PURPOSE: This study examined the relationship between sexual changes and adjustment and identified the factors which affect adjustment after a hysterectomy. METHOD: The subjects were 89 women under 50 years of age registered at gynecology departments of general hospitals in Seoul. RESULT: 60.7% of the women restarted coitus during six weeks to three months post operation. They felt a decrease in vaginal secretions (68%), and abdominal and pelvic pain (59.8%), but2/3 of them didn't change the frequency of coitus and level of orgasm. With respect to the adaptability of the sexual life, there was a significant difference in the time to restart coitus, lack of vaginal secretions, abdominal and pelvic pain, change of frequency of coitus, experience of orgasm, importance of sex and avoidance of coitus, according to job, income, and health condition. CONCLUSION: It is appropriate to restart coitus six weeks to three months after surgery and preliminary information should be given to patients after surgery as abdominal and pelvic pain could be relieved after twelve months. Also, sexual adjustment can be improved if they can recognize the changes after surgery from sexual life before surgery.
Middle Aged ; Hysterectomy/*psychology ; Humans ; Female ; Coitus ; Adult ; Adaptation, Psychological

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to classify the research domains and subjects based on existing health problems, sex/gender specific crucial health differences and common risks across the life span. METHOD: Three hundred and seventy seven articles were examined that were published in 3 nursing journals from 1999 to 2004. RESULTS: Research subjects were classified into middle-aged women (23%), nurses (20%), pregnant women (17%), school girls (14%), ill women (8%), working women (4%), elderly women (4%), mothers (3%), married women (3%), and unmarried women (2%) in sequence. The total number of keywords were 820 and the mean was 2.17 per article. Research domains were health behaviors (27%), childbirth (20%), socio-cultural and economic activities (8%), illness (6%), the reproductive system (5%), and demographics (5%) in the order of frequency. Research concepts shown were universal health behaviors (8.4%), mental health (7.2%), labor and delivery (6.2%), parent roles (5.5%), breast- feeding (4.6%), violence (4.5%), climacterics (4.3%), postpartum care (4.0%), weight control behaviors (3.8%), and a healthy life (3.5%) in frequency. CONCLUSION: Based on the research results, research concepts should be chosen closely related with the existing health problems, sex/gender specific differences and common risks across the life span. Especially these matters should be taken into consideration for study: education about the risks of artificial abortion, giving information for decision making on cesarean birth, low birth rates, infection during pregnancy, and the increasing rate of divorce.
Aged ; Birth Rate ; Climacteric ; Decision Making ; Demography ; Divorce ; Education ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Mothers ; Nursing ; Parents ; Parturition ; Postnatal Care ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Research Subjects ; Single Person ; Violence ; Women's Health* ; Women, Working

The purpose of this study were to identify a relationship between symptom of health and fatigue-regulation behavior in middle-aged women. The subjects were 241 women living in Seoul and near the city, ranging in ages of 30-59(mean=42.1 years) being interviewed during the month of Oct. to Dec., 2000. The following questionnaires were utilized in this study: a self reported symptom of health and a fatigue-regulation behavior scale originated from Kwon(1997). The analysis for the data was done by SAS program, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation. The results of this study were as follows 1. Total mean scores of health status were shown 29.1, physical symptom 17.9 and psychological symptom 11.2. According to symptom of body system were higher in muscular-skeletal sympom 5.5, neurologic symptom 3.5, and digestive symptom 2.7. 2. The mean scores of symptom of health were significantly different in duraion of marriage, status of menstruation, perceived fatigue, perceived cause of fatigue, perceived help of family, hours of sleep. Physical symptom was significantly different in years of educational, status of menstruation, perceived fatigue, perceived cause of fatigue, perceived help of family, hours of sleep. Psychological symptom was significantly different in parity, whether or not having past illness, perceived fatigue. 3. The neurologic symptom was significantly different in years of education, status of menstruation, perceived fatigue, time to rest The respiratory symptom was significantly different in years of education, status of menstruation and hours of physical exercise. The muscular-skeletal symptom was significantly different duration of marriage, status of menstruation, BMI. perceived fatigue, perceived cause of fatigue, perceived help of family. The cardiovascular symptom was significantly different in whether or not having religion, number of children, duration of marriage, number of pregnancy & abortion, parity, status of menstruation, BMI. The digestive symptom was significantly different in whether or not having religion and the number of children. The urologic symptom was significantly different in whether or not having job, type of family, status of menstruation, BMI, perceived fatigue, perceived cause of fatigue, perceived help of family. The score of fatigue was significantly different in number of pregnancy. 4. There were significantly positive relationships in the area of symptom on health, especially fatigue was significantly positive relationships in score of symptom of health, physical symptom and psychological symptom. 5. They choose fatigue-regulation behavior physical rest, method of diversion, management of stress, enough sleep, and psychological rest in order. In the near future, it is required that further studies investigate socio-environmental factors related to symptoms of health and develop programs motivating fatigue-regulation behaviors actively.
Child ; Education ; Exercise ; Fatigue ; Female ; Humans ; Marriage ; Menstruation ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Parity ; Pregnancy ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Self Report ; Seoul

