No abstract available.
Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory*

No abstract available.
Cryptococcosis* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

No abstract available.
Polychondritis, Relapsing*

No abstract available.
Polychondritis, Relapsing*

Hypertensive intracerebral hematoma is a serious and potentially lethal condition. The indication of surgery in this hematoma is still controversial. Authors have treated 335 cases of hypertensive intracerebral hematomas which were confirmed by computerized tomography between July 1, 1982 and June 30, 1986. The hematomas have been classified according to their modes of extension on computerized tomography. The outcome was assessed on their basis of activity daily living. According to our study, moderate and severe types of putaminal hematoma cases have shown better results with surgery than conservative management. Mortality was 23.7 percent in surgery and 35.3 percent in conservative management.
Hematoma* ; Mortality ; Putaminal Hemorrhage

A series of 4 patients with aneurysm of distal anterior cerebral artery(DACA), operated with microtechniques, is reviewed. Because the incidence of aneurysms in this location was only 2 to 4% of that of total aneurysm, little expericences on surgical management of this aneurysm have been reported. An aneurysm in this location is difficult to approach surgically because of their multiplicity, characteristically broad and sclerotic base, with small subarachnoid space in the interhemispheric fissure. We surgically treated DACA aneurysms of 4 cases through the interhemispheric approach via the unilateral frontal paramedian craniotomy on the nondominant side.
Aneurysm ; Anterior Cerebral Artery* ; Craniotomy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Subarachnoid Space

PURPOSE: To describe the CT findings of primary liposarcoma of the mediastinum, and to correlate these with the pathologic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records, chest radiographs and CT scans of four male patients with histopathologically proven primary liposarcoma of the mediastinum treated between September 1996 and April 2002. The CT scans were analyzed by two radiologists, and final decisions were reached by consensus. They were analysed in terms of tumor size and location, enhancement pattern, the pattern of the fat component, calcification, mass effect, pleural effusion, lymph node enlargement, pericardial effusion, tumor extension to the costophrenic junction, and adjacent organ invasion. RESULTS: All patients presented with dyspnea and chest pain. Pathologic subtypes, which were well-differentiated and pleomorphic, were myxoid (n=2) and mixed (n=2). The transverse diameter of the mass ranged from 10.5 to 21 cm. All tumors were located in the anterior mediastinum, and all had lobulated margins. Soft-tissue attenuation predominance (n=2) occurred in the myxoid type, and roughly equal amounts of fat and soft-tissue attenuation (n=2) were present in the mixed type. A small area at calcification was seen in the mixed type (n=1). Mass effect on mediastinal structures was demonstrated in all patients. In three patients, the tumor draped around and conformed to the shape of the costophrenic junction. Chest wall invasion occurred in one patient. CONCLUSION: Findings of an anterior mediastinal location, fat attenuation, mass effect, the invasion of adjacent organs, and a lobulated margin strongly suggested mediastinal liposarcoma. CT attenuation of the lesions correlated closely with the degree of histologic differentiation.
Chest Pain ; Consensus ; Dyspnea ; Humans ; Liposarcoma* ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Mediastinum* ; Medical Records ; Pericardial Effusion ; Pleural Effusion ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Retrospective Studies ; Thoracic Wall ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Although evolution and time course of ischemic brain infarct should be a matter of interest to investigators in the research of brain ischemia as well as traumatic brain injury, few papers have ever been reported. Authors observed quantitatively sequential changes of infarct size and regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF) to assess the evolution of focal ischemic brain infarct in the rat following left MCAO. Fifteen rats, weighting 250 g to 370 g, were used in this experiment. The experiment animals were divided into three groups: 6, 24 and 48 hours groups(HG) after MCAO. The rCBF of bilateral caudate nuclei was measured by hydrogen clearance methods. Areas of brain infarction were delineated by tripheny-tetrazolium chloride(TTC) at the preselected 8 coronal levels of forebrain. The areas of brain damage were drawn on scale diagrams(x4 actual size) of forebrain and measured by a plannimeter. In the experimental groups, just after MCAO, rCBF of the ipsilateral caudate nucleus was reduced to 29.4+/-6.5 to 24.5+/-7.9 ml/100 g/min from the basal value of around 117 to 121 ml/100 g/min and showed a tendency of getting more reduced to 19.4+/-7.6 ml/100 g/min by 48 hours. The rCBF of the contralateral caudate nucleus was maintained in the basal value throughout the experiment. Comparing the total amounts of ischemic damage of 48 HG to those of 5 and 24 HG, the infarction size was significantly increased in cerebral hemisphere as well as cerebral cortex and caudate nucleus(p<0.05). But there was not any significant difference between 6 and 24 HG. The experiment provides evidence for the evolution of focal ischemic brain infarct without any further change of decreased rCBF. The data suggest that it is desirable to observe the change of pathologic findings by not less then 48 hours following the arterial occlusion in the study of ischemic brain infarction in the rat, particularly as long as ischemic damage is delineated by TTC.
Animals ; Brain ; Brain Infarction ; Brain Injuries ; Brain Ischemia ; Caudate Nucleus ; Cerebral Cortex ; Cerebrum ; Humans ; Hydrogen ; Infarction* ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery* ; Middle Cerebral Artery* ; Prosencephalon ; Rats* ; Research Personnel

BACKGROUND: Leptin, the product of ob gene, is an important circulating hormone for the regulation of homeostasis of body weight and enegy expenditure. There was a previous reports that thyroid hormone is one of regulating factors of leptin gene expression in vitro. The aim of this study was designed to evaluate the role of thyroid hormone levels in the regulation of circulating leptin concentrations in human. METHODS: A total 16S subjects were studied; 76 patients with Graves disease, 49 patients with Hashimoto disease and 43 control sujjects. The correlation between thryoid hormone and leptin levels were analyzed and serum leptin levels were compared among the groups which was classified by thyroid functional status. Serum leptin concentratios were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in serum leptin levels between the groups of control, Graves disease and Hashimoto disease. The hypothyroid groups of Graves disease which was induced by excessive antithyroid drug treatment showed significant low levels(5.6 +/-2.8 ng/mL) compared to control(9.6 +/- 5.2 ng/ml) and thyrotoxic groups(10.0 +/- 5,0 ng/mL) CONCLUSION: The hypothyroid patients showed low levels of serum leptin concentrations it may indicate that thyroid horrnone play a role in the appropriate secretion of leptin in human.
Body Weight ; Gene Expression ; Graves Disease ; Hashimoto Disease ; Health Expenditures ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Leptin* ; Radioimmunoassay ; Thyroid Gland*

We injected tPA into the anterior chamber of 43 pesudophakic eyes with moderate to severe fibrinous membrane which had developed following cataract surgery from January, 1990 to August, 1990 at St. Mary's hospital. The results were as follows: 1. Intraocular tPA injection was resulted in complete fibrinolysis within 1 hour in 38 of 43 eyes and patial fibrinolysis in 5 of 43. 2. No corneal endothelial cell loss was found, and tPA did not appear to cause a significant rise in intraocular pressure. 3. Complications of tPA injection included mild, transient, periocular pain(3 eyes), anterior chamber fibrin debris(2 eyes) and anterior chamber hemorrhage(1 eye). The results indicated that tPA is dramatically effective for the clearance of fibrinous membrane after cataract surgery.
Anterior Chamber ; Cataract* ; Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss ; Fibrin* ; Fibrinolysis ; Intraocular Pressure ; Membranes* ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator*