Female ; Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Orbital Diseases ; etiology ; Orbital Fractures ; surgery ; Prostheses and Implants ; adverse effects ; Silicones ; adverse effects ; Staphylococcal Infections ; etiology

Objective To investigate the effects of emulsified isoflurane preconditioning on myocardial NF-κB activity during ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)in rats.Methods Forty-eight healthy male SD rats weighing 230-280 g were randomly divided into 4 groups with 12 animals in each group: sham operation group(group S),I/R group,lipid emulsion + I/R group(group L)and emulsified isoflurane + I/R group(group EI).In group I/R,EI and L,myocardial I/R was produced by occlusion of left coronary anterior descending artery(LAD)for 30 min followed by 120 min reperfusion.In group L,30% lipid emulsion 4 ml·kg-1 ·h-1 was infused intravenously for 30 min before myocardial I/R.In group EI,emulsified isoflurane 4 ml· kg- 1 · h- 1 was infused intravenously for 30 min followed by 15 min washout before myocardial I/R.In group S and I/R,normal saline was given instead.Blood samples were taken from femoral artery at the end of 120 min reperfusion for determination of serum cTnI and IL-6 concentrations and CK-MB activity by ELISA.The rats were then killed and the myocardial tissues were taken for determination of NF-κB activity by Western blot and observation of the ultrastructure by electron microscopy.Results The NF-κB activity,serum cTnI and IL-6 concentrations and CK-MB activity were significantly higher in group I/R,EI and L than in group S(P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01),while lower in group EI than in group I/R(P ＜ 0.05).Microscopic examination showed that emulsified isoflurane significantly attenuated the histopathological changes in group EI.Conclusion Emulsified isoflurane pretreatment can attenuate myocardial I/R injury through decreasing the NF-κB activity and inhibiting inflammatory response in rats.

Objective To investigate the role of dual-source parallel radio frequence (RF) and single-source excitation in liver imaging at 3.0 T MR.Methods This study was a retrospective analysis.One hundred and seven subjects underwent a 3.0 T TX MR scanning including axial spectrally selective attenuated inversion recovery (SPAIR) T2WI,axial DWI and coronal balanced-fast field echo( Balanced FFE).Each sequence was carried out with both single-source and dual-source RF excitation.Student＇s t test was used to compare the differences between single-source and dual-source RF excitation in the image uniformity,signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR).Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to determine whether there was difference between conventional and parallel transmission in the score of image quality.Reader agreement was assessed using the Cohen＇s Kappa test.Results For the image uniformity,there was significant difference between single-source and dual-source excitation (418.40 ± 66.75 for single-source vs.416.26 ± 50.61 for dual-source,t =2.524,P ＜ 0.05 ).There also existed significant difference between single-source and dual-source excitation in SNR and CNR,respectively.The SNR and CNR of parallel transmission (22.03 + 12.16 and 18.33 ± 10.01,respectively) were both higher than those of single transmission (20.36 ± 11.21 and 15.22 ± 8.95,respectively) ( t =- 2.630,P ＜ 0.05 for SNR and t =- 4.238,P ＜ 0.05 for CNR).Image quality comparisons revealed significantly better results with dual-source than single-source RF excitation at SPAIR T2 WI ( 1.40 + 0.42 vs.1.81 ± 0.27 ),DWI ( 1.08 ± 0.40 vs.1.63 ± 0.36 ) and Balanced FFE sequence ( 0.95 ± 0.45 vs.1.65 ± 0.37,Z =- 5.894,- 5.801 and - 6.985,respectively,P ＜ 0.01 ).In the comparison of image quality,the agreement between the two readers was very good ( Kappa ＞ 0.8,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Dual-source parallel RF excitation MR imaging in liver enables reducing dielectric shading,improving homogeneity of the RF magnetic induction field,and increasing SNR and CNR at 3.0 T.

Since Nei Jing, through the development and supplement of ancient physicians, syndrome differentiation of TCM ophthalmology has been gradually improved. To the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, LI Dong-yuan's Pi Wei Lun paid attention to spleen and stomach,which made raising yang therapy has been accepted and widely used in medical subjects. After 40 years of clinical practice and inheritance and innovation of LI Dong-yuan's raising yang therapy, Professor LV Hai-jiang gradually formed his own experience features of using raising yang therapy to treat ophthalmic diseases. Combined with the clinical medical records, this article reviewed diagnosis and treatment experience of Professor LV in using raising yang therapy to treat ophthalmic diseases from the aspects of raising yang and removing obstruction in collaterals, raising yang and dissipating heat, activating blood circulation and expelling stasis, and eliminating dampness and phlegm.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression and relationship of p27(kip1) and its nuclear export factor Jab1 during proliferation process of lymphoma cell.

METHODSJurkat and Raji cells were treated with serum starvation and then serum release. The protein and mRNA expression of p27(kip1), Jab1 in the cells were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR respectively. LMB were used for stimulating Jurkat cells during their proliferation process, and then the expression changes of p27(kip1) and Jab1 were detected. An eukaryotic expression plasmid(pcDNA3. 1-myc) containing Jab1 was constructed. Jurkat cell were transfected in vitro with or without pcDNA3. 1-myc-Jab1. Double immunolabelling was used to identify the localization of p27(kip1). Immunoprecipitation was used to detect the combination of p27(kip1) and Jab1.

RESULTSThe growth of Jurkat and Raji cells were blocked by serum starvation. The total protein amount of p27(kip1) increased while that of Jab1 decreased. The reverse changes were happened after serum release, but the mRNA expression of p27(kip1) has no significant change. LMB could inhibit the cell proliferation caused by serum release. The expression of p27(kip1) was up-regulated and Jab1 down-regulated when Jurkat cells were treated with LMB. After pcDNA3. 1-myc-Jab1 infected Jurkat cells for 48 h, the distribution of p27(kip1) was translocated from nucleus into cytoplasma. p27(kip1) and Jab1 could form compound in Jurkat and Raji cells detected by Immunoprecipitation.

CONCLUSIONJab1 may influence the location and expression of p27(kip1) through integrating with p27(kip1), and then participates in regulating the growth of NHL cell through interfering with the function of p27(kip1).

COP9 Signalosome Complex ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Jurkat Cells ; Peptide Hydrolases ; metabolism ; Plasmids ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on U937 cell growth and its mechanism.

METHODSCell cycle was detected by flow cytometry (FCM), expressions of cell cycle associated protein and the p27 related protein were detected by Western blot. The binding of P27 and Skp2 was detected by immunoprecipitation.

RESULTSFCM displayed that ATRA could inhibit the proliferation of U937 cells. At 72 h on 1 micromol/L ATRA treatment, 72% of the cells were arrested at G0/G1 phase. Western blot displayed that ATRA could decrease the expression of cyclin A, up-regulate the expression of p21 and p27, and down-regulate the expression of p27 related proteins Skp2. p27 could bind with Skp2 in U937 cells as detected by immunoprecipitation.

CONCLUSIONATRA may arrest the proliferation of U937 cells through the reduction of Skp2 expression, and finally the induction of the accumulation of p27.

Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 ; metabolism ; Humans ; S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins ; metabolism ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology ; U937 Cells

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression variation and significance of Skp2 and p27(kip1) during the proliferation of lymphoma cell line Jurkat cells.

METHODSThe binding of p27(kip1) and Skp2 in Jurkat cells were detected by immunoprecipitation. Jurkat cells were treated with serum starvation and release synchronization. The expression variation and subcellular localization of p27(kip1) and Skp2 were detected by subcellular fractionation, Western blot and double immunofluorescence labelling.

RESULTSThe results of immunoprecipitation suggested that p27(kip1) and Skp2 could bind each other in Jurkat cells. During the proliferation of Jurkat cells, the protein expression of p27(kip1) decreased and intranuclear p27(kip1) decreased significantly, while the Skp2 protein increased and cytoplasmic Skp2 increased significantly.

CONCLUSIONDuring the proliferation of Jurkat cells, the increased cytoplasmic synthesis of Skp2 may speed up p27(kip1) degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, then intranuclear p27(kip1) decreases significantly, leading to an increased cell cycling activity.

Cell Nucleus ; metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 ; metabolism ; Cytoplasm ; metabolism ; Humans ; Jurkat Cells ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Protein Binding ; S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins ; metabolism

BACKGROUNDFalls are the most frequently reported adverse events in inpatient settings. We conducted a retrospective case-control study of inpatient falls within aged care wards in a tertiary hospital to investigate the associated characteristics of elderly patients suffering from falls and fall-related characteristics.

METHODSConsecutive retrospective cross-sectional design spanned July 2006 to December 2008.

