No abstract available.
Hand* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Animals ; Coculture Techniques* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Mice*

The prevalence of Loa loa infections in non-endemic areas such as Korea is very low, even though it is quite common in the endemic regions of West and Central Africa. We describe a patient who presented with temporary localized edema (classical Calabar swellings) after travelling to Cameroon and in whom the diagnosis of loiasis was made by ELISA. This is the second reported case of loiasis in Korea. As international travel is becoming more frequent, Loa loa infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis for patients with eosinophilia and Calabar swellings in Korea.
Adult ; Angioneurotic Edema/parasitology* ; Animal ; Antinematodal Agents/therapeutic use ; Arm/parasitology* ; Case Report ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Human ; Ivermectin/therapeutic use ; Loa/isolation & purification ; Loiasis/pathology* ; Loiasis/parasitology* ; Loiasis/complications ; Male ; Skin Diseases/pathology* ; Skin Diseases/parasitology*

Auriculotemporal neuropathy is a rare aetiology of orofacial pain. A 66-year old female patientpresented with severe, throbbing pain around the right ear after herpes zoster. The pain was consistentwith post-herpetic neuropathy and was not relieved by oral medications. To alleviate neuropathicpain, ultrasound-guided auriculotemporal nerve block was done. The pain was relieved completelyand the patient remained symptom-free until the last follow up at eight months after treatment. Withunderstanding of the anatomy and related symptoms of auriculotemporal nerve, auriculotemporalneuropathy can be controlled by ultrasound-guided auriculotemporal nerve block.

The index on myocardial contractility of pure mitral regurgitation(MR) after mitral valve replacement is believed to be useful in determining proper operation time before irreversible myocardial damage by volume overload. Thus the authors examined pre and post-operative echocardiographic results of 20 cases of pure MR patients who had been admitted to Pusan National University hospital and compared the usefulness of each index. Pre and post-operative echocardiographic results were as follows respectively ; 1) Left ventricular internal dimension in diastole(LVIDd) were 6.49+/-0.19cm and 5.51+/-0.17cm. 2) Left ventricular internal dimension in systole(LVIDs) were 4.26+/-0.12 and 3.79+/-0.18cm. 3) Ejection fraction were 71.28+/-1.57% and 59.24+/-3.05%. 4) Fractional shortening(FS) were 34.09+/-1.18% and 27.21+/-1.84%. 5) Mean Vcf were 1.53+/-0.08cm/sec and 1.18+/-0.09cm/sec. 6) Left ventricular end-diastolic volume index(EDVI) were 196.35+/-18.33cc/m2 and 98.46+/-9.96cc/m2. 7) Left ventricular end-systolic volume index(ESVI) were 55.28+/-5.12cc/m2 and 41.88+/-6.07cc/m2. 8) Left ventricular end-systolic wall stress/ESVI(ESS/ESVI) were 2.3+/-0.21 and 3.91+/-0.83. ESS/ESVI showed significantly(p<0.05) elevated postoperative change, LVIDd, LVIDs, EF, FS, EDVI, ESVI revealed significantly(p<0.05) reduced postoperative change whereas Mean Vcf had no postoperative change. After examining correlation between preoperative and postoperative results of each index, it is believed that LVIDd, LVIDs, and ESS/ESVI were useful prognostic indices but were unrelated to postoperative ejection phase indices such as EF, FS, and MEan Vcf. Especially in case of LVIDd>6cm, LVIDs>4cm, and ESS/ESVI<2, the prognosis was poor due to myocardial damage by mitral regurgitation.
Busan ; Echocardiography ; Humans ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency* ; Mitral Valve* ; Prognosis ; Stroke Volume

Pains derived from the temporomandibular joint are not treated easily. Recently, an arthroscopic surgical management has been reported, but its efficacy has not been proven yet. In this case report, we introduce an effective non-surgical treatment technique for the temporomandibular joint using a specially designed dry needle under ultrasonography guidance. Since the patient has pain related to mouth movement, accompanying decreased mouth opening, clicking sound or crepitus on physical examination, this approach will be helpful for pain relief and for functional recovery of the temporomandibular joint.
Humans ; Mouth ; Needles ; Physical Examination ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

OBJECTIVE: This research was performed to improve the health of Korean adolescents and to prepare adequate teaching programs by investigating their sexual cognition and behavior and preparing for adequate programs. METHODS: We conducted a survey of eighty thousand middle and high school students whose ages range from 13 to 18, during the period of September 1st, 2006 to October 30th, 2006. RESULTS: 78,593 people are polled and 71,404 people responded. Accordingly, the response rate was 90.0%: 52.1% (37,204) of the respondents were boys and 47.9% (34,200) were girls; 52.4% (37,420) of respondents were middle school students, 32.9% (23,500) of them were high school students, and 14.7% (10,479) of them were technical high school students. The rate of respondents who had experienced sexual relationship was 5.1%. The average age of starting sexual relationship was 14.2 year old. The rate of respondents who had experienced sexual relationship before they go to the middle school was 1.0%. The rate of pregnancy experience was 0.5%. The rate of respondents who were using a contraceptive method was 38.1%. The average boys age of having the first wet dream was 13.1 years old and girls of starting menstruation was 12.5 year old. The rate of using inappropriate contraception was 24.3%. The rate of having a sex education per a year was 62.0%. CONCLUSION: This research shows that the rate of adolescents who are experiencing sexual relationship is increasing. Besides, the age of adolescents starting sexual relationship is decreasing as their age of starting wet dream and menstruation decreases. As a result, it is strongly asserted that adequate sex education programs are indispensable to adolescents.
Adolescent ; Cognition ; Contraception ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Dreams ; Female ; Humans ; Menstruation ; Pregnancy ; Sex Education ; Sexual Behavior

OBJECTIVE: The survey was conducted to improve the health of Korean adolescents and to prepare adequate teaching programs by investigating their sexual behavior. METHODS: The participants of the survey was 80,000 middle and high school students aged 13 to 18. The survey was conducted from September 1st, 2007 to September 22nd, 2007. RESULTS: 78,834 students were surveyed and 74,698 (94.8%) students responded the survey. 35,232 (47.2%) of respondents were male students and 39,466 (52.8%) of respondents were female students. 38,820 (52.0%) of respondents were middle school students, 25,051 (33.5%) of respondents were high school students and 10,827 (14.5%) of respondents were technical high school students. 5.2% of respondents experienced sexual intercourse. The average age of the first sexual intercourse was 14.2 years old. 1.0% of respondents had a sexual intercourse before they enter the middle school. The pregnancy rate was 0.3%. Among respondents who experienced sexual intercourse, the rate of the use of contraceptive methods was 38.2%. The rate of using inappropriate contraceptive methods was 21.6%. The average age of a first wet dream for boys was 13.2 years old. The average age of menarche for girls was 12.4 year old. The rate of respondents who had a sex education was 72.2%. CONCLUSION: The average age of the first wet dream and menarche had been decreased. The average age of the first sex experience among adolescents had been decreased. The rate of adolescents who experienced a sexual intercourse was increased. However, the rate of using reliable contraceptive methods was very low. Therefore, adequate sex educations including effective contraceptive methods needs to be conducted to prevent unwanted pregnancy of adolescents.
Adolescent ; Aged ; Coitus ; Contraception ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Dreams ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Menarche ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Pregnancy, Unwanted ; Sex Education ; Sexual Behavior

OBJECTIVE: To compare quantitative muscle activation between erect and slouched sitting postures in the muscles around the scapula, and to investigate the correlation between the angle of thoracic kyphosis and the alteration of muscle activity depending on two different sitting postures. METHODS: Ten healthy males participated in the study. Unilateral surface electromyography (SEMG) was performed for serratus anterior, middle trapezius (MT), and lower trapezius (LT), which are scapular stabilizer muscles, as well as latissimus dorsi. Participants elevated their shoulders for 3 seconds up to 90° abduction in the scapular plane, tilting 30° anterior in the coronal plane. They were told to hold the position for 10 seconds and voluntary isometric contractions were recorded by SEMG. These movement procedures were conducted for three times each for erect and slouched sitting postures and data were averaged. RESULTS: Activities of MT and LT increased significantly more in the slouched sitting posture than in the erect one. There was no significant correlation between kyphotic angle and the area under curve of each muscle. CONCLUSION: Because MT and LT are known as prime movers of scapular rotation, the findings of this study support the notion that slouched sitting posture affects scapular movement. Such scapular dyskinesis during arm elevation leads to scapular stabilizers becoming overactive, and is relevant to muscle fatigue. Thus, slouched sitting posture could be one of the risk factors involved in musculoskeletal pain around scapulae.
Area Under Curve ; Arm ; Electromyography ; Humans ; Isometric Contraction ; Kyphosis ; Male ; Muscle Fatigue ; Muscles ; Musculoskeletal Pain ; Posture* ; Risk Factors ; Scapula ; Shoulder ; Superficial Back Muscles*

PURPOSE: To demonstrate the mammographic and sonographic appearances of metaplastic carcinoma of the breast. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The mammographic and sonographic findings in eight female patients (aged: 28-78 years, mean: 50.3 years) with pathologically proven metaplastic cancer were analyzed retrospectively by three radiologists. We analyzed the size, density, shape, margin, associated architectural distortion, calcification in the mass and enlarged lymph node at the axilla, on the mammograms. We also analyzed the shape, margin and echogenicity of the lesions on the sonograms. RESULTS: On mammography, irregular (n=4), lobular (n=2) or oval (n=2) shaped high density masses were found. The margins of the masses were indistinct (n=4) or obscured (n=3). There were architectural distortions in three cases and pleomorphic calcifications in two cases. On sonography, irregular (n=5) or oval (n=3) shaped masses with microlobulated margins were found. The echopatterns of the masses were complex (n=5) or hypoechoic (n=3). CONCLUSION: The mammographic and sonographic findings of metaplastic carcinoma of the breast are nonspecific and similar to those of other forms of breast cancer. However, this type of tumor should be included in the differential diagnosis for breast masses which appear as an irregular or oval shape with a microlobulated margin and a complex or hypoechoic echopattern on sonography.
Axilla ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Mammography ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography*