This paper shows anthropometric differences among four regions of urban community using Korean anthropometric data surveyed in 1992. The anthropometric data include 84 measurements of Korean aged 12~50. The principal component analysis reduce 84 measures to five components. The discriminant analysis using these components is performed to observe the anthropometric differences among four regions : Seoul and Kyungki, Kangwon and Chungbuk, Chungnam and Ch lla, Kyungsang. The results on age groups (12~14, 15~17, 18~24, 25~50 ages) and city size (big city, medium city, small city) can be summarized as follows ; 1) In male aged 12~14 and 15~17, there are significant differences of anthropometry among four regions in all city size. But in another age groups (18~24 and 25~50 ages), these are not significant differences of anthropometry among four regions except medium city. 2) In female, there are significant differences of anthropometry in all city sloe in aged 18~24 and 25~50 and in medium city in aged 15~17. however, there are not significant differences in aged 12~14 and 15-17.
Anthropometry ; Chungcheongbuk-do ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Discriminant Analysis ; Female ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Male ; Principal Component Analysis ; Seoul

As the incidence of acute myocardial infarction been increasing with prolongation of life spans, improvement in foods and life styles in Korea, rapid diagnosis and treatment is critical in survival of acute myocardial infarction patient. Most of the acute myocardial infarction result from atherosclerotic plaque forming thrombus and occlusion of coronary artery. Because early thrombolytic therapy is important to maintain the left ventricular function and survival rate, there have been many trials to reperfuse the occluded coronary artery. We have studied the many aspects of acute myocardial infarction such as sex, age, infarction site, chief complaints, change of ECG, change of serum enzyme, time delay on emergency room arrival, and compared the effectiveness of thrombolytic therapy. Total number of patient was 212, and males were 141(66.5%) and females were 71(33.5%). The most common infarction site was ant, fuel wall(102 cases,48%)of the heart and the most common chief complaint was chest pain(204 cases,97%). Among the 106 patients who received thrombolytic therapy, 101 patients(95%) had survived and 5 patients(5%) had died. Among the 64 patients who didn't receive thrombolytic therapy, 56 patients (87.5%) were alived and 8 patients(12.5%) were dead.
Ants ; Coronary Vessels ; Diagnosis* ; Electrocardiography ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infarction ; Korea ; Life Style ; Life Support Care ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; Survival Rate ; Thorax ; Thrombolytic Therapy ; Thrombosis ; Ventricular Function, Left

PURPOSE: Drowning is the second most common cause of accidental death in children, exceeded only by motor vehicle accidents. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the prognostic factors of near-drowning in children, such as age, sex, season, site of submersion, and initial clinical or laboratory manifestrations, and to formulate preventive strategies for decreasing injuries by drowning. METHODS: Sixty-one near-drowning children who were admitted to Gyeongsang National Hospital from January, 1988 to August, 1996, were identified. A review of the medical charts provided information concerning the submersion accidents. RESULTS: Boys had a greater risk of submersion than girls (m=42, F=19). The peak age of 1 to 4 years is consistent with the known propensity of toddlers for accidents. Submersion occurred 21 in the sea, 14 in rivers, 7 in bathtubs, 6 in puddles, 3 in ponds, 3 in swimming pools, 2 in valleys, 2 in water tanks, 2 in Korean classic toilets, and 1 in well. There were differences in the concentrations of electolytes between fresh and salt water submersion. Near-drowning occurred most commonly in summer, but it could be observed all the year round, because of the geographical factor of Chinju. Among 61 cases, 49 cases recovered without significant neurologic sequalae and 12 cases died or survived with severe anoxic encephalopathy. Poor prognostic factors were Glasgow coma scale (GCS) less than 5, body temperature less than 36.0degrees C, initial arterial pH less than 7.10, serum glucose over 300mg/dL, AST and/or ALT over 50IU/L, presence of early convulsion, presence of chest X-ray abnormalities, and need for an artificial ventilation. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood near-drowning accidents are more frequently observed in Chinju than expected in any other province of Korea. We found that known poor prognostic factors for death or severe neurologic sequalae also were operating in our study population. Preventive measures against drowning and near-drowning through school and local education programs seems to be the most important strategy. If submersion victim is found, a quick appropriate extensive cardiopulmonary resuscitation is important to prevent the death or neurologic sequalae.
Blood Glucose ; Body Temperature ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Child ; Drowning ; Education ; Female ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Gyeongsangnam-do* ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hypoxia, Brain ; Immersion ; Korea ; Motor Vehicles ; Near Drowning* ; Ponds ; Prognosis ; Rivers ; Seasons ; Seizures ; Swimming Pools ; Thorax ; Ventilation ; Water

No abstract available.
Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Spasms, Infantile*

Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a rare condition that can cause irreversible brain damage during the neonatal period owing to the associated hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia in CHI occurs secondary to the dysregulation of insulin secretion. CHI has been established as a genetic disorder of islet-cell hyperplasia, associated with a mutation of the ABCC8 or KCNJ11 genes, which encode the sulfonylurea receptor 1 and the inward rectifying potassium channel (Kir6.2) subunit of the ATP-sensitive potassium channel, respectively. We report the case of a female newborn infant who presented with repetitive seizures and episodes of apnea after birth, because of hypoglycemia. Investigations revealed hypoglycemia with hyperinsulinemia, but no ketone bodies, and a low level of free fatty acids. High dose glucose infusion, enteral feeding, and medications could not maintain the patient's serum glucose level. Genetic testing revealed a new variation of ABCC8 mutation. Therefore, we report this case of CHI caused by a novel mutation of ABCC8 in a half-Korean newborn infant with diazoxide-unresponsive hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia.
Apnea ; Blood Glucose ; Brain ; Congenital Hyperinsulinism* ; Enteral Nutrition ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified ; Female ; Genetic Testing ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hyperinsulinism ; Hyperplasia ; Hypoglycemia ; Infant, Newborn ; Insulin ; Ketone Bodies ; Parturition ; Potassium Channels ; Seizures

