A case of unilateral multicystic renal dysplasia was reported in view of rarity, and a review of literature 23-year-old female was admitted to Kyung Hee University Hospital with a complaint of urinary incontinence. An excretory urogram revealed non-visualization of the right kidney. The right ureter had opening at the 2 cm above the vaginal introitus. The resected right kidney revelaed multilobulated outer surface with multiloculated cystic struture on cut surface. The associated anomaly was uterine didelphy. The condition was treated by nephroureterectomy.
Female ; Humans

A case of unilateral multicystic renal dysplasia was reported in view of rarity, and a review of literature 23-year-old female was admitted to Kyung Hee University Hospital with a complaint of urinary incontinence. An excretory urogram revealed non-visualization of the right kidney. The right ureter had opening at the 2 cm above the vaginal introitus. The resected right kidney revelaed multilobulated outer surface with multiloculated cystic struture on cut surface. The associated anomaly was uterine didelphy. The condition was treated by nephroureterectomy.
Female ; Humans

While paleoparasitologists in Korea reported scientific evidences for the infection patterns of various parasite species among the pre-modern Joseon people, historical study is also needed for understanding the socio-cultural aspects of parasitic infections of the past. In this study on the historical documents, we revealed the socio-cultural environment of Joseon society by which people were easily infected by trematode parasites. The historical records showed that Joseon people enjoyed raw fish cuisines, that might have caused Clonorchis sinensis and Metagonimus yokogawai infection, much more frequently than originally expected. It is also proven that Joseon people ate raw crab and crayfish, the intermediate host of Paragonimus westermani, as the seasonal delicacy or miracle cure drug for incurable diseases. We also found many Joseon records on raw-oyster dishes, possibly having caused Gymnophalloides seoi infection among the people. By this study, we could get the historical clues on how Joseon people could have been infected by various trematode parasites.
Astacoidea ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Heterophyidae ; Korea ; Paragonimus westermani ; Parasites* ; Seasons

Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites were isolated from the blood of an ocular patient, and have been successfully passaged in the laboratory, for over a year, by peritoneal inoculation in mice. The isolated parasite was designated the Korean Isolate-1 (KI-1) and its characteristics were compared with those of the RH strain, a wellknown virulent strain originating from a child who suffered from encephalitis. The morphology, pathogenicity, infectivity and cell culture characteristics of the KI-1 were similar to those of the RH strain. Both RH and KI-1 antigens were detected by an anti-T. gondii monoclonal antibody (mAb), Tg563, against the major surface protein SAG1 (30 kDa), whereas no reaction was observed against an anti-Neospora caninum mAb, 12B4. The KI-1 was confirmed as an isolate of T. gondii. A long-term laboratory maintenance and characterization of a local T. gondii isolate is reported for the first time in the Republic of Korea.
Animals ; Antigens, Protozoan/analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Microscopy, Electron ; Middle Aged ; Parasitemia/parasitology ; Sarcoma 180 ; Serial Passage ; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms ; *Toxoplasma/classification/growth & development/isolation & purification/pathogenicity ; Toxoplasmosis, Ocular/*diagnosis/parasitology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Virulence

Plasmodium vivax malaria re-emerged in South Korea in 1993, and epidemics continue since then. We examined genetic variation in the region encompassing the apical membrane antigen-1 (PvAMA-1) of the parasites by DNA sequencing of the 22 re-emerging P. vivax isolates. The genotype of the PvAMA-1, which was based on sequence data previously reported for the polymorphic regions, showed that two haplotypes were present at one polymorphic site. Compared with reported data, the two types, SKOR type I and type II, were similar to Chinese CH-10A and CH-05A isolates, respectively. Thus, the present study showed that two genotypes of AMA-1 genes coexist in the re-emerging Korean P. vivax.
Adult ; Aged ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Antigens, Protozoan ; Base Sequence ; Child ; Female ; Genotype ; Human ; Korea ; Malaria, Vivax/*genetics ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/*genetics ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymorphism (Genetics) ; Protozoan Proteins/chemistry/*genetics ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

The authors analysed eleven patients with latent nystagmus who were diagnosed by clinical manifestation and electrooculography during six months. Among them, six patients had monocular amblyopia, four had binocular amblyopia and only one had normal visual acuity. All of them had manifest latent nystagmus which had a small amplitude of nystagmus in binocular fixation. Two of them showed typical latent nystagmus, jerky wave form characterized by decreasing velocity in slow phase and directing to fixing eye. Seven patients showed typical latent nystagmus wave form associated with pendular wave form and two patients showed jerky wave form with increasing velocity in slow phase. Therefore nine patients had componant of infantile nystagmus wave form. Ten of them had strabismus. Among them, five patients had hyper tropia. Three of the hypertropic patients showed dissociated vertical deviation. The authors suggest that the latent nystagmus is a kind of infantile nystagmus, and abnormal ocular conditions such as strabismus and amblyopia affects the infantile motor nystagmus.
Amblyopia ; Electrooculography ; Humans ; Strabismus ; Telescopes ; Visual Acuity

