No abstract available.
Nuchal Cord* ; Ultrasonography*

Epidemiological evidence suggests that human papillomavirus(HPV) infection is a high risk factor for the development of oral cancers. Many oncogenes, especially p53 suppressor gene, have a critical role of carcinogenesis in several human cancers including oral cancers. To investigate the prevalence of HPV infection and subtyping of high risk group(HPV-16, -18 and -33) HPV in oral cancers, the author studied 31 cases of squamous cell carcinomas arising from the oral cavity using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The author also demonstrated the overexpression of p53 oncoprotein in the oral cancers using immunohistochemical methods. The correlation between HPVs infection and p53 overexpression in tumorigenesis of the oral cancers was evaluated. 1. Twenty-one cases(66.7%) among 31 cases of oral squamous cell carcinomas were positive for HPV-DNA. Among them, 16 cases were positive for HPV-16, 4 cases for HPV-18, and 2 cases for HPV-33. Two cases were coinfected with HPV-16 and HPV-18, and HPV-18 and HPV-33. 2. The prevalence of HPV infection appeared not correlated with tumor differentiation and clinical stages of oral squamous cell carcinomas. 3. The overexpression of p53 oncoprotein was present in 24 of 31 cases(77% ). In 21 HPV positive tumors 18 cases were positive for overexpression of p53 oncoprotein. Six cases were positive for p53 in ten HPV negative tumors. There was no correlation between HPV DNA detection rate and p53 overexpression. The above results suggest that HPV infection and p53 oncogene mutation play different roles in tumorigenesis of oral squamous cell carcinomas. No coexpression of p53 oncoprotein with HPV-DNA detection suggests that another etiologic mechanism other than HPV infection may be operative.
Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; DNA ; Genes, Suppressor ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; Human papillomavirus 18 ; Humans* ; Mouth Neoplasms ; Mouth* ; Oncogenes ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors

BACKGROUND: Contact immunotherapy using diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) has been used in the treatment of alopecia and warts. DPCP seemed to be a promising agent for viral disease including molluscum contagiosum (MCI). OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of DPCP immunotherapy on MC in children. METHODS: Twenty three patients with multiple lesion of MC were treated with DPCP immunotherapy. RESULTS: Twelve patients (52.2%) showed cure, and eleven patients (47.8%) showed treatment failure. No severe side effects were seen. CONCLUSION: DPCP immunotherapy may be an effective treatment in children with MC without serious side effects.
Alopecia ; Child ; Humans ; Immunotherapy* ; Molluscum Contagiosum* ; Treatment Failure ; Virus Diseases ; Warts

No abstract available.
Female ; Fibronectins* ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced* ; Plasma* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy*

A coffee enema, which has been suggested as a part of cancer treatment, is a hazardous derivative of colon therapy and has been misused as a treatment for obesity and constipation among the general population. Its proponents claim that caffeine is absorbed in the colon and leads to vasodilatation in the liver, which in turn enhances the process of elimination of toxins. None of this is proven, nor is there any evidence for the clinical efficacy of coffee enemas. We experienced a patient who presented with abdominal pain and bloody stool after receiving a coffee enema to relieve constipation. We report this case of coffee-associated colitis with a review of the relevant literature.
Abdominal Pain ; Caffeine ; Coffee ; Colitis ; Colon ; Constipation ; Enema ; Humans ; Liver ; Obesity ; Vasodilation

No abstract available.
Echocardiography* ; Heart Defects, Congenital* ; Prenatal Diagnosis*

PURPOSE: To compare the pullout strength and insertion torque of proximally tapered screw (PT) with fully tapered screw (FT) and to investigate the correlation between the pullout strength and bone mineral density, morphology of pedicle, and insertion torque of the screw in osteoporotic lumbar spine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen osteoporotic lumbar vertebrae from four white human cadavers were used. Bone mineral density, pullout strength and insertion torque were measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, MTS and torque screw driver individually. RESULTS: The FT screw provided greater pullout force and insertion torque than the PT screw in 12 of 15 vertebrae tested (p<0.01). Pullout strength was correlated with insertion torque in PT (r=0.666, P=0.0006) and FT (r=0.464, P=0.19) screws. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study indicate that the FT screws provide higher pullout strength and insertion torque than PT screws in osteoporotic lumbar spine and suggest that the development of tapered minor diameter may lead to an improved pedicle screw with high pullout strength and insertion torque. Nevertheless, further study is needed to investigate the effect of tapering the minor diameter on the mechanical bending strength of the screw.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Bone Density ; Cadaver ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Spine* ; Torque

PURPOSE: To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) in diabetic macular edema (DME) patients and macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) patients after intravitreal preservative-free Triamcinolone injection.METHODS: This study included 36 patients diagnosed with DME and 44 patients diagnosed with BRVO with macular edema. Both groups were treated with intravitreal preservative-free Triamcinolone (Maqaid®, Wakamoto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) injection, and we compared the IOPs of the two groups determined before injection and at 1, 2, 3, and 6 months after injection. We also compared the IOP elevation ratios and durations, and central foveal thickness (CFT) changes using optical coherence tomography.RESULTS: In both groups, there was no statistical significance in the IOP before injection and at 1, 2, 3, and 6 months after injection. However, the IOP elevation ratio in the DME patients (38.9%) was significantly higher than that in the BRVO patients (15.9%) (p = 0.02). The duration of IOP elevation in the DME patients (1.14 ± 1.85 months) was significantly longer than that in the BRVO patients (0.30 ± 1.20 months) (p = 0.03). When the IOP was not controlled, we used IOP-lowering agents, and two patients in the DME were treated with glaucoma surgery. There was no statistical significance in the CFT before injection and at 1, 2, or 3 months after injection between the two groups (p = 0.72, p = 0.26, p = 0.66, p = 0.34, respectively). However, the CFT after 6 months was 328 ± 103 µm in the DME group and 434 ± 189 µm in the BRVO; this difference was significant (p < 0.01).CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal injection of preservative-free Triamcinolone was effective in the treatment of both DME patients and macular edema patients associated with BRVO. Furthermore, Triamcinolone was more safely injected in macular edema associated with BRVO patients than in DME patients.
Glaucoma ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Intravitreal Injections ; Macular Edema ; Retinal Vein Occlusion ; Retinal Vein ; Retinaldehyde ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Triamcinolone

No abstract available.
Amnion* ; Dinoprostone*

The effect of betaxolol and dipivefrin on microcirculation of peripapil lary reina and optic disc in normal tension glaucoma was assessed. Betaxolol, selective beta-1 blocker, was known to improve the blood flow of retrobulbar arteries, and dipivefrin was known to decrease the flow of ciliary body. Total subjects were 29 normal tension glaucoma patients; 18 subjects with no previous IOP reducing eye drops during 4 weeks were assigned for betaxolol group, and 11 subjects with using timolol for dipivefrin group. The intraocular pressure was significantly reduced after instillation in betaxolol group(p<0.01), and in dipivefrin group(p<0.05). But systemic blood pressure and pulse rate were not changed after instillations in both groups. Blood flow, volume, velocity of optic disc and peripapillary retina of betaxolol group and dipivafrin group were not significantly changed. From the above results, we concluded that betaxolol and dipiverin with timolol did not influenced the microcirculation of peripapillary retina and opit disc.
Arteries ; Betaxolol* ; Blood Pressure ; Ciliary Body ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Low Tension Glaucoma* ; Microcirculation ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Optic Disk* ; Optic Nerve* ; Retina ; Retinaldehyde* ; Timolol