No abstract available.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Regardless of any restoration, most of case, we used in screw connection between abutment and implant. For this reason, implant screw loosening has been remained problem in restorative practices. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare surface of coated/plated screw with titanium and gold alloy screw and to evaluate physical property of coated/plated material after scratch test in FESEM investigation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: GoldTite, titanium screw provided by 3i (Implant Innovation, USA) and TorqTite, titanium screw by Steri-Oss (Nobel Biocare, USA) and gold screw, titanium screw by AVANA (Osstem Implant, korea) - were selected for this study. Each abutment screw surface was observed at 100 times, and then screw crest, root, and slope were done more detailed numerical value, at 1000 times with FESEM. A micro-diamond needle was also prepared for the scratch test. Each abutment screw was fixed, micro-diamond scratch the surface of head region was made at constant load and then was observed central region and periphery of fine trace through 1000 times with FESEM. RESULTS: The surface of GoldTite was smoother than that of other kinds of screw and had abundant ductility and malleability compared with titanium and gold screw. The scratch test also showed that teflon particles were exfoliated easily in screw coated with teflon. Titanium screw had a rough surface and low ductility. CONCLUSION: It was recommended that the clinical use of gold-plated screw would prevent a screw from loosening.
Alloys ; Head ; Needles ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; Titanium

Nodular cystic fat necrosis, first described by Przyjemski and Schuster, is a peculiar form of encapsulated necrosis of subcutaneous fat characterized by totally or near-totally encapsulated necrosis of fatty tissue in which clusters of nonviable adipocytes are surrounded by condensed fibrous tissue. We report two cases of nodular cystic fat necrosis associated with history of trauma about the site of the lesion. Each lesion was a subcutaneous movable nodule on buttock (case 1) and shin (case 2) which has evolved over months. Both cases showed possible relation to multiple intramuscular injection or direct trauma injury. Pathologically, encapsulated nodule showed a characteristic feature of nodular cystic fat necrosis which composed of the ghosts of anucleated adipocytes showing fairly well-preserved outline.
Adipocytes ; Adipose Tissue ; Buttocks ; Fat Necrosis* ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Necrosis ; Subcutaneous Fat

OBJECTIVE: In general, it is known that repetitive regular stimuli induce tolerance and repetitive irregular stimuli induce sensitization. We sought to determine the dopamine response in the rat prefrontal cortex under the repetitive regular and repetitive irregular stimuli. METHODS: After giving irregular and regular electrical stimuli repetitively to rats, we measured the dopamine levels of prefrontal cortex. We compared these results with the dopamine levels of prefrontal cortex of rats which were given just one electrical stimulus. Samples were obtained using in vivo brain microdialysis. Dopamine levels in the samples were measured by high pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. RESULTS: 1) Dopamine levels of prefrontal cortex of both repetitive regular stimuli group and repetitive irregular stimuli group increased after electrical stimuli. 2) Dopamine levels of prefrontal cortex also significantly increased after just one electrical stimulus. 3) Among the repetitive regular stimuli group, repetitive irregular stimuli group and one stimulus group, the dopamine response was most significant in the repetitive irregular stimuli group. CONCLUSIONS: Repetitive irregular electrical stimuli induce sensitization of prefrontal cortex and repetitive regular electrical stimuli don't induce tolerance of prefrontal cortex.
Animals ; Brain ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Dopamine* ; Microdialysis ; Prefrontal Cortex* ; Rats*

