Children with cerebral palsy (CP) are often prescribed Rehabilitation and Seating Systems (RSS) to assist in daily activities, posture improvement and prevention of muscular-skeletal complications. In Sarawak, a special project to produce RSS was started under a partnership of a Japanese physiotherapist, health department and the community using local material.To document the RSS project and to determine usefulness and costaffordability of these systems for cerebral palsy children and their families. The details of RSS manufactured were retrieved from the clinic notes and secretary file. Parents of children who received the seating systems between July 2004 and September 2008 were invited to complete a 5-point Global Parental Perception Questionnaire (GPPQ) between December 2008 and January 2009.277 RSS were manufactured between July 2004 and February 2011 (which included modified wheel chair, wooden chair, corner chair, buggy chair and standing frame), and used by children all over Sarawak. Parents of 73 children who used the seating systems completed the 5-points GPPQ. Ten families required full sponsorship. Children spent more time sitting up and brought outdoor more often after the systems became available. Majority of parents reported positive experience in their children with sitting ability, smiles, interaction with people, learning skills and easiness of doing physiotherapy. No change was noted with passing of motion drooling / oral secretion. Most parents agreed that the cost was affordable and worth paying.A community based initiative to manufacture RSS by using locally available material and skill, at affordable price for the parents was feasible and useful for the family/children with CP.
Cerebral Palsy ; Child ; Rehabilitation

The study was conducted on 238 cerabral palsy palsy patients aged 0-68 years in 19 commune of Ha Tay province. In 41,2% of patients mobility function rehabilited by common methods, among them, 82% by oriental traditional medicine, 13% by western medicine method and 5% by combined methods, 24% by special methods. Provincial hospital played a very modeste role in functional rehabilitation from cerebral palsy and in Hospital at district level, the role was nearly none.
Cerebral Palsy/rehabilitation ; Rehabilitation ; Epimiology

Cerebral Palsy ; prevention & control ; rehabilitation ; therapy ; Child ; Humans

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the level of burden and social support of mothers with Cerebral Palsy (CP) children, and to determine whether providing social support is an effective strategy to relieve the burden of those mothers. METHOD: From October to November 2007, the data were collected from 63 mothers with CP children who were admitted and treated for CP at Y rehabilitation center in Seoul. The data were analyzed with t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, and Stepwise Multiple Regression using SPSS 12.0. RESULTS: Burden of mothers was related to the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) of the CP children. Social support was negatively correlated and GMFCS was positively correlated with burden of mothers. Social support and GMFCS was statistically significantly related with burden of mothers with CP children by multiple regression analysis. CONCLUSION: There was a significantly negative correlation between social support and burden. It demonstrated that social support, an important factor relating to burden imposed on mothers of CP children, can be considered as an intervening variable which can contribute to decrease of burden. In addition, applying developmental screening measures are needed to decrease disability severity.
Cerebral Palsy ; Child ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Mothers ; Rehabilitation Centers

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of body weight- supported treadmill training on gait pattern in children with cerebral palsy METHOD: Seventeen children with cerebral palsy were given with body weight-supported treadmill training. The gait training was offered on treadmill and they were trained five times a week, 20 minutes a session for three weeks. To evaluate the ambulatory function, we estimated the walking distance for one minute and gait analysis before and after the treatment. Gait analysis was done for 11 children with Vicon 370 computerized gait analyzer and linear parameters, kinematic and kinetic data were obtained. RESULTS: Walking distance for one minute increased from 6.74+/-6.16 m to 11.06+/-7.98 m. In linear parameters by gait analysis, gait speed (0.15+/-0.18 m/sec to 0.23+/-0.24 m/sec, p<0.05), cadence (53.0+/-26.3 steps/min to 65.9+/-35.7 steps/min, p<0.05), and stride length (0.30+/-0.17 meters to 0.35+/-0.18 meters, p<0.05) increased following body weight-supported treadmill training. Also, there was a significant difference in knee flexion during loading response. CONCLUSION: In rehabilitation of cerebral palsy, body weight- supported treadmill training improved gait pattern. So, we recommend this gait training method for children with cerebral palsy.
Cerebral Palsy* ; Child ; Gait ; Humans ; Knee ; Rehabilitation ; Walking

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the level of depression, anxiety and self consciousness in mothers of cerebral palsy (CP) children according to the clinical type and family type. METHOD: 39 mothers of CP children and 42 mothers of normal children (control) completed Beck Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Ego strength scale and Family Adaptation and Cohesion Evaluation Scale. The data were tatistically analyzed. There were no significant differences in mother's age, children's age and monthly income between the CP mothers and control. RESULTS: Mothers of CP children showed significantly higher level of BDI and State anxiety(p<0.05), but there were no significant differences in the Trait anxiety. There were no differences in the BDI and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory according to the clinical severity and duration of CP children. There were no difference in BDI and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory according to the family adaptation and cohesion. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to consider emotional problem of mothers with cerebral palsy children and support psychologically in comprehensive rehabilitation.
Anxiety* ; Cerebral Palsy* ; Child* ; Consciousness ; Depression* ; Ego ; Humans ; Mothers* ; Rehabilitation

