1.A Comparative Study of Gene Expression Patterns of Periodontal Ligament Cells and Gingival Fibroblasts using the cDNA Microarray.
Chai Young JEON ; Jin Woo PARK ; Jae Mok LEE ; Jo Young SUH
The Journal of the Korean Academy of Periodontology 2004;34(1):205-221
Periodontal ligament(PDL) cells have been known as playing an important roles in periodontal regeneration and gingival fibroblasts are also important to periodontal regeneration by forming connective tissue attachment. There were rare studies about the gene expression patterns of PDL cells and gingival fibroblasts, therefore in this study, we tried cDNA microarray-based gene expression monitoring to explain the functional differences of PDL cells and gingival fibroblasts in vivo and to confirm the characteristics of PDL cells. Total RNA were extracted from PDL cells and gingival fibroblasts of same person and same passages, and mRNA were isolated from the total RNA using Oligotex mRNA midi kit(Qiagen) and then fluorescent cDNA probe were prepared. And microarray hybridization were performed. The gene expression patterns of PDL cells and gingival fibroblasts were quite different. About 400 genes were expressed more highly in the PDL cells than gingival fibroblasts and about 300 genes were more highly expressed in the gingival fibroblasts than PDL cells. Compared growth factor- and growth factor receptor-related gene expression patterns of PDL cells with gingival fibroblasts, IGF-2, IGF-2 associated protein, nerve growth factor, placental bone morphogenic protein, neuron-specific growth- associated protein, FGF receptor, EGF receptor-related gene and PDGF receptor were more highly expressed in the PDL cells than gingival fibroblasts. The results of collagen gene expression patterns showed that collagen type I, type III, type VI and type VII were more highly expressed in the PDL cells than gingival fibroblasts, and in the gingival fibroblasts collagen type V, XII were more highly expressed than PDL cells. The results of osteoblast-related gene expression patterns showed that osteoblast specific cysteine-rich protein were more highly expressed in the PDL cells than gingival fibroblasts. The results of cytoskeletal proteins gene expression patterns showed that alpha-smooth muscle actin, actin binding protein, smooth muscle myosin heavy chain homolog and myosin light chain were more highly expressed in the PDL cells than gingival fibrobalsts, and beta-actin, actin-capping protein(beta subunit), actin- related protein Arp3(ARP) and myosin class I(myh-1c) were more highly expressed in the gingival fibroblasts than PDL cells. Osteoprotegerin/osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor(OPG/OCIF) was more highly expressed in the PDL cells than gingival fibroblasts. According to the results of this study, PDL cells and gingival fibroblasts were quite different gene expression patterns though they are the fibroblast which have similar shape. Therefore PDL cells & gingival fibroblasts are heterogeneous populations which represent distinct characteristics. If more studies about genes that were differently expressed in each PDL cells & gingival fibroblasts would be performed in the future, it would be expected that the characteristics of PDL cells would be more clear.
Actins
;
Carrier Proteins
;
Collagen
;
Collagen Type I
;
Collagen Type V
;
Connective Tissue
;
Cytoskeletal Proteins
;
DNA, Complementary*
;
Epidermal Growth Factor
;
Fibroblasts*
;
Gene Expression Profiling
;
Gene Expression*
;
Humans
;
Insulin-Like Growth Factor II
;
Muscle, Smooth
;
Myosin Heavy Chains
;
Myosin Light Chains
;
Myosins
;
Nerve Growth Factor
;
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis*
;
Osteoblasts
;
Periodontal Ligament*
;
Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor
;
Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor
;
Regeneration
;
RNA
;
RNA, Messenger
2.Clinical analysis of malignant gastrointestinal obstruction in terminal cancer patients.
