An analytic study on 431 cases of cardiac conduction disturbance has been made by review of the clinical records and electrocardiograms taken from the adult patients registered at Kyung Hee University Hospital for 3 years from May, 1973 to April, 1976. 1. The total incidence of conduction disturbance was 6.50%, the atrioventricular block 3.14% and the intraventricular block was 3.36% of total 6,616 cases of E.C.G. reviewed. Among of these, the first degree atrioventricular block was 3.02% which was the most common occurred one, the incomplete right bundle branch block was 2.25% and the complete right bundle branch block was 0.57%. 2. The ratio of male to female was 1.6:1 for the first degree atrioventricular block, and 1.6:1 for the incomplete right bundle branch block, 2.5:1 for the complete atrioventricular block, 2:1 for the left bundle branch block, and 1.7:1 for the complete right bundle branch block. The first degree atrioventricular block was seen most frequently in the fifth and sixth decade of age group, and the third degree block was over 40 years. The incomplete right bundle branch block in order was forth decade, third decade and fifth decade. The complete right bundle branch block and left posterior hemiblock were common in the sixth decade. The left bundle block and the posterior hemiblock were common in fifty years of age group. 3. The cardinal underlying diseases of the first degree atrioventricular block among cardiac diseases group in order of frequency were: hypertensive heart disease (25.0%) arteriosclerotic heart disease (8.0%) and rheumatic valvular heart disease (5.0%). The most common etiology of those non-cardiac disease group was neuropsychiatry disorder (11.5%) and the next was infection (11.0%). 4. All of the complete atrioventricular block were associated with the cardiac disease, that is, 57.0% with arteriosclerotic heart disease, 28.5% with pericarditis and 14.3% with hypertensive heart disease, respectively. 5. The cardinal underlying disease of the incomplete right bundle branch block in order of frequency were: hypertensive heart disease (10.7%), arteriosclerotic heart disease (8.1%) among the cardiac disease group, and infections (15.4%) among the non-cardiac disease group. The incidence of healthy persons was 14.1%. 6. Those of complete right bundle branch block in order of frequency were: arteriosclerotic heart disease (13.2%), and hypertensive heart disease (10.1%) among the cardiac disease group, and infection(13.2%) and neurosis (10.1%), respectively among the non-cardiac disease group. 7. The major etiologies of the left bundle branch block was hypertensive heart disease and arteriosclerotic heart disease (33.3% each), and that of left posterior hemiblock was showed arteriosolerotic heart disease and cor-pulmonale. The most common etiological disease of the left anterior hemiblock was hypertensive heart disease in cardiac disease group, and infection and gatrointestinal disease in non-cariac disease group. 8. The abnormal electrocardiographic findings with the first degree atrioventricular block were left ventricular hypertrophy (24.8%), sinus tachycardia (11.0) and sinus bradycardia (5.8%). Those with the complete atrioventricular block were right ventricular hypertrophy (15.8%) and left bundle branch block (15.8%). In complete right bundle branch block, the majority (52.5%) showed single sign without other abnormality on E.C.G. In the left bundle branch block, there were 18.9% of left ventricular hypertrophy and 15.7% of first degree atrioventricular block. In the left anterior hemiblock, there were 28.5% of right bundle branch block, and 19.0% of right ventricular hypertrophy. In the left posterior hemiblock, there were 40.0% of atrial fibrillation and 20.0% of left atrial hypertrophy.
Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence

No abstract available.
Femur* ; Hip Fractures*

No abstract available.
Femur* ; Tibia*

Nifedipine is the Ca++ channel blocker, of which action mechanism is blocking the calcium influx through the smooth muscle of vessels. It is known that Nipine(R) improve the visual field by increasing blood supply to the optic nerve with dilatation of vessels in low tension glaucoma patient whose visual field loss is thought to be caused by the ischemic change of optic nerve. We have clinically evaluated the sensitivities of visual fields of 7 cases (11 eyes) of low tcnsion glaucoma, who were medicated with Nipinetension glaucoma patient whose visual field loss is thought to be caused by the ischemic change of optic nerve. We have clinically evaluated the sensitivities of visual fields of 7 cases (11 eyes) of low tcnsion glaucoma, who were medicated with Nipine(R), 1Omg Tid per os for more than 2 weeks. The visual fields were tested at least 3 times or more with Humphrey automatic perimetry (Allergan, Statpac) and were divided into 10 sectors according to the nerve fiber bundles. In each sector, we analyzed the change of light sensitivity and global index, then compared by Student Pared t-Test. After medication of Nipine(R), improvements of mean light sensitivity in total sectors were found in 7 eyes among the 11 eyes and also superonasal portion of their visual field was more recovered than the other portions and they showed the improvement of the mean deviation but it was not significant.
Calcium ; Dilatation ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Low Tension Glaucoma* ; Muscle, Smooth ; Nerve Fibers ; Nifedipine* ; Optic Nerve ; Photophobia ; Visual Field Tests ; Visual Fields*

Nerve fiber bundle index(NFBI) is a new index which detects visual field depression in 21 nerve fiber bundle zones, reflecting the topographical arrangement of visual field defects. We applied this index to 39 eyes with normal visual field and 131 eyes with early glau-comatous field defect(mean defect Area Under Curve ; Depression ; Glaucoma* ; Nerve Fibers* ; ROC Curve ; Visual Fields

To create an experimental glaucoma model in rabbit and to study the effect of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) on rabbits ocular tissues, we treated trabecular meshwork of 7 adult pigmented rabbits with Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. And then we studied the IOP lowering effect of topical verapamil in experimental glaucoma model. The IOP and outflow facility were measured with an applanation pneumotonograph (Alcon, Texas). During sustained rap elevation, 50ul of 0.25% verapamil was instilled in one eye and normal saline in the fellow eye. The IOP was measured 1, 2, 4, 8 hours after instillation. The measurement was repeated twice at 2 weeks interval. After 5 weeks, the IOP increased from an average baseline IOP of 16.6mmHg to 25.51mmHg, an increase of 55.6%. The outflow facility was decreased from 0.21 microliter/min/mmHg to 0.09 microliter/min/mmHg. There were statistically significant reductions in IOP in both verapamil and placebo-treated eyes(p<0.05). The reduction was greater in verapamil-treated eyes than in placebo-treated eyes(p<0.05). Maximal reduction of IOP was observed 2 hours after single-drop of verapamil, with significant reduction of IOP up to 4 hours duration(p<0.05). During the observation period of this study, cupping of the optic nerve head developed. Histopathologic examination revealed extensive scarring of the anterior chamber angle structure. There are marked hyaline degeneration of retinal ganglion cells in temporal retina.
Adult ; Anterior Chamber ; Cicatrix ; Glaucoma* ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Intraocular Pressure ; Optic Disk ; Rabbits* ; Retinal Ganglion Cells ; Trabecular Meshwork ; Verapamil*

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is an uncommon but distinctive tumor. Definitive diagnosis requires biopsy of the lesion and immunohistochemical staining. Immunohistochemical study using anti-cytokeratin monoclonal antibodies may be helpful for differentiating EMPD from other similar skin lesions and primary EMPD from pagetoid spread of underlying regional internal malignancy (secondary EMPD). OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to identify clinical findings, histopathologic features and immunohistochemical characteristics of EMPD. METHODS: The twelve cases diagnosed as EMPD at our institution over ten years were included. Clinical records and pathology slides of the patients were reviewed retrospectively. Immunohistochemical stains for CK7, CK20, CEA, EMA, PSA, GCDFP15 and mucin stains such as PAS, d-PAS, alcian blue (pH 2.5) were done using paraffin blocks. RESULTS: 1. In most cases, EMPD developed on the scrotum of senile male patients. 2. In the pathologic findings, Paget cells were observed from the epidermis only in 2 cases, from the epidermis and intradermal skin appendages in 7 cases and from the dermis in 3 cases. 3. In all cases except for the single case associated with a transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, there were histochemical findings of alcian blue-, PAS- and immunohistochemical findings of CK7+, CK20-, CEA+, EMA+. 4. In the single case associated with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, there were histochemical findings of alcian blue-, PAS- and immunohistochemical findings of CK7+, CK20+, CEA-, EMA-. CONCLUSION: The combination of CK7 and CK20 demonstrates these to be useful markers in distinguising primary EMPD from a pagetoid spread of extracutaneous malignancies. Namely, immunophenotypes other than CK7+/CK20- in Paget cells suggest underlying regional internal malignancy.
Male ; Humans ; Biopsy

The authorsinvestigated the effects of UV-B and amniotic membrane graft about PRK induced inflammatory cell infiltration into corneal stroma, lipid peroxidation and keratocyte apoptosis. Total 20 white rabbits were divided into 5 groups; 1)mechanical epithelial removal, 2)epithelial removal and UV-B irradiation, 3)PRK only, 4) PRK and UV-B irradiation, 5)Amniotic membrane graft after PRK and UV-B irradiation. All corneas were harvested after 24hrs. H & E stain for PMNs infiltration, MDA immunohistochemical stain for lipid peroxidation and TUNEL stain for keratocyte apoptosis were performed. UV-B had little effect on infiltration of inflammatory cell into corneal stroma, lipid peroxidation and keratocyte apoptosis. Amniotic membrane suppressed infiltration of PMNs into corneal stroma, lipid peroxidation and keratocyte apoptosis. Environmental UV-B exposure should not be avoided after PRK. Amniotic membrane graft is beneficial to reduce keratocyte apoptosis and related corneal haze.
Amnion* ; Apoptosis* ; Cornea ; Corneal Stroma ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Inflammation* ; Lipid Peroxidation* ; Membranes ; Rabbits ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Brain* ; Hydrocephalus*