Exercise is one of the most ubiquitous triggers of acute bouts of asthma. Late asthmatic responses(LARs) have been described following strenuous exercise, as in allergen-induced asthma. However, most studies have reported that airway responsiveness is not increased after exercise, even in subjects with LAR to exercise. This suggests that LAR after exercise may not be associated with inflammatory changes in the airways. We have frequently seen asthmatic children whose complaint is that symptoms are exacerbated at night after strenuous daytime exercise. Furthermore, airway responsiveness to allergen was reported to increase after LAR to exercise. Therefore, it is crucial to know whether exercise can induce airway inflammation, as in allergen-induced asthma. As an indirect measure to investigate it, we measured the activation status of eosinophil granulocyte in the peripheral blood during the early and late phase of exercise- or allergen-induced asthma. Eight subjects who showed early asthmatic response(EAR) and LAR(group 1), or EAR only (group 2) to allergen (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) challenge were selected. Similarly eight subjects who showed EAR and LAR(group 3), or EAR only (group 4) to exercise were selected. Blood samples were drawn at baseline, the early phase, the late phase, and 24 hours after each stimuli. Eosinofphil cationic protein (ECP) was measured in the serum. Eosinophil granulocytes were separated and the production of leukotriene C4 (LTC4) from purified eosinophfis was measured after stimulation with the calciumionophore. Serum levels of ECP were unchanged at EAR after allergen or exercise challenge. In the dual responder to allergen (group 1), serum ECP level was elevated at LAR and 24 hours after allergen challenge, as compared with the baseline level. On the other hand, in the dual responder to exercise (group 3), it remained unaltered up to 24 hours after exercise challenge. Eosinophils at EAR after allergen or exercise challenge in each group generated the similar amounts of LTC4 as baseline values. In group 1, the production of LTC4 was slightly increased though not significantly at LAR, and significantly increased 24 hours after allergen challenge. In group 3, it was increased significantly at LAR, but restored to the baseline values at 24 hours after exercise challenge. These results indicate that not only allergen but also exercise can activate eosinophils in accordance with LAR. The present findings suggest that LAR to exercise may also have the potential to induce airway eosinophilic inflammation although its duration may be shorter than that of LAR to allergen. Therefore exercise should be understood not only as a triggering factor of bronchoconstriction but also as one that incites or deteriorates airway inflammation.
Asthma* ; Bronchoconstriction ; Child ; Ear ; Eosinophils* ; Granulocytes ; Hand ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Leukotriene C4

No abstract available.
Humans ; Smoke* ; Smoking*

No abstract available.
Female ; HELLP Syndrome* ; Pregnancy*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify the predictive factors in the early laboratory findings for cardiac sequelae in Kawasaki disease(KD). METHODES: A retrospective review of the records was conducted of all children with KD who were admitted to the Ulsan Dongkang General Hospital, Masan Samsung Hospital, and Gyeongsang National University Hospital between January 1995 and December 1999. We analyzed and compared the early laboratory findings between the patients with and without coronary artery dilatation. RESULTS: A total of 981 patients were divided into two groups : 826 patients(84.3%) with normal coronary artery and 155 patients(15.7%) with coronary artery dilatation. Age and sex were not significantly different between the two groups. The mean serum C-reactive protein(CRP) in the coronary artery dilatation group and in the normal coronary artery group were 5.0 mg/dl(+/-5.3) and 4.1 mg/dl(+/-5.0), respectively, with a significant difference(P<0.05), whereas the other early laboratory findings had no difference between the groups. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the early serum CRP was higher in patients with KD who had coronary artery dilatation than in those with normal coronary artery. There may be a strong possibility of cardiac sequelae at a high level of serum CRP. However, the cut-off value of serum CRP could not be determined for the prediction of cardiac sequelae in patients with KD.
Child ; Coronary Vessels ; Dilatation ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* ; Retrospective Studies ; Staphylococcal Protein A* ; Ulsan

That rotavirus infection can cause neurological symptoms in young children has been well established. However, it is surprising why rotavirus infection has been overlooked as a cause of neonatal seizures for many years, despite significant research interest in neonatal rotavirus infection. Neonates are the age group most vulnerable to seizures, which are typically attributed to a wide range of causes. By contrast, because rotavirus infection is usually asymptomatic, it has been difficult to identify an association between this virus and neonatal seizures. The conventional wisdom has been that, although neonates are commonly infected with rotavirus, neurological complications are rare in this age. However, recent studies using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) have suggested a connection between rotavirus infection and neonatal seizures and that rotavirus infection can induce diffuse white matter injury without direct invasion of the central nervous system. The clinical features of white matter injury in rotavirus-infected neonates include the onset of seizures at days 4–6 of life in apparently healthy term infants. The recent findings seem to contradict the conventional wisdom. However, white matter injury might not be a completely new aspect of rotavirus infection in neonates, considering the forgotten clinical entity of neonatal seizures, 'fifth day fits'. With increased use of DWI in neonatal seizures, we are just starting to understand connection between viral infection and white matter injury in neonates. In this review, we discuss the historical aspects of rotavirus infection and neonatal seizures. We also present the clinical features of white matter injury in neonatal rotavirus infection.
Central Nervous System ; Child ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Rotavirus Infections* ; Rotavirus* ; Seizures ; White Matter*