The clinical study on recurrent dislocation of the shoulder was performed on fourteen cases who were treated by Putti-Platt operation from July 1967 to November 1968. The cases studied were treated at the 17th Army Hospital in Kwang-ju and U.S. 121st Evacuation Hospital in Bu-pyung. Ages in initial dislocation were varied from 11 to 25 with an average of 18 years. Five cases of them were recurred over ten times prior to operation. On radiological findings, Hill-Sachs lesion has been revelaed in 57.1%. On pathological finding, Bankart lesion was seen in 78.5% and detachment of the glenoid labrum with capsular separation in 28.6%. No recurrence has been encountered in this s ries, and average rarige of abduction was gained upto 165 and external rotation 30°.
Clinical Study ; Dislocations ; Gwangju ; Hospitals, Military ; Recurrence ; Shoulder

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to examine the interactions between mivacurium and vecuronium when administered during a standardized technique. METHODS: Eighty patients (ASA physical status I or II) were randomly assigned to one of four groups (n=20). Their neuromuscular function was measured in response to ulnar nerve supramaximal square-wave TOF stimulation at 10-sec intervals. After the attainment of a stable baseline neuromuscular response, the patients were randomly assigned to receive a rapid iv bolus of either: (1) 3M group (n=20): mivacurium 0.21 mg/kg. Alone, or (2) 2M1V group (n=20): mivacurium 0.14 mg/kg plus vecuronium 0.05 mg/kg, or (3) 1M2V group (n=20): mivacurium 0.07 mg/kg plus vecuronium 0.10 mg/kg, or (4) 3V group (n=20): vecuronium 0.15 mg/kg alone. The onset time of the neuromuscular block, time of recovery of T1 to 25% and reblock time (the time from the reinjection of vecuronium at the time of recovery of T1 to 25% to the time of recovery of T1 to 25%: T25-25) were measured. The intubating condition was evaluated clinically with a scoring system. RESULTS: The onset of block in the 3M group was 33% slower than in the 3V group. The time durations until 25% recovery in the 2M1V, 1M2V and 3V groups were longer than in the 3M group, and the durations in the 1M2V and 3V groups were longer than in the 2M1V group. The T25-25 reblock times of the 2M1V, 1M2V and 3V groups were prolonged in comparison to that of the 3M group. There was no difference in intubating conditions between any of the groups. CONCLUSIONS: A combination of mivacurium with vecuronium provides rates of onset and duration of block which are more effective than an equivalent dose of mivacuriun alone as an additive reaction.
Anesthesia, General* ; Humans ; Neuromuscular Blockade* ; Ulnar Nerve ; Vecuronium Bromide*

Neurons in the nucleus raphe magnus are involved in descending modulation of nociceptive transmission. In this study, we attempted to investigate electrophysiological properties of the NRM neurons dissociated from the postnatal rat medulla. The NRM neurons in the coronal slices of and the dissociated neurons from the postnatal rat medullae were immunohistochemically identified using antibody against serotonin. Relatively small number of neurons were positively stained in both preparations. The positively stained neurons displayed large cell body with double or multiple neurites. Using whole-cell patch clamp configuration ionic currents were recorded from the dissociated NRM-like neurons selected by criteria such as size and shape of cell body and cell population. Two types, high- and low-threshold, of voltage-dependent calcium currents were recorded from the dissociated NRM-like neurons. Some neurons displayed both types of calcium currents, whereas others displayed only high-threshold calcium current. Voltage-dependent potassium currents were also recorded from the dissociated NRM neurons. Some neurons displayed both transient outward and delayed rectifier currents but others showed only delayed rectifier current. These results suggest that there are at least two types of calcium currents and two types of potassium currents in the dissociated NRM neurons.
Animals ; Calcium ; Neurites ; Neurons* ; Potassium ; Rats* ; Serotonin