Do Ho MOON ; Soung Min JEON ; Na Ri LEE ; Kil Hyo PARK ; Byung Hyo CHA ; Chai Young LEE
Korean Journal of Medicine 2006;70(2):157-164
BACKGROUND: Untreated malignant gastrointestinal obstruction is rapidly fatal and causes various symptoms and malnutrition, and so decreases the quality of life and shortens the survival. We reviewed clinical characteristics and analyzed prognostic factors in terminal cancer patients with malignant gastrointestinal obstruction. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 63 patients with malignant gastrointestinal obstruction who had been confirmed by endoscopy or colonoscopy, upper gastrointestinal series or barium study and proper radiologic study at Sam Anyang hospital from May in 2002 to December in 2004. We excluded patients with palliative tumor resection. We analyzed prognostic factors for overall survival and symptom-free survival. RESULTS: There were 30 males (48%) and 33 females (52%), and median age of 63 patients was 64 years. The cause of malignant gastrointestinal obstruction was colorectal (26 patients, 41%), stomach (19, 30%), pancreas (4, 6%) and others (14, 23%). Twenty one patients (33%) had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 2 score and 42 patients (67%) 3 or 4 score. Forty two patients (67%) have been performed palliative procedures and 21 patients (33%) have not. Median survival of patients with palliative procedure was significantly higher than that of patients who have not been performed palliative procedures (144 days v 45 days, p=0.0001). By mutivariate analysis, palliative procedures and performance status were independent prognostic factors. However, age, gender, primary cancer, site of obstruction, and previous chemotherapy were not independent prognostic factors. Performance status was only independent prognostic factor that improves symptom free survival in patients with palliative procedures (p=0.014) and median symptom free survival was 90 days. There was no mortality on palliative procedures. CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed that palliative procedures and performance status are significant independent prognostic factors in terminal cancer patients with malignant gastrointestinal obstruction.
Barium
;
Colonoscopy
;
Drug Therapy
;
Endoscopy
;
Female
;
Gyeonggi-do
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Malnutrition
;
Medical Records
;
Mortality
;
Pancreas
;
Prognosis
;
Quality of Life
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Stomach
3.A Case of Sarcoidosis Presented with Myofasciitis.
Yeon Sil DO ; Jin Young LEE ; Hyung Jin KIM ; Eung Ho KIM ; Ji Young CHAI ; Chan Hong JEON ; Hoon Suk CHA ; Eun Mi KOH
The Journal of the Korean Rheumatism Association 2005;12(1):42-46
Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disorder of unknown cause. The isolated noduar type muscular sarcoidosis without other systemic involvement is very rare in Korea. We report a case of sarcoidosis presented with myofasciitis. A 46-year-old man visited hospital with painful nodular swelling on the right arm for 1 month. We performed a humerus MRI and it revealed irregular shaped subcutaneous mass infiltrating along the fascial plane. The biopsy of triceps mass showed non-caseating granuloma of muscle and fascia. To find out the cause of granuloma, we checked chest CT scan and found out some enlargement of mediastinal lymph nodes. The biopsy also demonstrated non-caseating granulomas. It had no cancerous component and culture for microorganisms were all negative. He was diagnosed as sarcoidosis and given NSAID. On follow up evaluation, the size of mass was decreased.
Arm
;
Biopsy
;
Fascia
;
Fasciitis
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Granuloma
;
Humans
;
Humerus
;
Korea
;
Lymph Nodes
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
;
Middle Aged
;
Myositis
;
Sarcoidosis*
;
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
4.Morphologic and Genetic Identification of Taenia Tapeworms in Tanzania and DNA Genotyping of Taenia solium.
