Panniculitis, Lupus Erythematosus*

Congenital immature teratoma of the tongue is a exceedingly rare form of epignathus. We report here an autopsy case of a huge immature teratoma protruding from the tongue of a newborn female infant. The mass obstructed the mouth and caused hydramnios. The mother's serum level of alpha-fetoprotein was elevated, and the tumor was identified by a ultrasonogram subsequently done. Discussion on the histogenesis of epignathus was made through a review of literatures.
Infant ; Male ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans

No abstract available.
Arthrography* ; Wrist*

BACKGROUND: Benzoic acid contained in some food can hinder the biological monitoring of hippuric acid in urine, which is frequently used as an exposure index of toluene and xylene. METHOD: 20 male examinees who are not exposed to organic solvents in their jobs were given a bottle of drink containing benzoic acid(70 mg/dl) and took it. Urine samples were taken from every person just before, in 1.5 hrs after, and in 3 hrs after taking the drink. Hippuric acid in urine was analyzed with improved Ogata and Taguchi method and creatinine with Jaffe method. RESULT: Mean hippuric acid concentrations in urine just before, in 1.5 hrs after, and in 3 hrs after taking the drink were 0.59+/-0.21 g/g creatinine, 2.75+/-0.98 g/g creatinine, 1.04+/-0.58 g/g creatinine, respectively. And, each group had statistically significant differences (p<0.01). There were no statistically significant differences between two groups categorized by age, smoking, and drinking. CONCLUSION: From the results, we suggest that when hippuric acid concentration in urine is used as a exposure index of toluene, it should be surveyed whether the food containing benzoic acid was taken or not.
Benzoic Acid* ; Creatinine ; Drinking ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Male ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Solvents ; Toluene ; Xylenes

PURPOSE: The Singh index which is based on a plain radiograph has commonly used in assessing the grade of osteoporosis. We studied value of the Singh index in assessing the grade of osteoporosis by obtaining reliability of the Singh index and correlation between the Singh index and bone mineral density. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six observers assessed radiographs of 60 patients suspected osteoporosis. The interobserver and intraobserver agreement of the Singh index were obtained by using kappa statistics. The bone mineral density of proximal femur was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in all patients, and then the results of bone mineral density were compared with those of Singh index by using percentage of variance. RESULTS: The kappa values of interobserver agreement ranged from 0.28 to 0.76 (mean value: 0.45) and the strength of the agreement was moderate. The percentage of variance of BMD which was explained by Singh index was 7.1%. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that the Singh index has low clinical value in assessing the grade of osteoporosis
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Bone Density ; Femur ; Humans ; Osteoporosis*

Purpose: To retrospectively analyze the relative frequency and describe the clinical features of sagging eye syndrome in Korean patients from a single center. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients with diplopia, aged over 40 years, who visited Chosun University Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020. The relative frequency of sagging eye syndrome was examined by classifying the cause of diplopia. Clinical features, such as age, sex, strabismus type, angle of deviation, treatment method, and prognosis were evaluated. Results: A total of 128 patients were identified, of which 23 (18%) were diagnosed with sagging eye syndrome, including 12 male patients (52.2%) and 11 female patients (47.9%). Their mean age was 74.6 ± 7.6 years (range, 61–89 years), and all patients were over 60 years. Among the 62 patients with diplopia and age over 60 years, the relative frequency of sagging eye syndrome was 23 (37.1%), the highest among all age groups. Among the 23 patients with sagging eye syndrome, nine patients (39.1%) had only distance esotropia, with a mean distance esotropia value of 10.1 ± 8.6 prism diopters (PD) (range, 4–25 PD) at the first visit; nine patients (39.1%) had a combination of esotropia and vertical strabismus, with a mean esotropia value of 6.2 ± 4.8 PD (range, 2–12 PD) and a vertical angle of 4.7± 3.2 PD (range, 2–10 PD); and five patients (21.7%) had only vertical strabismus, with an average vertical strabismus angle of 3.3 ± 1.6 PD (range, 4–8 PD). Furthermore, 17 out of 23 patients (73.9%) used prism glasses, in whom the symptoms of diplopia disappeared. Finally, only three patients (13.0%) underwent surgery. Conclusions Sagging eye syndrome in Korean patients was identified in those over 60 years with a similar male-to-female ratio. Moreover, nonsurgical treatments, such as prism glasses, largely helped relieve the symptoms of sagging eye syndrome.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical aspects of transient myopia after blunt eye trauma. Methods: The medical records of 32 patients treated at our hospital for from 2020 to 2022 traumatic microhyphema were analyzed retrospectively. The visual acuity, intraocular pressure, anterior chamber cells, anterior chamber depth, axial length, lens thickness, and refractive index were analyzed immediately after injury and after treatment. Patients with additional diseases such as vitreous and retinal hemorrhage, traumatic retinal detachment, iridodialysis, or orbital fracture were excluded. Correlations between the myopic changes and the amount of myopic refractive change caused by trauma were analyzed. Results: The 32 patients included 24 (75%) males and 8 (25%) females. The average myopic change was -3.03 ± 0.92 (range -1.00 to -5.25) diopters (D). The average change in anterior chamber depth due to trauma was -0.22 ± 0.11 mm, the change in lens diameter was 0.20 ± 0.09 mm, and the change in axial length was -0.07 ± 0.05 mm. The average change in refractive index due to ciliary spasm was -1.63 ± 0.65 D. The correlations between the change in refractive index and anterior chamber depth (r = 0.475, p = 0.008), traumatic ciliary spasm (r = 0.649, p < 0.001), and lens thickness (r = -0.184, p = 0.330) were determined. Conclusions Factors such as ciliary spasm, change in the anterior chamber depth, anterior shift of the lens-iris diaphragm, and increased lens thickness affect the myopic changes caused by trauma. Of these, a shallower anterior chamber depth and ciliary spasm are highly correlated with the transient myopic changes.