PURPOSE: To compare, with the use of chest radiographic findings, improvement and complications in newborns treated with exogenous surfactant for hyaline membrane disease(HMD), and an untreated control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six patients with HMD were randomly assigned to a control group (n=18) or surfactant treated group (n=18). As part of an initial evaluation of their pulmonary status, we then performed a retrospective statistical analysis of chest radiographic findings obtained in exogenous surfactant treated and untreated infants within the first 90 minutes of life. Subsequent examinations were performed at less than 24 hours of age. RESULTS: Chest radiograph before treatment showed no significant differences between the two groups, but significant improvement was noted in the surfactant treated group, in contrast to the control group. The most common chest radiographic finding after surfactant administration was uniform (n=15) or disproportionate (n=2) improvement of pulmonary aeration. Patent ductus arteriosus developed in three treated neonates and in four cases in the control group. Air leak occurred in three cases in the treated group and in five cases in the control group. In one treated patient pulmonary hemorrhage developed and intracranial hemorrhage occurred in three treated neonates and in four cases in the control group. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia was developed in 6 cases of treated group and 3 cases of control group. CONCLUSION: A chest radiograph is considered to be helpful in the evaluation of improvement and complications of HMD in infants treated with surfactant.
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyalin* ; Hyaline Membrane Disease* ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Membranes ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Retrospective Studies

As malaria remains a major health problem worldwide, various diagnostic tests have been developed, including microscopy-based and rapid diagnostic tests. LabChip real-time PCR (LRP) is a small and portable device used to diagnose malaria using lab-on-a-chip technology. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of LRP for detecting malaria parasites. Two hundred thirteen patients and 150 healthy individuals were enrolled from May 2009 to October 2015. A diagnostic detectability of LRP for malaria parasites was compared to that of conventional RT-PCR. Sensitivity of LRP for Plasmodium vivax, P. falciparum, P. malariae, and P. ovale was 95.5%, 96.0%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Specificity of LRP for P. vivax, P. falciparum, P. malariae, and P. ovale was 100%, 99.3%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Cohen’s Kappa coefficients between LRP and CFX96 for detecting P. vivax, P. falciparum, P. malariae, and P. ovale were 0.96, 0.98, 1.00, and 1.00, respectively. Significant difference was not observed between the results of LRP and conventional RT-PCR and microscopic examination. A time required to amplify DNAs using LRP and conventional RT-PCR was 27 min and 86 min, respectively. LRP amplified DNAs 2 times more fast than conventional RT-PCR due to the faster heat transfer. Therefore, LRP could be employed as a useful tool for detecting malaria parasites in clinical laboratories.

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to establish an ideal treatment regimen for H. pylori eradication in three aspects: clinical, microbiological, and reinfection. METHODS: Four hundred thirty two patients with H. pylori positive peptic ulcer were randomized to receive two types of triple therapy: one includes colloidal bismuth subcitrate, metronidazole and tetracycline (BMT), and the other includes omeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin (OAC). RESULTS: More than 50% of symptom reduction within 1 week was 94.4% both in OAC and in BMT group. The percentages of side effects were 21.6% and 27.1% in OAC and BMT regimen, respectively. Good compliance with at least 85% intake was 99.0% and 95.2% in OAC and BMT regimen. The eradication rates of H. pylori were 85.9% and 89.1% in OAC and BMT regimen. Resistance rates to metronidazole and clarithromycin were 40.6% and 10.2% by E test, 74.3% and 27.0% by broth microdilution, and 45.3% and 10.9% by disk diffusion method. The eradication rates for H. pylori was 100% and 77.8% by BMT in patients with metronidazole-sensitive and -resistant strains, and 100% and 80.0% by OAC with clarithromycin- sensitive and -resistant strains, without significance by their resistances. The recrudescence rate within 1 year after eradication was 21.2% and 14.2% for OAC and BMT regimen without significant difference. The reinfection rate after 1 year was 4.0% and 5.0% for OAC and BMT regimen. CONCLUSION: Because the eradication rate of BMT regimen is 89.1% in spite of high metronidazole resistance rate, and there was no statistical difference in the aspects of symptom reduction, side effect, compliance, recrudescence and reinfection rate, BMT regimen is as favorable as OAC to eradicate H. pylori.
Amoxicillin ; Bismuth ; Clarithromycin ; Colloids ; Compliance ; Diffusion ; Drug Resistance* ; Helicobacter pylori ; Helicobacter* ; Humans ; Metronidazole ; Omeprazole ; Peptic Ulcer ; Recurrence* ; Tetracycline