This study was designed to examine the factors that influence the burnout of nurses practice healthcare in a hospital setting. Subjects for this study were 245 nurses working at University K hospital in Seoul, Korea. Data for this study was collected from 15 to 27 April, 2002. The data collection instruments used for this study are as follows: Maslach Burnout Inventory(1981), Orientation to Life Question- naire(Sense of Coherence, SOC) by Antonovsky (1987) and Modified Coping Resources Inventory developed by author. The analysis of the data was completed using the descriptive, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression using the SAS program software. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Total mean score of burnout was 4.0. Mean scores of the subscales were; emotional exhausion 4.7, personalization 3.7, and personal accomplishment 3.4.2. Significant statistical differences according to demographic characteristics of the subjects were found in the variables of age, job position, years of working, perceived job stress, and burnout. 3. Burnout was negatively related to sense of coherence(r= -.65) and coping resources (r= -.40); subscales of SOC of comprehensibility(r= -.57), manageability (r= -.55), and meaningfulness(r= -.52); subscales of coping of self-care(r= -.36), and cognitive coping(r= -.39).4. Job stress was the highest factor influence burnout. Sixty-one percent of the total variance of burnout was experienced by variables of comprehensibility, meaning- fulness, age, self-care, manageability and leisure activities including job stress. In conclusion, it was found that a low level of burnout was related to high scores of SOC and coping resources. Job stress, manageability, and meaningfulness were the highest factors influencing the level of subscale of emotional exhausion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Therefore, it is necessary to search for strategies to promote SOC and coping resources for reducing the level of burnout of nurses.
Data Collection ; Delivery of Health Care ; Depersonalization ; Humans ; Korea ; Leisure Activities ; Self Care ; Sense of Coherence ; Seoul

PURPOSE: This study was performed to provide data for improvement in clinical practice education through analyzing the status of clinical practice education in maternity nursing in four year course nursing schools in Korea. METHOD: Analyzed subjects were 43 schools out of 53 four year course nursing schools in Korea. RESULT: Credits in theory and clinical practice are on the decline. The relationship between goals and areas of clinical practice was not sufficient. The department was not efficient in meeting the demands between theory and practice. The number of students in a group according to clinical areas were thoughtfully assigned, and clinical practice was performed based on real situations. Instructors for clinical practice used practice lecturers, part-time lecturers, preceptors, and assistant instructors including faculty. Methods of practice education and evaluation were varied. CONCLUSION: A suitable philosophy and goals of clinical practice education maternity nursing should be established at this point in time. Furthermore, a study should be performed to analyze the relationship between goals and contents of clinical practice for maternity nursing. In addition, a standardized tool should be developed to evaluate clinical practice.
Education* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Korea* ; Maternal-Child Nursing* ; Nursing* ; Philosophy ; Pregnancy ; Schools, Nursing*

PURPOSE: This study was designed to identify nurses' perceptions and educational intentions regarding natural childbirth control (NCC) methods. METHOD: The participants were 313 nurses working at three general hospitals in Seoul. They were asked to complete a questionnaire composed of scales measuring knowledge and perceptions childbirth control methods, awareness of bodily changes in ovulation phase, perceptions of fetal life, which were developed by the author. Also, Chang's (2002) Sexual Autonomy Inventory was utilized. The data were analyzed by the SAS program. RESULTS: Methods of condom and rhythm were considered to be more useful for childbirth control than other methods. Only 34-54% of them knew exactly about the NCC methods using menstrual cycle, body temperature, and mucus. The mean scores of sexual autonomy and awareness of bodily changes in ovulation phase were 3.8 and 3.4 out of 5, in respect. Educational intention was different statistically by the age, marital status, future intention to use NCC methods, and perception of educational need for NCC methods. CONCLUSION: Nurses' perceptions and educational intentions regarding NCC were low, especially in nurses who were married. It is recommended to encourage nurses to learn NCC methods for clients education.
Body Temperature ; Condoms ; Education ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Intention* ; Marital Status ; Menstrual Cycle ; Mucus ; Natural Childbirth* ; Ovulation ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seoul ; Weights and Measures

Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts were isolated from a child suffering from acute gastroenteritis and successfully passaged in a calf and mice (designated hereafter SNU-H1) in the Republic of Korea; its molecular genotype has been analyzed. The GAG microsatellite region was amplified by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR), with a 238 base pair product, which is commonly displayed in C. parvum. The isolate was shown to be a mixture of the genotypes 1 (anthroponotic) and 2 (zoonotic). To study its infectivity in animals, 2 calves and 3 strains of mice were infected with the SNU-H1; in these animals, the propagation of both genotypes was successful. In immunosuppressed (ImSP) BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice the number of oocysts decreased after day 10 post-infection (PI) ; but in ImSP ICR mice, they remained constant until day 27 PI. The results show that both the C. parvum genotypes 1 and 2 can be propagated in calves and ImSP mice.
Animals ; Cattle ; Child ; Cryptosporidiosis/microbiology ; Cryptosporidium parvum/*genetics/immunology ; Diarrhea/parasitology ; Feces/parasitology ; Genotype ; Human ; Korea ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Oocysts ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Zoonoses/parasitology

A case of seminoma of the cryptorchism, found in 34 years old Korean male is reported. In Campbell's series, the incidence of malignancy in cryptorchism is claimed to be 35 times greater than in the normally descended testicle. A case of seminoma of the cryptorchism is added to literature.
Adult ; Cryptorchidism* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Seminoma* ; Testis

PURPOSE: This paper has attempted to investigate the association between the subclinical thyroid function disorder caused by natural change in thyroid hormones or thyroid remedies and the incidence of CHD. METHODS: Data was analyzed of 7,675 women who had undergone health examinations in a hospital in Gyeonggi-do between January 2007 and December 2008. The covariation of the coronary risk factors such as age, BMI, HbA1C, systolic blood pressure, LDL:HDL-cholesterol ratio, CRP, smoking and exercise were analyzed by using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: A significant increase in serum TSH was observed with higher age (F=26.91, p=.00). In terms of age, the risk of CHD started to gradually increase since the 40s and sharply since the 60s (chi-square=113.29, p=.00). The serum TSH was the most significant parameter influencing CHD (B=.12, p=.00). The risk of coronary artery disease was 3.12 times higher in the subclinical hypothyroidism group (OR=3.12) while no significant difference was observed in the subclinical hyperthyroidism group. CONCLUSION: Subclinical hypothyroidism may be an independent risk factors for CHD. A nurse nursing patients with thyroid disorder should be well informed of their state of subclinical thyroid function disorder and make efforts to extend their health expectancy.
Blood Pressure ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Vessels ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; Hypothyroidism ; Incidence ; Logistic Models ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Hormones

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the effect of Intenet diabetes education varied by gender. METHOD: An experimental group assessed pre- and post intervention was used to assess the effectiveness of diabetes education by nurses. Forty patients separated into two groups by gender partook in the study. The goal of the intervention was to keep blood glucose concentrations close to normal range. The intervention was applied weekly for 3 months. Participants were requested to input their blood glucose level, diet, and exercise diary everyday at http: //www.biodang.com by cellular phone or wire Internet. The researcher sent optimal recommendations to each patient using the short message service of cellular phones and wire Internet. All medication adjustments were communicated to the subjects' doctors. The plasma glucose levels, serum lipids, and care satisfaction were measured before and after the intervention. RESULT: Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) decreased 1.6% and 0.8% in male and female patients respectively after 3 months of education. Total cholesterol decreased 37.2mg/dl in male patients but increased 80.5mg/dl in female patients. CONCLUSION: These findings indicated that Internet diabetes education could improve HbA1c and total cholesterol in male patients.
Blood Glucose ; Cellular Phone ; Cholesterol ; Diet ; Education* ; Female ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated ; Humans ; Internet* ; Male ; Reference Values ; Text Messaging