Endoscopic variceal ligation(EVL) is effective in both emergent and elective treatment of esophageal varices and can be used as a safe alternative to sclerotherapy. However, as yet no transparent ligating device is widely available, the endoscopic view through the present commercial ligating device is so narrow that it is often difficult to both approach the target and accurately define and position the bleeding site. To assess the benifit of transparent EVL device, total 143 patients, 632 sessions, underwent EVL treatment. In 545 sessions the non-transparent, conventional-type ligating devices (Stigmann-Goff ligating devices) were used, whereas in 87 sessions the transparent ligating devices used. 35 patients underwent EVL under active bleeding conditions; in 29 patients a conventional ligation devices, whereas in 6 patients a transparent ligating devices were used. The remaining l08 patients were either electively treated by EVL. The visual fields decreased to 20-30% with the conventional devices, but no change of visual fields were noted with the transparent devices. In electively treated cases by EVL, the times need to ligate one band were not significantly different in the conventional devices (average, 18.5 sec) compared with that in the transparent devices (average, 16.7 sec), but in active bleeding conditions it took a significantly longer times in the conventional devices (mean, 30.7 sec) compared with that in the transparent devices (average, 19.4 sec). The hemostatic success rates in active bleeding conditions were 89.7%(26/29) using the conventional devices, 100%(6/6) using the transparent devices. In conclusion this newly developed transparent ligating device provides an improved visual field and shortens ligating time, especially in active bleeding condition. Therefore EVL using transparent device is more effective method in treatment of esophageal varices, especially active bleeding conditions.
Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Ligation* ; Sclerotherapy ; Visual Fields

OBJECTIVE: Hyperuricemia is known as a risk factor that causes and worsens kidney diseases through a variety of mechanisms. Recent animal studies reported that the correction of hyperuricemia improved the renal function, but there have been few human studies. This study examined whether a hypouricemic treatment affects the renal function in Korean patients with gout. METHODS: Two hundred sixty-seven gout patients who were prescribed uric acid lowering agents for more than 1 year were enrolled at the Division of Rheumatology in the National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital and Yonsei University Severance Hospital from January 2005 to January 2010. The following were examined: the levels of serum uric acid and serum creatinine, the amount of 24-hour urine uric acid, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and abdominal ultrasound findings at baseline and follow-up. RESULTS: Mean age of the study subjects was 54.4+/-13.9 years. Two hundred forty-seven patients were male and 20 patients were female. The mean treatment duration was 35.0+/-19.5 months. Among the 267 patients, 219 and 19 patients received monotherapy with allopurinol and benzbromarone respectively, and 29 patients received combination therapy with allopurinol and benzbromarone. After the treatment with uric acid lowering agents, the serum uric acid and creatinine levels decreased significantly (8.05+/-1.96 mg/dL vs 6.16+/-1.46 mg/dL, p<0.001, 1.25+/-0.46 mg/dL vs 1.18+/-0.42 mg/dL, p=0.001, respectively) and the GFR increased significantly (74.4+/-27.0 mL/min/1.73 m3 vs 80.2+/-31.6 mL/min/1.73 m3, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Treatment with hypouricemic agents reduced the levels of serum uric acid and improved the renal function. These results suggest that a hypouricemic treatment might improve the kidney function in gout patients.
Allopurinol ; Animals ; Benzbromarone ; Creatinine ; Female ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Gout ; Humans ; Hyperuricemia ; Kidney ; Kidney Diseases ; Male ; National Health Programs ; Rheumatology ; Risk Factors ; Uric Acid

This study evaluated the effect of two different calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) paste removal techniques on the apical leakage of canals obturated with gutta percha cones and sealer after removing a Ca(OH)2 dressing using an electrochemical method. Seventy extracted single-rooted teeth were instrumented on with Profile rotary files under NaOCl irrigation. Fifty-eight canals were filled with calcium hydroxide paste, which was then removed using one of the following two techniques. In group A, calcium hydroxide was removed using only NaOCl irrigation, and in group B, the canals were re-prepared with a Profile rotary files-one size larger than the previous instrument and were irrigated with NaOCl. In both groups, the root surfaces were coated twice with nail varnish from CEJ to an area 4 mm away from the apex after canal obturation. Apical leakage was measured using an electrochemical method for 24 days. All the specimens showed leakage that increased markedly in the first three days. There was no significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). The effect of two calcium hydroxide paste removal techniques on the apical leakage was not different during a short period.
Bandages ; Calcium Hydroxide* ; Calcium* ; Gutta-Percha ; Paint ; Tooth ; Tooth Cervix