BACKGROUND: Obtaining and utilizing the feed-backs from residents who have finished four year of anesthesia residency could well contribute to improvement in training program. Therefore authors have designed a self questionnaire to analyze the degrees or measures of satisfaction from such training program and data were evaluated to provide,in future,the guideline which would improve the quality of the training program. METHODS: The self-questionnaires were sent to residents(n=148),who have been through the entire four year of residency training courses under anesthesia department. The assessment was conducted to measure the degree of satisfaction based on several variables such as motivation, selection of anesthesiology as a first choice, type of training hospital, and sex. To evaluate the current problems of anesthesia residency program, we made 30 open-ended and close-ended questions. Data analysis was made using Fishers exaet test. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant difference between the degree of satisfaction and their motivation for choosing anesthesia, anesthesia as a major, selection of anesthesiology as a first choice, and types of hospitals. As for the difference in satisfaction of training, male residents showed significantly higher satisfaction rate( n=92, 36.2%) than female residents(n=47, 17%). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that degrees of satisfaction was more likely related to the program of each training hospital and sex compared to other variables studied.
Anesthesia Department, Hospital ; Anesthesia* ; Anesthesiology ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Internship and Residency* ; Male ; Motivation ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Statistics as Topic

No abstract available.
Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; Blood Cells/pathology ; Bone Marrow Cells/pathology ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/*drug therapy/radiotherapy ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/*diagnosis/etiology ; Lung Neoplasms/*drug therapy/radiotherapy ; Male

Three dimensional structures of envelope protein from Korean isolates and Nakayama-NIH strain of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) were deduced by a computer program (HyperChem 4.0 Chemplus 1.0) based on the data of the three dimentional structure of Tick-borne encephalitis virus. In the three dimensional structure of envelope protein, neutralizing epitope and T-helper cell recognition site of C-terminal region of Korean isolates were structually similar to those of Nakayama-NIH but the N-terminal region was not. Korean JE isolates were compared with Nakayama-NIH strain by using cross-neutralization antibody test. Neutralizing activities of Korean isolates derived from guinea pigs were higher than those of Nakayama-NIH strain against Korean isolates, although the polyclonal antibody titers of Nakayama-NIH showed 1:160 to 1:640 against Korean isolates. According to the results from three dimentional structures and cross-neutralization analyses, the antigenic difference between Korean JE isolates and Nakayama-NIH strain may be dependent on structural difference of envelope protein.
Animals ; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese ; Encephalitis Viruses* ; Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne ; Encephalitis* ; Guinea Pigs ; Korea*

Emergency surgical patients are more frequently in critical state than elective patients and they have not enough time for physical and laboratory examinations. The evaluation of perio-perative data will improve the outcome of emergency operation. We analyzed 1053 anesthesias for emergency operation which were performed at the department of anesthesiology, Anam Hospital from September 1992 to August 1993 clinically and statistically according to age, sex, physical status, department, anesthetic duration, method and agent, types of trauma, amount of transfusion, etc. The results were as follows; 1) The percent of emergency surgery cases was 13.6 of total surgical patients. 2) The ratio of male to female was 1.15:1. 3) About 61.1% of all emergency patients were in the 21-40 years age group. 4) According to the ASA classification of physical status, the percent of patients in emergency class 1 and 2 was 86.2 of the total patients. 5) The most common operation was Cesarean section (19.9%), and appendectomy (13.8%) the next. 6) The most common anesthetic method for emergency operation was general anesthesia with enflurane. 7) The obstetric cases were most common and the general surgery cases were the next. 8) The percent of the cases which took less than 2 hours duration was 82.4 of total operation. 9) The transfusion was done in 108 cases (10.3%) and less than 2 units was transfused most frequently. 10) The transference to ICU was done in 144 (13.7%) cases and the patients of general surgery were transfered to ICU most frequently. 11) The majority of injuries were classified as blunt trauma (86.6%) while 13.4% were classified as penetrating trauma. 12) The lagest number of injuries involved the upper extremity (47.8%) and the next was the head & neck (31.9%).
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesiology ; Appendectomy ; Cesarean Section ; Classification ; Emergencies* ; Enflurane ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Neck ; Pregnancy ; Upper Extremity