Cellulose was prepared successfully from rice straw by alkali and acid method and bleached by hydrogen peroxide. The effects of percentages of sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide and bleaching method on quality of the cellulose were studied. The product meets requirements of the pharmaceutical grade and may be applied for producing tablets.
cellulose ; Drug Compounding

Microcrystalline cellulise was prepared successfully from cellulose was prepared successfully from cellulose of rice straw by selective hydrolytic method in dilute hydrochloride acid. Effects of percentages of hydrochloride acid, duration of hydrolysis process on productivity and coloration of the Microcrystalline cellulose collected were studied. The product was standardized and complied with it is standard. The product may be applied for producing tablets.
cellulose ; Drug Compounding

Bagasse, an abundant available waste has high -cellulose content (more than 38%) and less than 1.5% as content. In Vietnam, bagasse from refinery at VietTri, VanDiem has cellilose content more than 48%. Powdered cellulose, which is used as a tablet diluent, can be prepared from bagasse. Product is a white powder and loses less than 5.7% of its weight when dried. The supernatant liquid of a 10% dispersion in water has a pH of 7.02.
cellulose ; Drug Compounding

No abstract available.
Cellulose* ; Rhinitis, Allergic*

The shortage of medical resources promotes medical treatment reform, and smart healthcare is a promising strategy to solve this problem. With the development of Internet, real-time health status is expected to be monitored at home by using flexible healthcare systems, which puts forward new demands on flexible substrates for sensors. Currently, the flexible substrates are mainly traditional petroleum-based polymers, which are not renewable. As a natural polymer, cellulose, owing to its wide range of sources, convenient processing, biodegradability and so on, is an ideal alternative. In this review, the application progress of nanocellulose in flexible sensors is summarized. The structure and the modification methods of cellulose and nanocellulose are introduced at first, and then the application of nanocellulose flexible sensors in real-time medical monitoring is summarized. Finally, the advantages and future challenges of nanocellulose in the field of flexible sensors are discussed.
Cellulose/chemistry* ; Hydrogels/chemistry* ; Polymers

The formation of adhesion following strabismus surgery may result in restrictive ocular motility dysfunction. We performed conventional recessions of both inferior and superior rectus muscle in right eyes of 11 white rabbits as control group and a sheet of 2 x 2 mm absorbable cellulose(Interceed, TC7) was inserted between rectus muscle and conjunctiva in left eyes of 11 rabbits as interceed group in the hope of preventing postoperative adhesion. We examined conjunctival injection, corneal abrasion, scleral necrosis and discharge at 1st, 2nd day, 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th week following surgery and examined muscle adhesion powers by spring gauge and degrees of adhesion by blunt disection and histopathologic examination with light microscope at 6th week. The postoperative corneal and conjunctival findings and muscle adhesion powers were similar but degrees of adhesion at both blunt dissection and histopathologic examination revealed statistically significant reduction of adhesion in absorbable cellulose group than control group. From these findings, it would appear that the use of absorbable cellulose is effective in preventing postoperative adhesion following strabismus surgery .
Cellulose, Oxidized ; Conjunctiva ; Hope ; Necrosis ; Rabbits* ; Strabismus*

Avicel is made of a mixture of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and used for virus plaque assay. The avicel in common use is produced by FMC Biopolymer. Due to the relatively fixed proportion of MCC and CMC, avicel in common use is not suitable for plaque determination experiment of all types of viruses. In this study, we evaluated the effect of avicel made of different proportions of MCC and CMC on virus plaque assay, and developed an improved avicel virus plaque assay featured with simple and convenient operation, good practicability and high stability. To generate avicel overlays with different proportions of MCC and CMC, twelve different 2×avicel solutions were prepared. Their overall viscosity and bottom viscosity were measured to evaluate the ease of operation. The results showed that most of the 2×avicel solutions (except the 4.8% MCC+1.4% CMC and 4.8% MCC+1.0% CMC group) were easy to absorb and prepare nutrient overlap than 2×CMC solution. In order to find the best scheme to detect the titer of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), these avicel overlay solutions with different proportion of MCC and CMC were used as a replacement in the standard plaque assay. By comparing the size, clarity, stability and titer accuracy of virus plaque, we identified that 0.6% MCC and 0.7% CMC was the most preferable composition of avicel overlay for PEDV plaque assay. In conclusion, we developed an improved virus plaque assay based on avicel, which may facilitate the research of virus etiology, antiviral drugs and vaccines.
Animals ; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium/chemistry* ; Cellulose/chemistry* ; Swine

Purification and characterization of intracellular cellulase produced by A. oryzae ITCC-4857.01 are reported. The enzyme was purified by ion-exchange chromatography using DEAE-cellulose followed by Gel filtration. The purification achieved was 41 fold from the crude extract with yield of 27%. The purified enzyme showed single band on poly acrylamide gel. The molecular weight as determined by SDS-PAGE and gel filtration was 38 KDa and 38.6 KDa respectively and contained only one subunit. The enzyme is glycoprotien as nature and contained 0.67% neutral sugar. The apparent Km value of the enzyme against cellulose was 0.83%. The enzyme showed the highest relative ativities on CMC followed by avicel, salicin and filter paper. The optimum pH of activity was 5.5 and very slight activity was observed at or above pH 7.5 as well as bellow pH 3.5. The optimum tempreture of the activity was 45degrees C and the highest activity was exhibited in 35 to 45degrees C. The enzyme lost their activities almost completely (95~100%) at 80 degrees C or above and as well as bellow 25degrees C.
Acrylamide ; Aspergillus ; Aspergillus oryzae ; Benzyl Alcohols ; Cellulase ; Cellulose ; Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose ; Chromatography, Gel ; Chromatography, Ion Exchange ; DEAE-Cellulose ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Glucosides ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Molecular Weight ; Oryza

Cellulosic ethanol, with the advantages of renewable resource, cleanliness and safety, is the mainstream of new energy development and has obtained extensive attention worldwide. In this review, the biological characteristics of beets were introduced, and then the superiority and application progress of beets and its by-product sugar beet pulp in the bioethanol production were stated. At last, cellulosic ethanol production coupled with the component separation and comprehensive utilization of beet pulp was proposed.
Beta vulgaris ; chemistry ; Biofuels ; Cellulose ; chemistry ; Ethanol ; chemistry

The design space of the high shear wet granulation process was established and validated within the framework of quality by design (QbD). The system of microcrystalline cellulose-de-ioned water was used in this study. The median granule size and bulk density of granules were identified as critical quality attributes. Plackeet-Burmann experimental design was used to screen these factors as follows: dry mixing time, the impeller and chopper speed of dry mixing, water amount, water addition time, wet massing time, the impeller and chopper speed of wet massing and drying time. And the optimization was implemented with the central composite experimental design based on screened critical process parameters. The design space of the high shear wet granulation process was established based on the quadratic polynomial regression model. Since the P-values of both models were less than 0.05 and values of lack of fit were more than 0.1, the relationship between critical quality attributes and critical process parameters could be well described by the two models. The reliability of design space, illustrated by overlay plot, was improved with the addition of 95% confidence interval. For those granules whose process parameters were in the design space, the granule size could be controlled within 250 to 355 μm, and the bulk density could be controlled within a range of 0.4 to 0.6 g x cm(-3). The robustness and flexibility of the high shear wet granulation process have been enhanced via the establishment of the design space based on the QbD concept.
Cellulose ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Water