PURPOSE: The vein graft was considered as a useful conduit for nerve defect. But the problem is that it might be collapsed in long vein graft state. A new experimental model using vein graft filled with hyaluronic acid was considered. METHODS: Thirty rats were used for the experimental animal. In group I, one side of the femoral nerve was exposed and a segment was removed about 15mm. The neural gap was connected with nerve graft. In group II, the nerve gap was connected with vein graft only. In group III, the nerve gap was connected with vein graft filled with hyaluronic acid. A walking track analysis was made periodically for 2 months and NCV(nerve conduction velocity) was executed at the end of the experiment. And morphologic studies were also done for all groups RESULTS: In a walking track analysis, the toe-spread was widen and the foot-length was lengthened. The recovery of the toe-spread and foot length was checked 2 weeks interval, periodically for two months. The SFI (sciatic function index) was -52.5+/-8.2 in group I, -68.1+/-4 in group II, -55.3+/-7.9 in group III. In electrophysiological study, NCV(nerve conduction velocity) was 26.71+/-3.11m/s in group I, 17.94+/-4.35 m/s in group II, 25.69+/-2.81m/s in group III. The functional recovery in group I and III was superior to that the group II statistically(p<0.05) Under electromicroscopic study, the number of the myelinated axons were 1419.1+/-240 in group I, 921.7+/-176.8 in group II, 1322.2+/-318 in group III. The number of the myelinated axons were much more in group I and III than group II statistically (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study suggested that the vein graft filled with hyaluronic acid is more effective than vein graft only for the conduit of the nerve gap. It was thought that the technique could be used in clinical cases with nerve defects as an alternative method to classical nerve grafts.
Animals ; Axons ; Femoral Nerve ; Foot ; Hyaluronic Acid* ; Models, Animal* ; Models, Theoretical ; Myelin Sheath ; Nerve Regeneration* ; Rats* ; Transplants* ; Veins* ; Walking

PURPOSE: The vein graft was considered as a useful conduit for nerve defect. But the problem is that it might be collapsed in long vein graft state. A new experimental model using vein graft filled with hyaluronic acid was considered. METHODS: Thirty rats were used for the experimental animal. In group I, one side of the femoral nerve was exposed and a segment was removed about 15mm. The neural gap was connected with nerve graft. In group II, the nerve gap was connected with vein graft only. In group III, the nerve gap was connected with vein graft filled with hyaluronic acid. A walking track analysis was made periodically for 2 months and NCV(nerve conduction velocity) was executed at the end of the experiment. And morphologic studies were also done for all groups RESULTS: In a walking track analysis, the toe-spread was widen and the foot-length was lengthened. The recovery of the toe-spread and foot length was checked 2 weeks interval, periodically for two months. The SFI (sciatic function index) was -52.5+/-8.2 in group I, -68.1+/-4 in group II, -55.3+/-7.9 in group III. In electrophysiological study, NCV(nerve conduction velocity) was 26.71+/-3.11m/s in group I, 17.94+/-4.35 m/s in group II, 25.69+/-2.81m/s in group III. The functional recovery in group I and III was superior to that the group II statistically(p<0.05) Under electromicroscopic study, the number of the myelinated axons were 1419.1+/-240 in group I, 921.7+/-176.8 in group II, 1322.2+/-318 in group III. The number of the myelinated axons were much more in group I and III than group II statistically (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study suggested that the vein graft filled with hyaluronic acid is more effective than vein graft only for the conduit of the nerve gap. It was thought that the technique could be used in clinical cases with nerve defects as an alternative method to classical nerve grafts.
Animals ; Axons ; Femoral Nerve ; Foot ; Hyaluronic Acid* ; Models, Animal* ; Models, Theoretical ; Myelin Sheath ; Nerve Regeneration* ; Rats* ; Transplants* ; Veins* ; Walking

