Malignant transformation of benign cystic teratomas of the ovary is rare, with an incidence rate of 1-3%. The most common malignancy associated with benign cystic teratoma of the ovary is squamous cell carcinoma, which represents 90% of malignant transformations, followed by adenocarcinoma and carcinoid. Primary malignant neuroectodermal tumor in a mature cystic teratoma is extremely rare and microscopically can be subclassified as differentiated, primitive, and anaplatic. We experienced a case of primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) associated with mature cystic teratoma of the ovary in a 11-year-old girl. Grossly, the ovary was a unilocular cyst which contained sebum material and disclosed several large, yellow to gray-tan polypoid excresences attached to the inner cystic wall. Except a large, fish-flesh, soft mass, the other polypoid masses were covered with sebum and contained small pieces of cartilage and tooth, and microscopically represented as mature teratoma. The large, fish-flesh, soft mass disclosed sheets and lobules of closely packed small cells with thin fibrovascular septa, which frequently replacing and encroaching the mature cystic teratoma. The small tumor cells were uniform and made up of round to oval nuclei with coarse chromatin and prominent nucleoli, very similar to those of PNET of the central nervous system.
Incidence ; Cysts ; Adenocarcinoma

Purpose: There are ongoing public initiatives to help substance abusers by involving peer recovery coaches (PRCs) in the field of substance abuse worldwide. This study examines the contents and delivery methods of PRC intervention programs and their effects from the participants' standpoint. Methods: An integrative literature search was conducted in seven electronic databases using English and Korean search terms. Two researchers independently reviewed the extracted papers and rated their quality based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in the selection of nine papers. Results: Research on PRC participation in substance abuse treatment were predominantly US-based, and all articles derived were quantitative studies. The main roles of PRCs included liaising between treatment and community resources, assisting with stress management and coping skills, counseling and case management, and recovery and recurrence prevention education. In addition, the PRC-delivered intervention was tested with various outcome variables. It reduced participants' substance use and enhanced their treatment adherence rates, self-efficacy, quality of life, and stress control. Conclusions This study confirmed the need to extend existing studies by testing the effects of PRCdelivered intervention through multidisciplinary efforts in more regions and establishing PRCs' role definition and concretization. The results of this study will serve as significant basic data in developing and applying for nursing intervention programs with PRCs in clinical and community nursing settings in the future.

No abstract available.
Child* ; Dehydration* ; Humans

PURPOSE: The aim of the study is to determine factors influencing quality of caregiving by caregivers for the elderly with dementia. METHODS: Data were collected from 87 caregivers for elders with dementia who had visited in Busan Metropolitan Center for Dementia and D-University hospital outpatient center from July 10 to September 30, 2015. A self-reported questionnaire was used to assess the severity of the elders' dementia and knowledge of dementia, burdens and quality of caregiving by the caregivers. The SPSS 21.0 version program was used for data analysis. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression. RESULTS: Significant predictors of quality of caregiving by caregivers included caregivers' burdens (explanation power 25%), knowledge of dementia (explanation power 4%) and levels of education (explanation power 3%). These factors explained 32.3% of the variances in quality of caregiving. CONCLUSION: Burdens on caregivers were a major factor that decreased quality of caregiving, and knowledge of dementia was a factor that increased it. These findings show that educational programs and intervention for reducing burdens and improving knowledge of dementia are necessary to improve quality of caregiving by caregivers.
Aged ; Busan ; Caregivers* ; Dementia* ; Education ; Humans ; Outpatients ; Quality of Health Care ; Statistics as Topic

A Statistical observations were done on 587 pediatric patients who were diagnosed as having congenital heart disease by cardiac catheterization angiography and operation at Dong San Hospital Keimyung University, during the period of January 1982 to june 1987. The results were as follows 1) Out of 587 patients, 317 cases were male and 276 cases were female. There were female preponderance in atrial septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus, whille in male tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary stenosis, and ventricular septal defect. 2) The incidence of congenital heart disease were as folliws;ventricular septal defect 35.7% tetralogy of Fallot 17.5%, patient ductus arteriousus 13.9%, arterial septal defect 7.5% and pulmonary stenosis 2.9%. 3) Most of the patients were visited hospital for the first time between the age of 2 and 10 years. 4) Assosiated anomalies of major congenital heart disease were as follows:the most commonly associated anomaly in ventricular septal defect were pulmonary stenosis and patent ductus arteriosus. Pulmonary stenosis was frequently associated with atrial septal defect. Right sided aortic arch and pentalogy were assosiated with tetralogy of Fallot. The mitral regurgitation was associated with patent ductus arteriosus mostly. 5) The overall surgical mortality was 6.8%. The mortality was high in tetralogy of Fallot(16.1%), transposition of great vessels(28.5%).
Angiography ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital* ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mortality ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; Statistics as Topic* ; Tetralogy of Fallot

