OBJECTIVETo establish a near-infrared qualitative analysis model to identify the authenticity of Polygonum multiflo- rum and distinguish processed products Polygoni Multiflori Radix.

METHODThe NIR spectra were peformed on over 30 batches of P. multiflorum and Polygoni Multiflori Radix samples and the adulterants Cynanchum bungei, Pteroxygonum giraldii, Polygonum cillinerve to establish the qualitative discriminant model and the conformity test model of Polygonum multifiorum , and cluster analysis was used to analyze the samples from different origins.

RESULTThe model is able to identify correctly P. multiflorum with its counterfeit, and distinguish between P. multiflorum and Polygoni multiflori Radix.

CONCLUSIONNear-infrared spectroscopy can be applied in the identification of P. multiflorum, which could be used to screen Chinese herbal medicine preliminarily.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Polygonum ; chemistry ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; methods

PURPOSE: Photogrammetry has been introduced as an alternative to direct measurement to obtain facial distances for a variety of anthropometric applications. The aim of this study is to establish morphological and functional value of an eye in Korean youths using specially designed computer software with digital photographic images. METHODS: Authors measured anthropometry of an eye in Korean youths 1,449 individuals(622 males, 827 females) and analyzed stastically them. RESULTS: The mean measurements are as follows. The diameter of cornea was 11.6+/-0.9mm in males and 11.3+/-0.9mm in females. The vertical dimension of palpebral fissure was 7.4+/-1.7mm in males and 8.2+/-1.6mm in females. The intercanthal width was 35.8+/-3.2mm in males and 34.4+/-2.9mm in females. The biocular width was 90.4+/-5.7mm in males and 87.4+/-5.3mm in females. The endocantion-superior margin of palpebral fissure distance was 12.7+/-1.4mm in males and 11.6+/-1.4mm in females. The horizontal dimension of palpebral fissure was 28.5+/-2.2mm in males and 27.4+/-1.9mm in females. The slant of palpebral fissure was 10.7+/-2.6degrees in males and 11.3+/-3.0degrees in females. The height of upper eyelid was 10.6+/-2.3mm in males and 10.7+/-2.3mm in females. The width of double fold was 2.0+/-0.7mm in males and 1.9+/-0.6 mm in females. A double fold was seen in 21.9% of males and 44.9% of females. The most frequent shape of the double fold was type IV. The most common type of epicanthal fold was type III in both males and females. CONCLUSION: Photogrammetic measurement of large population using specially designed software could offer reliable data and these data could be useful reference for preoperative consultation, surgical planning and anthropometic study of eye.
Adolescent* ; Anthropometry ; Cornea ; Eyelids ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Photogrammetry ; Vertical Dimension

PURPOSE: Photogrammetry has been introduced as an alternative to direct measurement to obtain facial distances for a variety of anthropometric applications. The aim of this study is to establish morphological and functional value of an eye in Korean youths using specially designed computer software with digital photographic images. METHODS: Authors measured anthropometry of an eye in Korean youths 1,449 individuals(622 males, 827 females) and analyzed stastically them. RESULTS: The mean measurements are as follows. The diameter of cornea was 11.6+/-0.9mm in males and 11.3+/-0.9mm in females. The vertical dimension of palpebral fissure was 7.4+/-1.7mm in males and 8.2+/-1.6mm in females. The intercanthal width was 35.8+/-3.2mm in males and 34.4+/-2.9mm in females. The biocular width was 90.4+/-5.7mm in males and 87.4+/-5.3mm in females. The endocantion-superior margin of palpebral fissure distance was 12.7+/-1.4mm in males and 11.6+/-1.4mm in females. The horizontal dimension of palpebral fissure was 28.5+/-2.2mm in males and 27.4+/-1.9mm in females. The slant of palpebral fissure was 10.7+/-2.6degrees in males and 11.3+/-3.0degrees in females. The height of upper eyelid was 10.6+/-2.3mm in males and 10.7+/-2.3mm in females. The width of double fold was 2.0+/-0.7mm in males and 1.9+/-0.6 mm in females. A double fold was seen in 21.9% of males and 44.9% of females. The most frequent shape of the double fold was type IV. The most common type of epicanthal fold was type III in both males and females. CONCLUSION: Photogrammetic measurement of large population using specially designed software could offer reliable data and these data could be useful reference for preoperative consultation, surgical planning and anthropometic study of eye.
Adolescent* ; Anthropometry ; Cornea ; Eyelids ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Photogrammetry ; Vertical Dimension

OBJECTIVETo study the survival time of recombination rival in environment and inactivation ability of different disinfectant and ultraviolet radiation against virus.

METHODSNC membranes absorbed the recombinant adenovirus (rADV) or herpes simplex virus (rHSV) with green fluorescence protein (GFP) were laid, or immersed in various concentration of different disinfectants such as ethanol, sodium hypochlorite, lysol and geramine and then taked out them every 15 min, or exposed under ultraviolet radiation, then the NC membranes were adsorbed 1 h in cell, 37 degrees C 5% CO2 48 h. The results were observed under the fluorescence microscope.

RESULTS(1) the average survival time of rHSV under environment is less than 60 min, rADV is almost up to 2 h. (2) The infection ability of rHSV and rADV was inactived 15 min by both ethanol (100%, 70% and 50%) and sodium hypochlorite (5%, 2.5% and 1.25%). (3) Two virus can be killed by 0.1% bromogeramine. (4) Both 5% and 2.5% lysol, but rADV can not lost the infection on Vero Cell until 75 min by 1.25% Lysol. (5) The rHSV was inactivated under ultraviolet radiation, but rADV was not.

CONCLUSIONThe survival time of is different from both envelope rival and the no-envelope viral under nature environment and the inactivate ability of disinfectant also is different between two model virus; Disinfectant should be choose according to virus type.

Adenoviridae ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Disinfectants ; toxicity ; Disinfection ; methods ; Risk ; Simplexvirus ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Sodium Hypochlorite ; toxicity ; Sterilization ; methods ; Ultraviolet Rays ; Virus Diseases ; Virus Inactivation ; Virus Physiological Phenomena ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Viruses ; drug effects ; radiation effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the phenomenon of accidental splashes and sprays from manipulation of recombinant virus material and to measure the approximate spilled distance when recombinant virus material inadvertently dropped in the biosafety laboratory.

METHODSfirst, two groups owning different experience simulated the course of accidental spills and splashes by recombinant adenovirus (rADV) which expressed green fluorescence protein (GFP), the GFP signal were observed in 96 well cell plate after spills appeared; Second, the routine two heights (75 cm and 110 cm) and capacity (1 ml, 1.5 ml, 4 ml and 8 ml) of virus were chose to simulate the experiment of unexpected dropping.

RESULTSFirst, the positive quantity of the first group owning 5 years' experience is much less than the second group owning 2 years' work experience, the former was 7 positive wells, the latter was 81 positive when they used the pipette to operation. Second, when the unclosed test tubes (1 ml, 1.5 ml, 4 ml and 8 ml recombinant virus) inadvertently dropped, the largest spill distance was 0.92 m, 1.57 m, 2.63 m and2.68 m respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe better experience is important to make sure safety when we make infectious material; the contaminated distance increased with the amount of recombinant virus material.

Animals ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Medical Laboratory Personnel ; standards ; Safety Management ; Virology ; manpower ; methods ; standards

The association of neoplastic disease and thromboembolic disorder was first recognized by Trousseau in 1865. Since then, thromboembolic events have often been reported in a variety of malignant conditions. Recently, we experienced an unusual case of a 67-year-old ovarian cancer patient with extensive thromboembolic events involving lung, brain, extremity and abdominal cavity. In this report, we describe a systemic coagulopathy fluctuating in accordance with anticoagulant therapy, and have special regard for a role of anticoagulants for the treatment of this syndrome.
Abdominal Cavity ; Aged ; Anticoagulants ; Brain ; Extremities ; Humans ; Lung ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Thromboembolism