PURPOSE: To assess the value of CT for the differential diagnosis of malignant ovarian tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed CT scans of 31 patients with surgically confirmed 46 malignant ovarian tumors. (29 epithelial tumors, 9 Krukenberg tumors, 6 germ cell tumors, and 2 sex cord-stromal tumors.) CT scans were evaluated for the mass (bilaterality, size, internal component, and margin), peritoneal spread pattern, ascites, invasion of adjacent organ, and lymphadenopathy. RESULT: Bilateral masses were seen in epithelial or Krukenberg tumor in 61.1%(11/18) and 80%(4/5) respectively. Epithelial tumors showed predominantly cystic mass(37.9%, 11/29), irregular margin(82.8%, 24/29) of mass, and accompanying peritoneal and omental spread (66.7%, 12/18), whileKrukenberg tumor showed predominantly solid mass(55.5%, 5/9), smooth margin of mass(100%, 5/5), and no peritoneal and omental spread. All cases with germ cell tumor or sex cord-stromal tumor showed unilateral mass. Relatively young aged, unilateral solid (66.7%, 4/6) tumors were germ cell tumor. Of these cases, septa within solid portionof mass were prominent in all dysgerminoma. (3/3) CONCLUSION: CT may be a valuable tool for the differential diagnosis of malignant ovarian tumors.
Diagnosis, Differential* ; Dysgerminoma ; Humans ; Krukenberg Tumor ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumors ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Ganglioneuroma is the benign tumor exclusively composed of fully differentiated mature ganglion cell, Schwann cells and fibrous tissue. It develops most commonly in the posterior mediastinum and retroperitoneum but cutaneous involvement is exceedingly rare. Cutaneous tumor showing ganglion cells includes the following three entities: 1) primary ganglioneuroma, 2) well differentiated cutaneous metastasis from neuroblastoma, and 3) ganglioneuroma associated with von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis. Among them, the third has been considered as a neurofibroma with entrapment of ganglion cell. We described 2 cases of ganglioneuroma associated with von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis and reviewed the histopathological and immunohistochemical findings.
Ganglion Cysts ; Ganglioneuroma* ; Mediastinum ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neuroblastoma ; Neurofibroma ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Schwann Cells ; Skin

Glomus tumor is a benign lesion characterized by vessels and glomus cells in the varying proportion and it classically presents as a solitary, painful papule or nodule. Occasionally it displays unusual histopathologic features diagnosed as "atypical" glomus tumor, including malignant glomus tumor, glomus tumor of uncertain malignant potential, glomangiomatosis, and symplastic glomus tumor. Glomangiomatosis and symplastic glomus tumor reveal benign biologic behavior. We report herein a typical case of symplastic glomus tumor showing marked nuclear atypia, its only unusual feature comparing with classical one, in addition to the typical clinical and pathological features.
Glomus Tumor*

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to characterize the nature and elucidate the pathogenesis of hemodialysis ascites(HA), especially with regard to the levels of Serum Ascites Albumin radient(SAAG) and the degrees of hemodialysis adequacy(Kt/Vurea). METHODS: In the study group, seven cases of HA which had developed in 6 patients from Feb. 1997 through July 1998 were included. In the control group, 24 cases which had not developed HA were included. The study design was a retrospective. Analysis of ascites on WBC, total protein and albumin, cytology, ADA(Adenosine deaminase), osmolality, SAAG and routine work-up were performed in HA group. Serum total protein and albumin, C-reactive protein(CRP), osmolality, and routine liver function test were also checked. Kt/Vurea and weekly Kt/Vurea were calculated in both group. In statistical analyses, t-test and chi-square test were used. RESULTS: Mean SAAG of HA was >1.1(1.49+/-0.40) gm/dL, and mean concentration of total protein of HA was >2.5(4.26+/-0.58) gm/dL. The mean of weekly Kt/Vurea of patients with HA(2.61+/-0.85) was significantly lower than that of patients without HA(3.48+/-0.90)(p<0.05). Positive ratio of CRP in patients with HA was higher than that of patients without HA(p<0.05). Mean concentration of serum total protein was significantly higher in patients with HA than that of patients without HA but with comparable weekly Kt/Vurea levels(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: It is regarded that the nature of HA is an exudate having high SAAG over 1.1 gm/dL. Low weekly Kt/Vurea is suggested as a cause of HA. Chronic inflammation was also regarded as an important factor causing HA.
Ascites* ; Exudates and Transudates ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Liver Function Tests ; Osmolar Concentration ; Renal Dialysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Urea*