ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the reliability of the OneCeph application according to personal computer (PC), tablet and smartphone screen size in comparison with Dolphin software on PC as a gold standard. Cephalometric landmarks were identified on 100 digital radiographs. Twenty-four cephalometric measurements were made with Dolphin software as a gold standard comparing with OneCeph application on smartphone (OS), OneCeph on PC (OP) and OneCeph on tablet (OT). All measurements were repeated after four weeks for intra-examiner reliability with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). One-way ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis test were done for measurement comparison between methods (Dolphin, OS, OP and OT). Results for OneCeph on smartphone and tablet, 21 measurements were comparable with Dolphin while other three (NLA, H-angle and UL to S-plane) were not. In OneCeph on PC, 20 measurements were comparable with Dolphin while other four (NLA, H-angle, U1 to A-point and UL to S-plane) were not. All different measurements were clinically insignificant except H-angle. Intra-examiner reliability represented ICC above 0.9. In conclusion, OneCeph application on three different screen size is reliable to use for cephalometric measurement. Most of the measurements are comparable with gold standard and adequate to be utilised in clinical routine. OneCeph on smartphone and tablet are advantageous from the portable feature over PC.
Cephalometry--instrumentation

Here in this paper introduced is an analysis system for X-ray cephalometry developed through Windows platform,which includes three parts: data input, cephalometry analysis & calculation, and display & printing of diagnostic results. It has been applied in orthodontic department of Stomatological Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, and it is quite convenient for doctors' cephalometry diagnosis.
Cephalometry ; instrumentation ; Computers ; Humans ; Medical Records Systems, Computerized ; instrumentation ; Orthodontics ; instrumentation ; methods ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; instrumentation ; Radiography ; instrumentation ; Software

Modern photo-mechanics testing techniques are widely used in industrial circles and academic circles. In order to solve the problem of biomedical engineering, shadow moiré method is used in oral and dental area in our study. A molar tooth was tested by phase shift shadow moiré method. Through testing molar tooth, the results show that shadow moiré method could be used for measuring the appearance of the oral area and concave and convex parts of molar tooth could also be distinguished and shown by interference patterns. The characteristics of shadow moirh are that it does't need exerting load on the specimen and could realize non-contact measurement.
Cephalometry ; methods ; Humans ; Moire Topography ; instrumentation ; statistics & numerical data ; Molar ; anatomy & histology ; Photography

OBJECTIVETo investigate the soft and hard tissue changes in Class II division 1 patients treated with Tip-Edge plus technique.

METHODSSixteen Class II division 1 patients (7 boys and 9 girls) with mandibular retrusion in permanent dentition were selected and treated with Tip-Edge plus appliance. Lateral cephalometric films were analyzed before and after treatment. The effects were evaluated with Holdaway soft tissues analysis and routine cephalometric analysis methods. The arithmetic mean and standard deviation were calculated for each variable. Paired t-test was performed.

RESULTSThe average treatment time was 16 months. Normal overjet and overbite were established with retroclination of upper incisors and proclination of lower incisors. U1-NA(°) and U1-NA (mm) decreaed by (15.40 ± 5.31)° and (4.16 ± 1.82) mm (P < 0.01). NLA showed an average increase of (-16.60 ± 5.29)° (P < 0.01). Remarkable soft tissue change was noted after the treatment.

CONCLUSIONSThe profile in Class II division 1 patients could be quickly and efficiently improved after treatment with Tip-Edge plus technique.

Adolescent ; Cephalometry ; Child ; Esthetics, Dental ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Malocclusion, Angle Class II ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Orthodontic Wires ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; instrumentation ; methods ; Radiography, Panoramic

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to observe the effects of Tip-Edge Differential Straight-Arch Technique in treating Angle II (1) malocclusion.

METHODS13 adults with Angle II (1) malocclusion were treated with Tip-Edge appliance. The results of cephalometric measurements before and after treatment were statistically analyzed.

RESULTSThe average treatment time was 16.2 months. The results of cephalometric measurement showed that UIC-AP decreased by 3.72 mm (P < 0.01), LIC-AP decreased by 1.03 mm (P < 0.01), LIC-MP decreased by 1.59 mm (P < 0.01), L6-MP increased by 0.99 mm (P <0.05), the over jet decreased by 3.73 mm (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONTip-Edge appliance can effectively change the dento-alveolar position by means of the differential mechanics.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cephalometry ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Malocclusion, Angle Class II ; therapy ; Orthodontic Appliance Design ; Orthodontic Appliances ; Orthodontic Brackets ; Orthodontic Wires ; Tooth Movement Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Fränkel II appliance on the upper airway of children.

METHODSThe subjects consisted of 20 patients with Angle Class II, division I malocclusion (10 males and 10 females). The ages of all cases were ranged in 9-10 years. Each experimental subject was also served as self-control and cephalometric analysis was conducted.

RESULTSCompared with the results of pretreatment, the distance of PNS-Ba, SPP-SPPW, P-T, V-LPW and the Mcnamara line increased remarkably.

CONCLUSIONThe Fränkel II appliance can improve the sagittal dimensions of the upper airway in children.

Cephalometry ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Malocclusion, Angle Class II ; pathology ; therapy ; Orthodontic Appliances, Functional ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; instrumentation ; Pharynx ; anatomy & histology ; Radiography ; Respiratory System ; anatomy & histology ; Skull ; diagnostic imaging

Adult ; Cephalometry ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; Mandibular Advancement ; instrumentation ; methods ; Orthodontic Appliances, Removable ; Polysomnography ; Radiography ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy

INTRODUCTIONThe objective of this study was to investigate whether a reduction of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) severity is associated with significant airway and craniofacial changes with mandibular advancement device (MAD) in Chinese subjects.

MATERIALS AND METHODSA total of 14 Chinese subjects (8 males, 6 females) diagnosed with OSA by overnight polysomnography (PSG), were fitted with the MAD. The mean +/- standard deviation baseline apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) was 38.4 +/- 17.2 and minimum arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) was 75.5 +/- 11.1%. The second lateral cephalogram was taken (wearing the MAD) after the second PSG. The second PSG was indicated when symptoms have improved as shown by the Epworth Sleepiness Score and sleep questionnaire after wearing the MAD for 1 month. Comparison of cephalometric variables was done to evaluate the effects of the MAD on the upper airway and anatomical variables. Pre-treatment versus post-treatment variables were compared using Wilcoxon signedrank test to determine the statistical significance at the 5% levels. The changes in airway variables were correlated with the changes in AHI using the Spearman correlation test.

RESULTSAt the second polysomnogram, AHI was significantly reduced to 10.9 +/- 14.7. Minimum SaO2 was significantly increased to 86 +/- 8.4%. Mean airway dimension was significantly increased at the nasopharyngeal area from 22.7 +/- 3.0 mm to 24.8 +/- 2.1 mm. The distance of the hyoid bone to the mandibular plane was significantly reduced with the MAD from a mean of 21.2 +/- 5.7 mm to 13.9 +/- 7.0 mm (P <0.05). This reduction of the distance of the hyoid bone to the mandibular plane was significantly correlated with the reduction in the AHI.

CONCLUSIONAn increase in the nasopharyngeal airway and reduction of the distance of the hyoid bone to the mandibular plane was observed for this sample of Chinese OSA subjects. This study forms the baseline for future studies on the effects of MAD on the airway and craniofacial structures in a larger sample.

Cephalometry ; China ; Facial Bones ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Hyoid Bone ; pathology ; Male ; Mandible ; pathology ; Mandibular Advancement ; instrumentation ; Occlusal Splints ; Palate, Soft ; pathology ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; pathology ; therapy ; Tongue ; pathology

The aim of this retrospective study was to quantitatively evaluate the treatment effects of intrusion of overerupted maxillary molars using miniscrew implant anchorage and to investigate the apical root resorption after molar intrusion. The subjects included 30 patients whose average ages were 35.5±9.0 years. All patients had received intrusion treatments for overerupted maxillary molars with miniscrew anchorage. There were 38 maxillary first molars and 26 maxillary second molars to be intruded. Two miniscrews were inserted in the buccal and palatal alveolar bone mesial to the overerupted molar. Force of 100-150 g was applied by the elastic chains between screw head and attachment on each side. Lateral cephalograms and panoramic radiographs taken before and after intrusion were used to evaluate dental changes and root resorption of molars. Only 6 of the 128 miniscrews failed. The first and second molars were significantly intruded by averages of 3.4 mm and 3.1 mm respectively (P<0.001). The average intrusion time was more than 6 months. The crown of the molars mesially tilted by averages of 3.1 degrees and 3.3 degrees (P<0.001) for first and second molars. The amounts of root resorption were 0.2-0.4 mm on average. The intrusion treatment of overerupted molars with miniscrew anchorages could be used as an efficient and reliable method to recover lost restoration space for prosthesis. Radiographically speaking, root resorption of molars was not clinically significant after application of intrusive forces of 200 to 300 g.
Adult ; Bone Screws ; Cephalometry ; Dental Implantation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maxilla ; Middle Aged ; Molar ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures ; instrumentation ; methods ; Radiography, Dental ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Root Resorption ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Tooth Movement Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the imtrusion of overerupted molars with microscrews as anchorage.

METHODSThirteen adult patients were treated with microscrew anchorage and fixed appliances. Twenty-three overerupted posterior maxillary teeth were intruded. The intrusive movement was investigated on cephalometric radiographs.

RESULTSThe molars were intruded and the occlusal plane was corrected successfully in all patients. The treatment period of intrusion was from 5 to 18 months (mean 10.4 months). Significant true intrusion of overerupted maxillary molars, ranged from 0.45 mm to 7.00 mm [mean (2.86 +/- 1.80) mm], was achieved (P < 0.001). The apical root resorption was not clinically significant and the bone level was unchanged.

CONCLUSIONSThe microscrew anchorage and fixed appliances were applicable and efficacious for intrusion of overerupted maxillary molars.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Cephalometry ; Dental Implantation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maxilla ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Molar ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures ; instrumentation ; methods ; Tooth Movement Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult