This paper shows anthropometric differences among four regions of urban community using Korean anthropometric data surveyed in 1992. The anthropometric data include 84 measurements of Korean aged 12~50. The principal component analysis reduce 84 measures to five components. The discriminant analysis using these components is performed to observe the anthropometric differences among four regions : Seoul and Kyungki, Kangwon and Chungbuk, Chungnam and Ch lla, Kyungsang. The results on age groups (12~14, 15~17, 18~24, 25~50 ages) and city size (big city, medium city, small city) can be summarized as follows ; 1) In male aged 12~14 and 15~17, there are significant differences of anthropometry among four regions in all city size. But in another age groups (18~24 and 25~50 ages), these are not significant differences of anthropometry among four regions except medium city. 2) In female, there are significant differences of anthropometry in all city sloe in aged 18~24 and 25~50 and in medium city in aged 15~17. however, there are not significant differences in aged 12~14 and 15-17.
Anthropometry ; Chungcheongbuk-do ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Discriminant Analysis ; Female ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Male ; Principal Component Analysis ; Seoul

PURPOSE: Drowning is the second most common cause of accidental death in children, exceeded only by motor vehicle accidents. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the prognostic factors of near-drowning in children, such as age, sex, season, site of submersion, and initial clinical or laboratory manifestrations, and to formulate preventive strategies for decreasing injuries by drowning. METHODS: Sixty-one near-drowning children who were admitted to Gyeongsang National Hospital from January, 1988 to August, 1996, were identified. A review of the medical charts provided information concerning the submersion accidents. RESULTS: Boys had a greater risk of submersion than girls (m=42, F=19). The peak age of 1 to 4 years is consistent with the known propensity of toddlers for accidents. Submersion occurred 21 in the sea, 14 in rivers, 7 in bathtubs, 6 in puddles, 3 in ponds, 3 in swimming pools, 2 in valleys, 2 in water tanks, 2 in Korean classic toilets, and 1 in well. There were differences in the concentrations of electolytes between fresh and salt water submersion. Near-drowning occurred most commonly in summer, but it could be observed all the year round, because of the geographical factor of Chinju. Among 61 cases, 49 cases recovered without significant neurologic sequalae and 12 cases died or survived with severe anoxic encephalopathy. Poor prognostic factors were Glasgow coma scale (GCS) less than 5, body temperature less than 36.0degrees C, initial arterial pH less than 7.10, serum glucose over 300mg/dL, AST and/or ALT over 50IU/L, presence of early convulsion, presence of chest X-ray abnormalities, and need for an artificial ventilation. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood near-drowning accidents are more frequently observed in Chinju than expected in any other province of Korea. We found that known poor prognostic factors for death or severe neurologic sequalae also were operating in our study population. Preventive measures against drowning and near-drowning through school and local education programs seems to be the most important strategy. If submersion victim is found, a quick appropriate extensive cardiopulmonary resuscitation is important to prevent the death or neurologic sequalae.
Blood Glucose ; Body Temperature ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Child ; Drowning ; Education ; Female ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Gyeongsangnam-do* ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hypoxia, Brain ; Immersion ; Korea ; Motor Vehicles ; Near Drowning* ; Ponds ; Prognosis ; Rivers ; Seasons ; Seizures ; Swimming Pools ; Thorax ; Ventilation ; Water

No abstract available.
Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Spasms, Infantile*

As the incidence of acute myocardial infarction been increasing with prolongation of life spans, improvement in foods and life styles in Korea, rapid diagnosis and treatment is critical in survival of acute myocardial infarction patient. Most of the acute myocardial infarction result from atherosclerotic plaque forming thrombus and occlusion of coronary artery. Because early thrombolytic therapy is important to maintain the left ventricular function and survival rate, there have been many trials to reperfuse the occluded coronary artery. We have studied the many aspects of acute myocardial infarction such as sex, age, infarction site, chief complaints, change of ECG, change of serum enzyme, time delay on emergency room arrival, and compared the effectiveness of thrombolytic therapy. Total number of patient was 212, and males were 141(66.5%) and females were 71(33.5%). The most common infarction site was ant, fuel wall(102 cases,48%)of the heart and the most common chief complaint was chest pain(204 cases,97%). Among the 106 patients who received thrombolytic therapy, 101 patients(95%) had survived and 5 patients(5%) had died. Among the 64 patients who didn't receive thrombolytic therapy, 56 patients (87.5%) were alived and 8 patients(12.5%) were dead.
Ants ; Coronary Vessels ; Diagnosis* ; Electrocardiography ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infarction ; Korea ; Life Style ; Life Support Care ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; Survival Rate ; Thorax ; Thrombolytic Therapy ; Thrombosis ; Ventricular Function, Left

Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a rare condition that can cause irreversible brain damage during the neonatal period owing to the associated hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia in CHI occurs secondary to the dysregulation of insulin secretion. CHI has been established as a genetic disorder of islet-cell hyperplasia, associated with a mutation of the ABCC8 or KCNJ11 genes, which encode the sulfonylurea receptor 1 and the inward rectifying potassium channel (Kir6.2) subunit of the ATP-sensitive potassium channel, respectively. We report the case of a female newborn infant who presented with repetitive seizures and episodes of apnea after birth, because of hypoglycemia. Investigations revealed hypoglycemia with hyperinsulinemia, but no ketone bodies, and a low level of free fatty acids. High dose glucose infusion, enteral feeding, and medications could not maintain the patient's serum glucose level. Genetic testing revealed a new variation of ABCC8 mutation. Therefore, we report this case of CHI caused by a novel mutation of ABCC8 in a half-Korean newborn infant with diazoxide-unresponsive hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia.
Apnea ; Blood Glucose ; Brain ; Congenital Hyperinsulinism* ; Enteral Nutrition ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified ; Female ; Genetic Testing ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hyperinsulinism ; Hyperplasia ; Hypoglycemia ; Infant, Newborn ; Insulin ; Ketone Bodies ; Parturition ; Potassium Channels ; Seizures

Exercise is one of the most ubiquitous triggers of acute bouts of asthma. Late asthmatic responses(LARs) have been described following strenuous exercise, as in allergen-induced asthma. However, most studies have reported that airway responsiveness is not increased after exercise, even in subjects with LAR to exercise. This suggests that LAR after exercise may not be associated with inflammatory changes in the airways. We have frequently seen asthmatic children whose complaint is that symptoms are exacerbated at night after strenuous daytime exercise. Furthermore, airway responsiveness to allergen was reported to increase after LAR to exercise. Therefore, it is crucial to know whether exercise can induce airway inflammation, as in allergen-induced asthma. As an indirect measure to investigate it, we measured the activation status of eosinophil granulocyte in the peripheral blood during the early and late phase of exercise- or allergen-induced asthma. Eight subjects who showed early asthmatic response(EAR) and LAR(group 1), or EAR only (group 2) to allergen (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) challenge were selected. Similarly eight subjects who showed EAR and LAR(group 3), or EAR only (group 4) to exercise were selected. Blood samples were drawn at baseline, the early phase, the late phase, and 24 hours after each stimuli. Eosinofphil cationic protein (ECP) was measured in the serum. Eosinophil granulocytes were separated and the production of leukotriene C4 (LTC4) from purified eosinophfis was measured after stimulation with the calciumionophore. Serum levels of ECP were unchanged at EAR after allergen or exercise challenge. In the dual responder to allergen (group 1), serum ECP level was elevated at LAR and 24 hours after allergen challenge, as compared with the baseline level. On the other hand, in the dual responder to exercise (group 3), it remained unaltered up to 24 hours after exercise challenge. Eosinophils at EAR after allergen or exercise challenge in each group generated the similar amounts of LTC4 as baseline values. In group 1, the production of LTC4 was slightly increased though not significantly at LAR, and significantly increased 24 hours after allergen challenge. In group 3, it was increased significantly at LAR, but restored to the baseline values at 24 hours after exercise challenge. These results indicate that not only allergen but also exercise can activate eosinophils in accordance with LAR. The present findings suggest that LAR to exercise may also have the potential to induce airway eosinophilic inflammation although its duration may be shorter than that of LAR to allergen. Therefore exercise should be understood not only as a triggering factor of bronchoconstriction but also as one that incites or deteriorates airway inflammation.
Asthma* ; Bronchoconstriction ; Child ; Ear ; Eosinophils* ; Granulocytes ; Hand ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Leukotriene C4

No abstract available.
Humans ; Smoke* ; Smoking*

No abstract available.
Female ; HELLP Syndrome* ; Pregnancy*

We experienced two cases of congenital localized skin defect and neonatal onset of relapsing subepidermal blisters associated with minor trauma in a female newborn infant and her mother. The mother of index case showed toe nail dystrophy at delivery of her daughter, but the index case did not reveal nail dystrophy until 14 months of age. The congenital skin defects healed with hypopigment, and mild atrophic scars and relapsing blisters healed without scars in both mother and daughter. These cases were considered as hereditary Bart's syndrome with respects to family history, clinical manifestations and histopathological findings.
Blister ; Cicatrix ; Epidermolysis Bullosa ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Mothers* ; Nuclear Family* ; Skin ; Toes

A 17-years old woman with a combination of unilateral pheochromocytoma and an asymptomatic islet cell tumor of the pancreas is presented. The unusual coincidence of pheochromocytoma and pancreatic islet cell tumor in the patient is of interest as a possible crossover between MEN I and MEN II. It has been suggested that MEN I represents an abnormality of the APUD(amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation) cells of ectodermal origin. However, the possibility of a common progenitor cell in the neural crest for all APUD cells has been suggested by Pearse and Polak(1971). Recent clinical reports suggest that overlap between the two syndroms may occur. The overlapping of elements of the classical endocrine neoplasia should alert clinicians to the possibility of such associations in any particular patients. Since islet cell tumors may occur in association with pheochromocytomas and may be clinically silent, exploration of the pancreas during surgery for pheochromocytomas would seem to be useful.
Adenoma, Islet Cell ; Adolescent ; APUD Cells ; Ectoderm ; Female ; Humans ; Islets of Langerhans* ; Male ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a ; Neural Crest ; Pancreas ; Pheochromocytoma* ; Pyrus ; Stem Cells