PATIENT GROUPInformation on all aged care inpatients who suffered from 1 or more falls was extracted from Incident Information Management System (IIMS). Further details about the particular admission(s) were obtained from patients' medical records, e.g., patients' characteristics and circumstances surrounding the falls. Randomly selected aged care patients who did not suffer from a fall and who were discharged from the hospital in the same period served control group. Characteristics among patients with single fall and recurrent falls, as well as non-fallers were compared.

RESULTSOf the 438 falls evaluated, 71.9% occurred in patients' room and 18.9% in patients' bathroom/toilet. The common activities were moving/transferring and taking shower/toileting, respectively, 70.3%, 12.1% while occurring falls; and time of falls had a high peak during 9:00-11:00 a.m. Many were unassisted while falling. The common contributing factors for fall were intrinsic factors. Patients with recurrent falls were more likely to have lower Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. Logistic regression analysis showed length of stay longer than five weeks, dementia and stroke were independent risk factors for recurrent falls; and living in hostel/nursing home preadmission, needing assistance with mobility, cognitive impairment, stroke, incontinence and arthritis/osteoporosis were independent risk factors for fall.

CONCLUSIONSIn an aged care ward, falls are independently associated with recurrent factors. Cognitive impairment/dementia was a strong risk factor for falls, and main causes leading to fall were intrinsic factors. For patients with cognitive impairment/dementia and behavioral disorder providing special and effective interventions is of paramount importance for reducing the incidence of fall in an aged care ward in hospital settings.

Accidental Falls ; statistics & numerical data ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nursing Homes ; statistics & numerical data ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression and relationship of p27(kip1) and its related molecules Jab1 and CRM1 during proliferation of lymphoma cells U937.

METHODSU937 cells were treated with serum starvation and release, and the effects of these treatments on the cell growth was tested with cell number counting. The expression and localization of p27(kip1), Jab1 and CRM1 in U937 cells were detected by Western blot, double immunolabelling and laser scanning confocal microscopy.

RESULTSThe growth of U937 cells was blocked by serum starvation. The total protein of p27(kip1) was increased while Ser10-phosphorylated p27(kip1) -related molecules Jab1 and CRM1 were decreased. Meanwhile, the location of p27(kip1) was changed from cytoplasm into nuclei. After serum release, the location of p27(kip1) expression reappeared in the cytoplasm again.

CONCLUSIONDuring the proliferation process of lymphoma U937 cells, Jab1 and CRM1 may influence the location and expression of p27kip1, and may participate in regulation of growth of NHL cells.

COP9 Signalosome Complex ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Nucleus ; metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Culture Media, Serum-Free ; pharmacology ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 ; metabolism ; Cytoplasm ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Karyopherins ; metabolism ; Peptide Hydrolases ; metabolism ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; metabolism ; U937 Cells

OBJECTIVETo examine the potential function of NMDA receptor NR2A subunit C-terminus in assembling and surface expression of the receptor in HEK293 cells.

METHODSFive vectors GFP- NR2ADeltaC1- DeltaC5 were constructed for expressing N-terminally GFP-tagged NR2A with C-terminal deletion at different regions by using conventional techniques of molecular cloning. The deleted region for NR2ADeltaC1-Delta C5 was 897L-1017S, 1024D-1142P, 1149D-1347G, 1354S-1464V, and 897L-1464V. These plasmids were transfected alone or co-transfected with NR1-1a into HEK293 cells. The surface NMDA receptors were immuno-stained using rabbit antibody against GFP and Cy3 conjugated secondary antibody in living cells.

RESULTThe vectors GFP-NR2ADeltaC1-DeltaC5 were generated and all of them expressed GFP fluorescence in the transfected cells. Surface NMDA receptors were detected by immuno-labeling with anti-GFP in the cells co-transfected by NR1-1a and any one of GFP-NR2ADeltaC1-DeltaC5. However, no surface expression of NR2A proteins was found in the transfected cells with any one of these plasmids alone.

CONCLUSIONWithin the region downstream from the 897L of NR2A subunit, neither a particular domain directly interacted with ER retention domain in NR1-1a C1 cassette, nor that determining ER retention of NR2A subunit itself has been found, indicating that more complicated mechanisms might exist in which the subunit assembling and targeting to plasma membrane of NMDA receptors undergo.

Cell Line ; Gene Deletion ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Humans ; Luminescent Proteins ; metabolism ; Mutation ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; analysis ; genetics