Keeseon S EOM ; Jong Yil CHAI ; Tai Soon YONG ; Duk Young MIN ; Han Jong RIM ; Charles KIHAMIA ; Hyeong Kyu JEON
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2011;49(4):399-403
Species identification of Taenia tapeworms was performed using morphologic observations and multiplex PCR and DNA sequencing of the mitochondrial cox1 gene. In 2008 and 2009, a total of 1,057 fecal samples were collected from residents of Kongwa district of Dodoma region, Tanzania, and examined microscopically for helminth eggs and proglottids. Of these, 4 Taenia egg positive cases were identified, and the eggs were subjected to DNA analysis. Several proglottids of Taenia solium were recovered from 1 of the 4 cases. This established that the species were T. solium (n=1) and T. saginata (n=3). One further T. solium specimen was found among 128 fecal samples collected from Mbulu district in Arusha, and this had an intact strobila with the scolex. Phylegenetic analysis of the mtDNA cox1 gene sequences of these 5 isolates showed that T. saginata was basal to the T. solium clade. The mitochondrial cox1 gene sequences of 3 of these Tanzanian isolates showed 99% similarity to T. saginata, and the other 2 isolates showed 100% similarity to T. solium. The present study has shown that Taenia tapeworms are endemic in Kongwa district of Tanzania, as well as in a previously identified Mbulu district. Both T. solium isolates were found to have an "African/Latin American" genotype (cox1).
Adolescent
;
Adult
;
Animals
;
DNA, Helminth/chemistry/genetics
;
DNA, Mitochondrial/chemistry/genetics
;
Diagnosis, Differential
;
Feces/parasitology
;
Genotype
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
;
Phylogeny
;
Sequence Analysis, DNA
;
Species Specificity
;
Taenia saginata/classification/genetics/*isolation & purification
;
Taenia solium/classification/genetics/*isolation & purification
;
Taeniasis/*parasitology
;
Tanzania
5.Regulation of aggrecanase-1 and aggrecanase-2 expressions by hypoxia and cytokines in rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes.
Hyung Jin KIM ; Eun Kyung BAE ; Jinhee KIM ; Ji Young CHAI ; Chan Hong JEON ; Hoon Suk CHA ; Kwang Sung AHN ; Eun Mi KOH
Korean Journal of Medicine 2006;71(2):182-188
BACKGROUND: While aggrecanases (aggrecanase-1 and aggrecanase-2) are substantially responsible for cartilage aggrecan breakdown in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), not much information is available on the regulation or expression of the two key aggrecanases in rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). The aim of this study is to determine the effect of hypoxia and several cytokines on the expression of the aggrecanases in rheumatoid FLS. METHODS: FLS obtained from RA patients were cultured under hypoxic condition for 24 hours. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays for mRNA expression of aggrecanase-1 and aggrecanase-2 were performed on FLS cultured under hypoxia. Additionally, to see the effect of various cytokines, same experiments were conducted after treating FLS with IL-1beta, IL-6, EGF, TGF-beta and TNF-alpha, compared with control. RESULTS: Hypoxia significantly increased both aggrecanase-1 and -2 mRNA expression in rheumatoid FLS compared with normoxia. IL-1beta, IL-6, EGF, TGF-beta and TNF-alpha upregulated the mRNA expression of aggrecanase-1. Both EGF and TGF-beta upregulated the mRNA expression of aggrecanase-2, but TNF-alpha significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of aggrecanase-2. CONCLUSIONS: These results showed upregulation of aggrecanase-1 and -2 by hypoxia and differential regulation of aggrecanase-1 and -2 by various cytokines in rheumatoid FLS. It suggests that hypoxia and cytokines enhance the aggrecanase activity of RA FLS and contribute to joint destruction.
Aggrecans
;
Anoxia*
;
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
;
Cartilage
;
Cytokines*
;
Epidermal Growth Factor
;
Humans
;
Interleukin-6
;
Joints
;
Polymerase Chain Reaction
;
RNA, Messenger
;
Transforming Growth Factor beta
;
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
;
Up-Regulation
6.Quantitative Analysis of Myosin Heavy Chain Expression Change in Laryngeal Muscle after Irradiation in Rats.
