No abstract available.
Fistula* ; Perilymph*

No abstract available.
Asia* ; Paraplegia*

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether estradiol (E2), lipid profile, biochemical markers, and bone mineral density (BMD) are related according to postmenopausal period. METHOD: One hundred fifty four women were divided into four groups according to the time past menopause: group I (0~5 years), group II (6~10 years), group III (11~15 years), group IV (more than 16 years). Group I, II, III were subdivided into osteoporosis group (t-score< 2.5) and non-osteoporosis group (t-score> or = 2.5). E2, lipid profile, osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, deoxypyridinoline, and BMD by DEXA were measured in all groups. RESULTS: There were significant inverse correlation between BMD and postmenopausal period (p<0.05). Deoxypyridinoline and osteocalcin were correlated with postmenopausal period but there was no statistical significance. Deoxypyridinoline and osteocalcin were increased in osteoporosis group compared to non-osteoporosis group but there was no statistical significance. E2 had significant inverse correlations with postmenopausal period (p<0.05). E2 had no correlation with factors such as biochemical markers and lipid profile in group I, II, III but had adverse correlation with deoxypyridinoline in group IV. CONCLUSION: No specific biochemical markers regarding the duration of menopause were found. Regardless of the duration of menopause, checking both osteocalcin and deoxypyridinoline was statistically significant for the evaluation of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Biomarkers* ; Bone Density* ; Estradiol* ; Female ; Humans ; Menopause ; Osteocalcin ; Osteoporosis ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal ; Postmenopause*

A 45-year-old man with a long history of nephrotic syndrome presented with low back pain and progressive weakness of both legs for one day. Physical examination showed an acutely ill-appearing patient with a loss of both femoral artery pulses. Immediate digital subtraction angiography of abdominal aorta revealed total occlusion of the distal abdominal aorta. Transvascular embolectomy using urokinase was undertaken 6 hours later. Digital subtraction angiography after embolectomy revealed both common ilicac arteries to be patent with good distal flow. Electrodiagnostic examinations (post embolectomy 5th and 45th day) revealed peripheral polyneuropathy of both lower extremity. Anticoagulation therapy was continued and the patient was discharged several months later. During this period, there was improvement in both lower limbs from power of grade 1 to 4 except for both ankle dorsiflexors which had not recovered. We report a rare case of peripheral ischemic polyneuropathy of both lower extremities as the result of acute abdominal aortic occlusion.
Angiography, Digital Subtraction ; Ankle ; Aorta, Abdominal ; Arteries ; Embolectomy ; Femoral Artery ; Humans ; Leg ; Low Back Pain ; Lower Extremity ; Middle Aged ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Physical Examination ; Polyneuropathies* ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

The blue nevus consists of papules or a plaque-like aggregate of aberrant dermal melanocytes actively producing melanin in the reticular dermis. The common blue nevus clinically presents as a 2~10 mm sized, well-demarcated, papular, bluish-black lesion, typically on the dorsal surface of the hands or feet. However, it has rarely been reported on the mucosal lesions such as the oral cavity. It is usually seen as an aquired form. We report a case of a large, congenital, common blue nevus on the upper lip.
Dermis ; Foot ; Hand ; Lip* ; Melanins ; Melanocytes ; Mouth ; Nevus, Blue*

Uterine perforation is a serious complication in users of intrauterine devices for contraception. Authors encountered one case of displacement of Copper-T IVD into urinary blpossibly due to uterine perforation on insertion of the Copper-T IUD in a 28 year old 1-multipara, who experienced normal intrauterine pregnancy in the circumstances. This patient was in silent, asymptomatic condition and underwent cesarean section. And Copper-T IUD was removed under the cystotomy. So we report one case with brief review of literatures
Adult ; Asymptomatic Diseases ; Cesarean Section ; Contraception ; Copper* ; Cystotomy ; Female ; Humans ; Intrauterine Devices ; Pregnancy ; Urinary Bladder* ; Uterine Perforation

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of BMD (bone mineral density), biochemical bone markers and lipid profiles after combination therapy of low dose estrogen (0.3 mg) and intermittent fluoride (monofluorophosphate) in postmenopausal osteopenia. METHOD: We studied 61 women with postmenopausal osteopenia from March 2002 to May 2005. Group I (n=30) was treated with low dose estrogen (0.3 mg), fluocalcic(R) (monofluorophosphate 100 mg+calcium 500 mg), and calcium (500 mg). Group II (n=31) was treated with standard dose estrogen (0.625 mg) and calcium (1,000 mg). BMD at the lumbar spine and femur, osteocalcin, deoxypyridinoline, and lipid profiles were measured at baseline and 2-year after treatment. RESULTS: 1) Average postmenopausal periods were 2.8 years and 3.1 years in Group I and II, respectively. 2) BMD increased significantly in two groups, and BMD in group I increased significantly more than that in group II. 3) Deoxypyridinoline decreased significantly in two groups, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. 4) Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol decreased significantly in two groups. CONCLUSION: Combination therapy with monofluorophosphate and low dose estrogen in postmenopausal osteopenia was more effective than standard dose estrogen therapy to prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Bone Density ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic* ; Calcium ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Estrogens* ; Female ; Femur ; Fluorides* ; Humans ; Osteocalcin ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal ; Postmenopause ; Spine

Carbamazepine is widely used to manage of seizures and symptomatic treatment of trigeminal neuralgia and central pain. We experienced two cases of exceedingly rare but potentially fatal side effects following carbamazepine administration. One traumatic brain injured patient developed pancytopenia 3 weeks after beginning to take carbamazepine for prophylactic management of seizure and the other C6 incomplete spinal cord injured patient receiving carbamazepine for the management of central pain sequentially developed syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) 1 week after administration. Because of more frequent indications of carbamazepine, these side effects must be borne in mind and cautious administration will be desirable.
Brain ; Carbamazepine* ; Humans ; Inappropriate ADH Syndrome* ; Pancytopenia* ; Seizures ; Spinal Cord ; Trigeminal Neuralgia

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the muscle fiber conduction velocity and histopathologic changes in skeletal muscle after 7% phenol solutions intramuscular injection. METHOD: Forty-five Sprague Dawley rats were divided into two groups: Experimental group, 30; Control group, 15. Experimental and control groups were injected with 0.1 cc of 7% phenol solution and 0.9% saline in right gastrocnemius, respectively. The histopathologic findings and muscle fiber conduction velocity were evaluated at 0, 1, 5, 14, and 28 days after each injection. RESULTS: In the light microscopic examination of experimental groups, vacuolar change, atrophy of myofibers, and intermyofiber cell proliferation were shown. The expression of synaptophysin began to be seen at 5 days and S-100 protein was increased 14 days after injection. In the electron microscopic examination of experimental groups, vacuolar change and denuded postsynaptic membrane were shown. In muscle fiber conduction study of experimental groups, the mean velocity were significantly slowed at 1, 5, 14, and 28 days after injection than those of control groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: On the basis of histopathologic findings, it is presumed that the mechanisms of paralysis following intramuscular injection of 7% phenol solutions were both myogenic and neurogenic. The slowing of muscle fiber conduction velocity tended to be related with the histopathologic changes of skeletal muscles after intramuscular injection with 7% phenol solution.
Animals ; Atrophy ; Cell Proliferation ; Injections, Intramuscular* ; Membranes ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Paralysis ; Phenol* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; S100 Proteins ; Synaptophysin

OBJECTIVE: To find simple screening method for assessment of patients with diabetic neuropathy by use of brief questionnaire, scored physical examination including vibration perception threshold, and mixed median conduction study. METHOD: Subjects were 24 patients with diabetes mellitus. Conventional nerve conduction study was performed in 24 patients and the patients were divided into two groups: 11 patients with polyneuropathy; 13 patients of normal findings. The questionnaires were given for evaluation of sensory function in all the subjects. The questionnaires were followed by physical examination including two point discrimination, vibration perception threshold by using biothesiometer, 10 gram filament test, pin prick test, DTR check, and muscle strength test. Abnormality was determined by the number of positive responses or abnormal clinical findings. Finally, we recorded the conduction velocity and amplitude of median mixed nerve and compared these parameters to values of 20 normal adults. RESULTS: The questionnaire and physical exam scores were higher in patients with polyneuropathy (p<0.01). The patients with polyneuropathy showed higher vibration perception threshold values (p<0.01) and slower conduction velocity and smaller amplitude of median mixed nerve (p<0.05). In correlation with conventional nerve conduction study, the median mixed nerve conduction velocity had higher kappa value than amplitude in screening for diabetic polyneuropathy. CONCLUSION: We suggest the questionnaires, scored physical examination, vibration perception threshold, and median mixed nerve conduction velocity to be a simple screening method for assessment of patients with diabetic plyneuropathy.
Adult ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Muscle Strength ; Neural Conduction* ; Physical Examination* ; Polyneuropathies ; Surveys and Questionnaires* ; Sensation ; Vibration