Background/Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with diabetes. The cumulative impact of both diseases synergistically increases risk of adverse events. However, present population analysis is predominantly conducted with reference to non-NAFLD individuals and has not yet examined the impact of prediabetes. Hence, we sought to conduct a retrospective analysis on the impact of diabetic status in NAFLD patients, referencing non-diabetic NAFLD individuals. Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2018 was used. Hepatic steatosis was defined with United States Fatty Liver Index (US-FLI) and FLI at a cut-off of 30 and 60 respectively, in absence of substantial alcohol use. A multivariate generalized linear model was used for risk ratios of binary outcomes while survival analysis was conducted with Cox regression and Fine Gray model for competing risk. Results: Of 32,234 patients, 28.92% were identified to have NAFLD. 36.04%, 38.32% and 25.63% were non-diabetic, prediabetic and diabetic respectively. Diabetic NAFLD significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke, chronic kidney disease, all-cause and CVD mortality compared to non-diabetic NAFLD. However, prediabetic NAFLD only significantly increased the risk of CVD and did not result in a higher risk of mortality. Conclusions Given the increased risk of adverse outcomes, this study highlights the importance of regular diabetes screening in NAFLD and adoption of prompt lifestyle modifications to reduce disease progression. Facing high cardiovascular burden, prediabetic and diabetic NAFLD individuals can benefit from early cardiovascular referrals to reduce risk of CVD events and mortality.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the 12-month outcome of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment for extrafoveal polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). METHODS: This retrospective observational study included 32 eyes of 32 patients newly diagnosed with extrafoveal PCV (polyps located more than 500 microm from the center of the fovea). Patients were treated with intravitreal ranibizumab, bevacizumab, or both. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central foveal thickness (CFT) at diagnosis and at 12 months were compared. Eyes were divided into two groups according to the presence of submacular hemorrhage. The BCVA in each group was compared at baseline and at 12 months. RESULTS: During the 12-month study period, patients received an average of 4.0 +/- 1.1 anti-VEGF injections. The BCVA at baseline, three-month post-diagnosis, and 12-month post-diagnosis was 0.59 +/- 0.40, 0.34 +/- 0.38, and 0.38 +/- 0.38, respectively. The BCVA at 12 months was significantly better than the baseline value (p = 0.002). The CFT at baseline, three-month, and 12-month post-diagnosis was 477.1 +/- 194.2 microm, 214.5 +/- 108.8 microm, and 229.8 +/- 106.1 microm, respectively. The CFT at 12 months was significantly lower than the baseline value (p < 0.001). A significant improvement in BCVA was noted in eyes with and without submacular hemorrhage (n = 13, p = 0.032 and n = 19, p = 0.007, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Anti-VEGF therapy was beneficial in extrafoveal PCV, regardless of the presence of submacular hemorrhage.
Aged ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors/*therapeutic use ; Bevacizumab/therapeutic use ; Choroidal Neovascularization/diagnosis/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Fovea Centralis/pathology ; Humans ; Intravitreal Injections ; Male ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Middle Aged ; Polyps/diagnosis/*drug therapy ; Ranibizumab/therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Visual Acuity/drug effects/physiology

Waterproofing spray is used to ensure that clothing, including mountain wear, leather, and other surfaces are waterproof. Respiratory illnesses related to the use of waterproofing spray have been reported globally. The composition of waterproofing spray varies depending on the manufacturer. We treated a patient with chemical pneumonitis and alveolar hemorrhage due to exposure to waterproofing spray containing perfluoroalkyl acrylate copolymer. We diagnosed the patient with chemical pneumonitis and alveolar hemorrhage based on computed tomography (CT) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) test performed within 24 h after symptom occurrence. We believe that further study regarding the exact mechanism of pulmonary toxicity for waterproofing agents is required.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; Clothing ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Pneumonia*

Osler-Weber-Rendu disease is characterized by epistaxis, cutaneous telangiectasia, and visceral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). A 65-year-old male with recurrent epistaxis, old infarction and recent multiple rib fractures caused by a bicycle accident had middle cerebral thromboembolic infarctions when he stopped taking clopidogrel due to massive epistaxis and hemopneumothorax. On examinations, there was no focal cerebral stenosis, but there were telangiectasia, pulmonary and hepatic AVMs. A suspicious Osler-Weber-Rendu disease patient should be evaluated by proper screening and regular follow-up to minimize serious sequelae such as thromboembolic stroke.
Aged ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Cerebral Infarction ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Epistaxis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemopneumothorax ; Humans ; Infarction ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery* ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Middle Cerebral Artery* ; Rib Fractures ; Stroke ; Telangiectasis