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated with a xanthine(X) and xanthine oxidase (XO) system on sperm function, the change of sperm characteristics, lipid peroxidation, and DNA fragmentation in bovine spermatozoa. MATERIALS AND METHODS: ROS were produced using a combination of 100 micrometer X and 50 mU/ml XO. The ROS scavengers: superoxide dismutase (SOD)(200mu/ml) and catalase (500mu/ml) were also tested. Spermatozoa were incubated for 2 hours in BWW medium with a combination of X-XO supplemented with or without ROS scavengers at 37degrees C under 5% CO2 incubator. Sperm movement characteristics by CASA (computer-aided sperm analysis), HOST (hypoosmotic swelling test), Ca-ionophore induced acrosome reaction, malondialdehyde formation for the analysis of lipid peroxidation, the percentage of DNA fragmentation using the method of TdT-mediated nick end labelling (TUNEL) by flow cytometry were determined after 2 hours incubation. RESULTS: The action of ROS on bovine spermatozoa resulted in a decreased in capacity for sperm motility, Ca-ionophore induced acrosome reaction and membrane integrity, an increased in malondialdehyde formation and the percentage of sperm with DNA fragmentation. In the effects of antioxidant, catalase completely alleviated the toxic effects induced by the ROS in terms of sperm function and characteristics, however SOD exhibited no capacity to reduce the toxic effects. CONCLUSION: The ROS can induce significant damages to sperm functions and characteristics. The useful ROS scavengers can minimized the defects of sperm function and various damages of spermatozoa.
Acrosome Reaction ; Catalase ; DNA Fragmentation* ; DNA* ; Flow Cytometry ; Incubators ; Lipid Peroxidation* ; Malondialdehyde ; Membranes ; Reactive Oxygen Species* ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa* ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Xanthine Oxidase

The authors analyzed one hundred and forty-six consecutive patients(146 eyes) receiving secondary intraocular lens implantation from May 1983 to September 1990 in respect to refractive change. The results were as follows: 1. The secondary implantation is gradually increased year by year and age range of that becomes younger than before. 2. ACL is replaced with PCL according to the introduction of transs-cleral fixation techmque. 3. The postoperative corrected visual acuity shows no difference between ACL group and PCL group. 4. The change of keratometric reading between before and after secondary IOL implantation shows 66.1% within 1 diopter. 5. The final refractive error shows no difference between ACL group and PCL group. 6. The final change of refractive error in relationsphip between with IOL power calculation and without that shows no different change. 7. The postoperative complication shows that after-cataract is the most common in PCL group and glaucoma in ACL group. The incidence of complication is not different between the two groups.
Glaucoma ; Incidence ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular* ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Postoperative Complications ; Refractive Errors ; Visual Acuity

We investigate the effect of a new photoscreening camera designed to detect amblyogenic factors including strabismus, asymmetric and abnormal refractive errors and media opacities. The photoscreener uses eccentric photorefraction principles and provides two meridian photographs of the retinal reflex. Pass/fail screening data from photograph of 58 nondilated children, determined by two masked observers, were compared with data from complete ophthalmologic examinations. Photoscreener had a sensitivity rate of 92.0%, a specificity rate of 72.2%, a positive predictive value of 94.8%, a negative predictive value of 61.9% and overall agreement rate of 90.5%. The new two-flash photoscreenig camera, which uses high-speed polaroid film, is an accurate and reliable method of detecting amblyogenic factors in undilated children, and the camera promise as a useful mass screening tool.
Child ; Humans ; Masks ; Mass Screening ; Reflex ; Refractive Errors ; Retinaldehyde ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Strabismus

One hundred and twenty-three cases of planned ECCE with biconvex posterior chamber lens implantation were performed in St. Mary's Hospital from April 1988 to February 1990, were followed up for more than 6 months. We also analyzed 123 cases of planned ECCE with convex-plano posterior chamber lens implantation during the same period. The results were as follows: 1. The difference of visual acuity between the two groups was not statistically significant. 2. Of the 123 eyes with biconvex lens, 106 eyes (86%) were within +/- 0.50 spherical equivalent diopter compared to 55 of 123 eyes (44.7%) with convex-plano lens. This difference is statistically signficant (p<.001). 3. Eight out of the 123 eyes with biconvex lens (6.5%) developed after-cataract and two of these eight eyes were of the central type: 36 out of the 123 eyes (29.3%) with convex-plano lens developed after-cataract and 31 of the these 36 eyes were of the central type. This difference is statistically significant(p<.001).
Cataract* ; Visual Acuity