Jin Pyeong KIM ; Roza KHALMURATOVA ; Sea Yuong JEON ; Jung Je PARK ; Dong Gu HUR ; Seong Ki AHN ; Seung Hoon WOO ; Ki Mun KANG ; Gyu Young CHAI
Yonsei Medical Journal 2011;52(1):158-164
PURPOSE: Radiotherapy for head and neck cancer does not impair the voice quality as much as laser treatment or surgery, but it can induce muscle wasting and fibrosis and symptoms of dry mouth. We investigated the effect of irradiation on the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) expression in laryngeal muscles. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rats were irradiated with one dose of 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, or 35 Gy and other rats were irradiated with 20 Gy. The thyroarytenoid (TA), posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA), and cricothyroid (CT) muscles were subjected to reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: Two weeks after irradiation with 10, 15, or 20 Gy, all the MyHC type expressions had decreased in a dose-dependent manner in the TA, PCA, and CT muscles, and especially the expression of MyHC IIa decreased much more than the expressions of the other MyHC isoforms in all muscles. In the 20 Gy-irradiated rats, almost all the MyHC isoform expressions declined over 12 weeks in the TA, PCA, and CT muscles, except for the MyHC I expression in the PCA and CT muscle. The MyHC IIa expression was markedly decreased in all the muscles. CONCLUSION: The laryngeal muscles responded differently to radiation, but they showed a time-dependent and long-lasting decrease in the expressions of all the MyHC isoforms in the TA, PCA, and CT muscles. In particular, the expression of the MyHC IIa isoform in all the muscles may be more sensitive to irradiation than the expressions of the other MyHC isoforms.
Animals
;
Body Weight/radiation effects
;
Gene Expression/radiation effects
;
Laryngeal Muscles/*metabolism/*radiation effects
;
Myosin Heavy Chains/*metabolism
;
Protein Isoforms/*metabolism
;
Rats
;
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
;
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
7.Human Neurocysticercosis Case and an Endemic Focus of Taenia solium in Lao PDR.
Hyeong Kyu JEON ; Tai Soon YONG ; Woon Mok SOHN ; Jong Yil CHAI ; Duk Young MIN ; Han Jong RIM ; Bounnaloth INSISIENGMAY ; Keeseon S EOM
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2013;51(5):599-602
A male patient with neurocysticercosis was identified in Montai Village, Xay District, Oudomxay Province, Lao PDR in February 2004. He had a history of diagnosis for neurocysticercosis by a CT scan in Thailand after an onset of epileptic seizure in 1993. A pig in the same district was found to contain Taenia solium metacestodes (=cysticerci); the slaughtered pig body contained more than 2,000 cysticerci. In addition to morphological identification, molecular identification was also performed on the cysticerci by DNA sequencing analysis of the mitochondrial cox1 gene; they were confirmed as T. solium metacestodes. The patient is regarded as an indigenous case of neurocysticercosis infected in an endemic focus of T. solium taeniasis/cysticercosis in Oudomxay Province, Lao PDR.
Animals
;
Cysticercus
;
Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics
;
Humans
;
Laos/epidemiology
;
Male
;
Mitochondria/genetics
;
Neurocysticercosis/*epidemiology/parasitology/radiography
;
Risk Factors
;
Sequence Analysis, DNA
;
Swine
;
Swine Diseases/*epidemiology/parasitology/radiography
;
Taenia solium/classification/genetics/*isolation & purification
8.Two Cases of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma of Lung in Patients with Sjogren's Syndrome.
You Sun LEE ; Eun Mi KOH ; Joong Kyung AHN ; Chan Hong JEON ; Ji Young CHAI ; Hoon Suk CHA ; Man Pyo CHUNG ; Joungho HAN
The Journal of the Korean Rheumatism Association 2006;13(3):236-241
Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune exocrinopathy characterised by decreased lacrymal and salivary gland function, resulting in keratoconjunctivitis sicca and dry mouth. The occurrence of malignant lymphoma is the most serious complication of Sjogren's syndrome. Recent reports have found that MALT lymphoma accounts for 46~56% of the malignant lymphoma that develop in patients with Sjogren's syndrome. The most common site of MALT lymphoma in patients of Sjogren's syndrome is parotid gland, but we experienced two cases of MALT lymphoma of lung in patients with Sjogren's syndrome. We report these cases with review of literature.
Humans
;
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca
;
Lung*
;
Lymphoma
;
Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone*
;
Mouth
;
Parotid Gland
;
Salivary Glands
;
Sjogren's Syndrome*
9.Fluoxetine Up-Regulates Bcl-xL Expression in Rat C6 Glioma Cells.
Mi Ran CHOI ; Dong Hoon OH ; Seok Hyeon KIM ; Byung Hwan YANG ; Jun Seok LEE ; Joonho CHOI ; Hyun Soo JEON ; Young Gyu CHAI ; Yong Chon PARK
Psychiatry Investigation 2011;8(2):161-168
OBJECTIVE: To analyze both differentially expressed genes and the Bcl-xL protein expression after acute and chronic treatment with fluoxetine in rat C6 glioma cells. METHODS: C6 glioma cells were cultured for 24 h or 72 h after treatment with 10 microM fluoxetine, and gene expression patterns were observed using microarray and qRT-PCR. Then, cells were cultured for 6 h, 24 h, 72 h or 96 h after treatment with 10 microM fluoxetine, and the expression of Bcl-xL protein was measured using western blot. RESULTS: As determined by microarray, treatment with fluoxetine for 24 h up-regulated 33 genes (including Bcl-xL and NCAM140) and down-regulated 7 genes (including cyclin G-associated kinase). Treatment with fluoxetine for 72 h up-regulated 53 genes (including Gsalpha and Bcl-xL) and down-regulated 77 genes (including Galphai2 and annexin V). Based on the qRT-PCR results, there was an increase in Gsalpha mRNA and a decrease in Galphai2 mRNA at 72 h in fluoxetine-treated cells as compared to control, a result that was consistent with microarray. We also observed an increase in Bcl-xL mRNA (both at 24 h and at 72 h) in fluoxetine-treated cells as compared to control, demonstrating a tendency to increase gradually. Bcl-xL protein expression increased as the duration of fluoxetine treatment increased. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that chronic treatment with fluoxetine not only initiates the cAMP pathway through inducing Gsalpha expression but also induces Bcl-xL expression, thus inhibiting apoptosis.
Animals
;
Apoptosis
;
bcl-X Protein
;
Cyclins
;
Fluoxetine
;
Gene Expression
;
Glioma
;
Rats
;
RNA, Messenger
10.A recurrent intracardiac thrombosis in a patient with Behet's disease.
Hyung Jin KIM ; Jeong Chae YANG ; Sung Hea KIM ; Ji Young CHAI ; Chan Hong JEON ; Hoon Suk CHA ; Eun Mi KOH
Korean Journal of Medicine 2005;69(2):227-230
Behet's disease is a systemic disorder presenting with recurrent oral and genital ulcerations as well as uveitis often leading to blindness. Although vascular lesions are common complications of this disease, cardiac involvement is extremely rare. A 34-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with intermittent low-grade fever 8 months ago. At that time, the echocardiographic examination revealed a right atrial wall mass that was initially thought to be a vegetation, and surgical excision was performed. Histological finding was consistent with organizing thrombus. The patient was readmitted to the hospital with fever, chill and sore throat for about 4 weeks. His past medical history included recurrent oral and genital ulcerations and uveitis for 5 years. Right atrial mass was seen again on echocardiographic examination. On the basis of the clinical course and the presence of recurrent cardiac thrombus, a diagnosis of Beh?et's disease with recurrent intracardiac thrombosis was made. The patient was treated with prednisolone, colchicine, cyclosporine, and aspirin. Medical therapy resulted in complete resolution of his symptoms and disappearance of the right atrial thrombus.
Adult
;
Aspirin
;
Behcet Syndrome
;
Blindness
;
Colchicine
;
Cyclosporine
;
Diagnosis
;
Echocardiography
;
Fever
;
Heart Diseases
;
Humans
;
Pharyngitis
;
Prednisolone
;
Thrombosis*
;
Ulcer
;
Uveitis