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical usefulness of the transdermal scopolamine patch applied to control drooling of saliva in patients with cerebral palsy. METHOD: We enrolled twenty two patients with cerebral palsy residing in a rehabilitation center. The mean age of the patients was 24.0 years old. Transdermal scopolamine patch was applied to the patients for 2 weeks. We measured drooling quantity, severity of drooling, and visual analog scale of care givers' labor intensity at pre-application, post 1 week, and post 2 weeks. RESULTS: Drooling quantity decreased significantly from 4.1+/-1.9 ml to 2.8+/-1.5 ml at post 1 week (p<0.01), and 2.2+/-1.6 ml at post 2 weeks (p<0.01). Severity of drooling decreased from 4.1+/-0.8 to 2.9+/-1.1 at post 2 weeks (p<0.01). Visual analog scale of care givers' labor intensity decreased from 78.2+/-17.4 (mm) to 52.7+/-18.6 at post 1 week (p<0.01), and 45.9+/-22.8 at post 2 weeks (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: These findings suggested that the transdermal scopolamine patch is effective to reduce the drooling of saliva in patients with cerebral palsy within short term.
Cerebral Palsy ; Humans ; Rehabilitation Centers ; Saliva ; Scopolamine Hydrobromide ; Sialorrhea

OBJECTIVE: To propose a kind of robotic ankle-foot rehabilitation system for children with cerebral palsy and to preliminarily verify its feasibility in clinical application. METHODS: A robot assisted ankle-foot rehabilitation system was specially designed and developed for children with cerebral palsy and a preliminary clinical study was conducted in Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Peking University First Hospital. Modified Tardieu Scale and joint biomechanical properties (ankle plantar flexion resistance torque under different ankle dorsiflexion angles) were measured to analyze the muscle tone and soft tissue compliance of the ankle plantar flexors pre- and post-robotic training intervention. Six children with cerebral palsy (4 girls and 2 boys, mean age: 7 years) were recruited in this study. Each subject received 5 session robotic training and each session included 10-cycle passive stretching and static hold. SPSS 19.0 software was used for data statistical analysis. RESULTS: Both R1 and R2 angles of Modified Tardieu Scale for ankle plantar flexors after training were significantly higher than those before the treatments (Gastrocnemius: P_R1=0.003, P_R2=0.029; Soleus: P_R1=0.002, P_R2=0.034). The difference between R2 and R1 was of no statistical difference before and after the training (P=0.067 and P=0.067, respectively). After training, the ankle plantar flexion resistance torque under different dorsiflexion angles (0°, 10°, 20°, 30°) were significantly reduced than those before training (P=0.001, P=0.001, P=0.014, P=0.002, respectively). CONCLUSION The robot assisted ankle-foot rehabilitation system can improve the contracture and soft tissue compliance of cerebral palsy children's ankle plantar flexors. All the children in the study were well tolerated and interested with the training, easy to accept and cooperate with it. This device may be suitable for application in the rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy. However, further randomized clinical trials with larger sample size are still needed to verify the long term efficacy of this device.
Ankle ; Ankle Joint/physiopathology* ; Cerebral Palsy/rehabilitation* ; Child ; Contracture/rehabilitation* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Robotics

The purpose of this study was to compare gait pattern and energy consumption in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy, when using anterior and posterior walkers, and to determine which walker should be recommended as a walking aid for these children. Ten spastic diplegic cerebral palsied children, of average age 9 years, were enrolled in this study. Before assessment, they had all received a practice period of 1-month to familiarize themselves with both types of walker. Gait characteristics were evaluated by computer-based kinematic gait analysis using Vicon 370 Motion Analysis, and energy expenditure was determined by KBI-C while they were using the walkers. The oxygen consumption rate was significantly lower whilst using the posterior walker, as was the oxygen cost. Walking velocity and cadence on gait analysis showed no significant difference between the walker types. However, step length, single support time and double support time were significantly different for the two walkers. Flexion angles of the trunk, hip and knee were lower using a posterior walker. Gait analysis data and oxygen consumption measurements indicated that the posterior walker has more advantages in terms of upright positioning and energy conservation than the anterior walker.
Biomechanics ; Cerebral Palsy/rehabilitation* ; Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology* ; Cerebral Palsy/complications ; Child ; Comparative Study ; Energy Metabolism* ; Equipment Design ; Female ; Gait* ; Human ; Male ; Paraplegia/rehabilitation* ; Paraplegia/physiopathology* ; Paraplegia/complications ; Walkers/standards*

Botulinum Toxins, Type A ; therapeutic use ; Cerebral Palsy ; physiopathology ; rehabilitation ; Child ; China ; Humans