Temporomandibular disorder is a disease caused by various factors such as trauma, mental stress, occlusal factors, and parafunc-tional habits. Among them, many scholars have been interested in the relationship between occlusion and temporomandibular disorder for a long time and have conducted numerous studies, but controversy over this relationship continues to this day. Based on previous studies, this review clearly establishes the relationship on occlusion and temporomandibular disorders and presents the direction for follow-up research by summarizing the limitations of current studies.

Temporomandibular disorder is a disease caused by various factors such as trauma, mental stress, occlusal factors, and parafunc-tional habits. Among them, many scholars have been interested in the relationship between occlusion and temporomandibular disorder for a long time and have conducted numerous studies, but controversy over this relationship continues to this day. Based on previous studies, this review clearly establishes the relationship on occlusion and temporomandibular disorders and presents the direction for follow-up research by summarizing the limitations of current studies.

Temporomandibular disorder is a disease caused by various factors such as trauma, mental stress, occlusal factors, and parafunc-tional habits. Among them, many scholars have been interested in the relationship between occlusion and temporomandibular disorder for a long time and have conducted numerous studies, but controversy over this relationship continues to this day. Based on previous studies, this review clearly establishes the relationship on occlusion and temporomandibular disorders and presents the direction for follow-up research by summarizing the limitations of current studies.

Obesity is caused by interactions of energy consumption, amount of food intake, physical activity and etc, and these elements are influenced by genetic factors. Obesity related genes which have been known by now are over 200. One of these is Kir6.2 which forms the pore region of K(ATP) channel, and genetic variation of which may result in altered beta-cell electrical activity, insulin secretion, glucose homeostasis, and increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Kir6.2 E23K polymorphism and fat distribution or metabolic profiles in Korean. A total of 164 patients who visited Dongsan Medical Center Obesity Clinic from February 2004 to December 2005, were enrolled in this study. Screening for Kir6.2 polymorphism carried out by PCR-RFLP analyses. We divided this group into three groups E/E, E/K, K/K. Serum lipid and blood glucose were measured by autoanalyzer. Visceral fat amount and subcutaneous fat by abdominal CT, total fat mass by DEXA were measured. The subjects of E/E, E/K, K/K genotypes were 24, 79, and 61, respectively. The results of ANOVA analysis was that subjects with the K/K genotypes had more visceral fat amount (P<0.05) and higher total cholesterol levels (P<0.05) than E/E subjects group. Visceral fat amount and serum total cholesterol were significantly different according to Kir6.2 E23K polymorphism. Therefore, Kir6.2 polymorphism may act on fat distribution in Koreans.
Blood Glucose ; Cholesterol ; Eating ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Glucose ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Insulin ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Mass Screening ; Metabolome ; Motor Activity ; Obesity ; Subcutaneous Fat

The purpose of this study was to obtain baseline data on dietary management of women's constipation. We estimated the prevalence of self reported constipation, bowel habits and foods & nutrients intake. The subjects were 169 female college students (normal = 92, constipation group = 77) aged 19 to 23 years. We conducted anthropometric measurements, an evacuation habits survey, and a dietary intake assessment for three days by a 24 hour recall method. The prevalence of self reported constipation was 46% (n = 77). Results showed that bowel habits (the difficulty of evacuation, the duration of evacuation and the feeling after evacuation) were significantly different between the two groups. Over 65% of constipation group used laxatives for constipation relief. Frequency of stress and deep sleeping were related with constipation. In daily food consumption and nutrients intake, there was not a significant difference between the groups. However in relation to bowel habits which factors influence constipation, the study showed that the intake of water, potatoes, kimchi, and fruits correlated with evacuation facility. Further, there were no findings in the difference of foods consumption and nutrients intake between the two groups. But some life style changes and food intakes (potato and kimchi) may be useful to improve constipation symptoms in young women.
Aged ; Constipation ; Female ; Fruit ; Humans ; Laxatives ; Life Style ; Prevalence ; Self Report ; Solanum tuberosum ; Water

Hashimotos thyroiditis and Graves disease have been thought to be the autoirnmune diseases having their distinct and separate clinical and pathologic features. Because of the partial and complete simi1arity in histologic feature, it has been hypothesized that Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Oraves disease may be interrelated. Several patients who had been diagnosed as Graves disease showed features of hypothyroidism, and were proven to have histologie features of Hashimotos thyroiditis in their thyroid tissue. Two meehanisms had been suggested to explain tbis phenomenon. One is that the combined Hashimotos thyroiditis in Graves' disease may become predominant with time, The other is that the amount of TSH receptor blocking antibody may increase in the course of Graves disease. Early recognition of these patients would be impartant to estabilish therapeutic plan. Futhermcee, extensive study of these patients would give more understanding of the mechanism of these diseases. Here we report 5 cases of clinically diagnosed Graves disease with pathologic features of Hashimotos thyroiditis or focal lymphocytic thyroiditis.
Graves Disease ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; Receptors, Thyrotropin ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroiditis ; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune

BACKGROUND: Natural moisturizing factors such as sodium pyrrolidone carboxylic acid and lactic acid may play an important role in increasing the moisture retention of isolated stratum corneum and reducing the incidence of dry and flaky skin in vivo. Although the precise mechanism of surfactant irritancy is not fully understood, it has been suggested that barrier dysfunction of stratum corneum by surfactants results in skin changes such as scaling, erythema, and even fissuring. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effect of sodium pyrrolidone carboxylic acid(NaPCA) and lactic acid(LA) with several non-invasive measuring methods in the irritated skin reaction induced by sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) in normal persons and atopic dermatitis patients. METHODS: After skin irritation for 24 hours with patch test of 1% SLS on five volar sites of right forearm, we applied nothing(A), 3% LA+3% NaPCA(B), 3% LA(C), 3% NaPCA(D), and vehi cle(E) twice a day respectively. Visual score, transepidermal water loss(TEWL), water holding capa city(WHC), and erythema index were measured at 30 min, 24hr, 48hr and 72hr after patch removal. RESULTS: 1. After 72hr, the visual scores of B and C were significantly lower than that of A(control) in atopic dermatitis patients, and that of C in normal persons was significantly lower than that of A, D, and E. 2. TEWL values of B and C in both the normal (after 72hr) and atopic dermatitis group (after 48hr and 72hr) were significantly lower than that of A. 3. WHC values of B, C, D in both the normal and atopic dermatitis group were significantly higher than that of A after 48hr and 72hr. 4. After 72hr, erythema indices by Mexameter of B, C, and D in both the normal and atopic dermatitis group were significantly lower than that of A and values of C were significantly lower than that of E. In the atopic dermatitis group, values of D were also significantly lower than that of E. 5. The mean visual score was significantly correlated with TEWL value and erythema index of Mexameter (r=0.58, r=0.64) and the TEWL value was significantly correlated with erythema index of Mexameter (r=0.64). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that topical application of a moisturizing factor might improve the surfactant-induced disruption of permeability barrier with improvement of the water holding capacity of the stratum corneum.
Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Erythema ; Forearm ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lactic Acid* ; Patch Tests* ; Permeability ; Skin* ; Sodium* ; Surface-Active Agents