Purpose: Because there are no new and validated tools that assess knowledge of kidney transplant (KT), we aimed to construct the Korean version of the Kidney Transplant Understanding Tool (K-TUT) and to validate it. Methods: The Korean version of the K-TUT was established based on a translation and cultural adaptation process. A total of 69 items were reviewed by eight experts in KT for content validity, and a quantitative analysis was used to assess convergent and criterion validity (correlation coefficients), internal consistency (Kuder-Richardson 20, KR-20), test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC), item difficulty, and item discrimination for 29 KT candidates and 91 KT recipients. Results: The content validity of the Korean version of the K-TUT proved to be excellent as all items; the scale-level content validity index (S-CVI) in universal average was .86 and the S-CVI in average was .98. A positive association between the scores assessed by the Korean version of the K-TUT and knowledge level of KT (r = .74 for KT candidates and r = .57 for KT recipients, both p< .001) and treatment adherence (r = .31, p = .003) was shown. The overall ICC values are .91 for KT candidates and .88 for KT recipients. The KR-20 values were .89‒.94 for KT candidates and .76‒.78 for KT recipients. The mean difficulty and discrimination were .72 and .41 for KT candidates, and .76 and .33 for KT recipients. Conclusion The Korean version of the K-TUT is proved to be a valid and reliable tool to assess KT-related knowledge in both KT candidates and recipients.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the level of awareness about diabetes mellitus (DM) and identify the associated factors among diabetic adults in Korea by sex, using data from most recent nationwide representative survey. Methods: Secondary data analysis was conducted using data obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VII (2016–2018). In total, 2,026 participants (1,049 men, 977 women) aged ≥30 years with DM were included. Data were analyzed using a complex sample analysis considering the combined sampling weight for 3 years. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis to identify the association between DM awareness (DA) and sociodemographic and health-related factors. Results: Researchers observed that 60.2% of men and 68.4% of women had DA. DA levels in both men and women were higher in those who were older, less educated, had normal weight, had hypertension and/or dyslipidemia, and had a family history of DM than in their counterparts. Having undergone a health screening in the past 2 years was associated with DA levels in men, whereas glycated hemoglobin levels of 5.7–6.4% were associated with higher DA levels in women. Conclusion The level of DA is unsatisfactory. Although the DA level is slightly higher in women than in men, it needs to be improved regardless of gender. Most of the factors associated with DA levels are similar in both men and women. Nurses in the community setting should provide health education, conduct campaigns, and promote referral to medical services by targeting the high-risk groups with lower DA identified in this study.

Purpose: Because there are no new and validated tools that assess knowledge of kidney transplant (KT), we aimed to construct the Korean version of the Kidney Transplant Understanding Tool (K-TUT) and to validate it. Methods: The Korean version of the K-TUT was established based on a translation and cultural adaptation process. A total of 69 items were reviewed by eight experts in KT for content validity, and a quantitative analysis was used to assess convergent and criterion validity (correlation coefficients), internal consistency (Kuder-Richardson 20, KR-20), test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC), item difficulty, and item discrimination for 29 KT candidates and 91 KT recipients. Results: The content validity of the Korean version of the K-TUT proved to be excellent as all items; the scale-level content validity index (S-CVI) in universal average was .86 and the S-CVI in average was .98. A positive association between the scores assessed by the Korean version of the K-TUT and knowledge level of KT (r = .74 for KT candidates and r = .57 for KT recipients, both p< .001) and treatment adherence (r = .31, p = .003) was shown. The overall ICC values are .91 for KT candidates and .88 for KT recipients. The KR-20 values were .89‒.94 for KT candidates and .76‒.78 for KT recipients. The mean difficulty and discrimination were .72 and .41 for KT candidates, and .76 and .33 for KT recipients. Conclusion The Korean version of the K-TUT is proved to be a valid and reliable tool to assess KT-related knowledge in both KT candidates and recipients.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the level of awareness about diabetes mellitus (DM) and identify the associated factors among diabetic adults in Korea by sex, using data from most recent nationwide representative survey. Methods: Secondary data analysis was conducted using data obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VII (2016–2018). In total, 2,026 participants (1,049 men, 977 women) aged ≥30 years with DM were included. Data were analyzed using a complex sample analysis considering the combined sampling weight for 3 years. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis to identify the association between DM awareness (DA) and sociodemographic and health-related factors. Results: Researchers observed that 60.2% of men and 68.4% of women had DA. DA levels in both men and women were higher in those who were older, less educated, had normal weight, had hypertension and/or dyslipidemia, and had a family history of DM than in their counterparts. Having undergone a health screening in the past 2 years was associated with DA levels in men, whereas glycated hemoglobin levels of 5.7–6.4% were associated with higher DA levels in women. Conclusion The level of DA is unsatisfactory. Although the DA level is slightly higher in women than in men, it needs to be improved regardless of gender. Most of the factors associated with DA levels are similar in both men and women. Nurses in the community setting should provide health education, conduct campaigns, and promote referral to medical services by targeting the high-risk groups with lower DA identified in this study.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in people with diabetes mellitus (DM) using Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VII (2017~2018). Methods: DM was defined as in two ways; 1) doctor's diagnosis (Group 1, n=549), 2) one of doctor's diagnosis, medication, or hyperglycemia (Group 2, n=849). The DR prevalence was measured as the prevalence proportion (%). Risk factors for developing DR were analyzed using multiple logistic regression, and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results: The prevalence of DR was 25.87% in Group 1 and 20.14% in Group 2. Risk factors for DR were identified as insulin therapy (Group 1: OR=5.31, Group 2: OR=5.27), DM duration ≥10 years (Group 1: OR=2.20, Group 2: OR=3.10), and systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg (Group 1: OR=2.26, Group 2: OR=2.23) for both groups. Conclusion Considering the DR prevalence, eye examinations education is highly recommended as part of a diabetes management programs in the community. It is also proposed to shorten the eye examination cycle for people with risk factors and establish a referral system to link between screening to treatment.