OBJECTIVETo explore the impact of microwave radiation on GC-2spd cells.

METHODSWe exposed cultured GC-2spd cells to microwave radiation at the average power densities of 0, 10 and 30 mW/cm2 for 15 minutes and, from I to 24 hours after the exposure, we observed the changes in cell proliferation, histology and ultrastructure, cell apoptosis, and cAMP content by MTIT, light microscopy, electron microscopy, flow cytometry and ELISA.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the GC-2spd cells showed a significant decrease in proliferation ability at 1 -24 hours after 10 and 30 mW/cm2 microwave radiation, except at 12 hours after 30 mW/cm2 radiation (P <0.05 or P <0.01), with reduced length and number of cell enation and increased intra cytoplasm vacuoles. The rate of cell apoptosis (%) was significantly increased in the 10 and 30 mW/cm2 groups at 6 hours (4.56 +/- 2.09 vs 14.59 +/- 1.09 and 8.48 +/- 1.73, P <0.05 or P <0.01) , with agglutination and margin translocation of chromatins and obvious dilation of endo cytoplasmic reticula. The cAMP content (nmol/g) in the GC-2spd cells was remarkably reduced in the 10 and 30 mW/cm2 groups at 6 and 24 hours (2.77 +/-0.24 vs 1.65+/- 0. 17 and 1.96+/-0.10, 3.02 +/-0.47 vs 2.13 +/-0.33 and 1.69 +/-0.27, P <0.05 or P <0.01).

CONCLUSIONMicrowave radiation at 10 and 30 mW/cm2 may cause injury to GC-2spd cells, which is manifested by decreased content of intracellular cAMP, reduced activity of cell proliferation, and increased rate of cell apoptosis.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; radiation effects ; Cell Line ; radiation effects ; Cell Proliferation ; radiation effects ; Male ; Mice ; Microwaves ; adverse effects ; Spermatocytes ; radiation effects

OBJECTIVETo explore the method of inducing and building pancreatic cancer cell sublines with radiation resistance.

METHODSSimulating the clinical radiotherapy, the pancreatic cell lines SW1990, Capan-1 (Cap), AsPC-1 (ASPC), P3, PANC-1 (Pan-1) and MIAPaCa-2 (MIA) were repeatedly given individual dose of X-rays with liner accelerator to induce radiation resistance, the changes of cell morphology, cell cycle and radio sensibility in the induced cell lines were compared with the parental cell lines at the end of inducing course.

RESULTSCompared with the parental cells, there were significant changes in morphology in the pancreatic cancer cell sublines after the radiation. Cell cycle analysis suggested that SW1990-R, ASPC-R, MIA-R, PAN-R and P3-R had lower G(2)/M and greater SF(2) (survival fraction after 2 Gy irradiation) compared with the parental cell lines.

CONCLUSIONSThe method of radiating cells step by step and repeatedly is viable to establish radio-resistant pancreatic cancer cell lines.

Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Cell Cycle ; radiation effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; radiation effects ; Cell Shape ; radiation effects ; Cell Size ; radiation effects ; Cell Survival ; radiation effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Humans ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Radiation Tolerance

In th is paper, an Extremely Low Frequency Multi-waveform Electromagnetic Field Generator has been developed with single chip computer, which provides pulsed, rectangular, triangular and sinusoidal magnetic field with the frequency range from 0-150 Hz and the intensity range from 0-50 mT. The application shows that the device is easy to operate and the parameters of magnetic fields are stable. It has provided successful application in the experiments on biological effects of magnetics and has obtained valuable result.
Cell Differentiation ; radiation effects ; Cell Proliferation ; radiation effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Electromagnetic Fields ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Magnetics ; instrumentation ; Osteoblasts ; radiation effects

This study investigated that whether a 2 mT, 60 Hz, sinusoidal electromagnetic field (EMF) alters the structure and function of cells. This research compared the effects of EMF on four kinds of cell lines: hFOB 1.19 (fetal osteoblast), T/G HA-VSMC (aortic vascular smooth muscle cell), RPMI 7666 (B lymphoblast), and HCN-2 (cortical neuronal cell). Over 14 days, cells were exposed to EMF for 1, 3, or 6 hours per day (hrs/d). The results pointed to a cell type-specific reaction to EMF exposure. In addition, the cellular responses were dependent on duration of EMF exposure. In the present study, cell proliferation was the trait most sensitive to EMF. EMF treatment promoted growth of hFOB 1.19 and HCN-2 compared with control cells at 7 and 14 days of incubation. When the exposure time was 3 hrs/d, EMF enhanced the proliferation of RPMI 7666 but inhibited that of T/G HA- VSMC. On the other hand, the effects of EMF on cell cycle distribution, cell differentiation, and actin distribution were unclear. Furthermore, we hardly found any correlation between EMF exposure and gap junctional intercellular communication in hFOB 1.19. This study revealed that EMF might serve as a potential tool for manipulating cell proliferation.
Signal Transduction ; Microfilaments/radiation effects ; Humans ; Gap Junctions/metabolism/radiation effects ; *Electromagnetic Fields ; Cell Proliferation/radiation effects ; Cell Physiology/*radiation effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Differentiation/radiation effects ; Cell Cycle/radiation effects

This study investigated that whether a 2 mT, 60 Hz, sinusoidal electromagnetic field (EMF) alters the structure and function of cells. This research compared the effects of EMF on four kinds of cell lines: hFOB 1.19 (fetal osteoblast), T/G HA-VSMC (aortic vascular smooth muscle cell), RPMI 7666 (B lymphoblast), and HCN-2 (cortical neuronal cell). Over 14 days, cells were exposed to EMF for 1, 3, or 6 hours per day (hrs/d). The results pointed to a cell type-specific reaction to EMF exposure. In addition, the cellular responses were dependent on duration of EMF exposure. In the present study, cell proliferation was the trait most sensitive to EMF. EMF treatment promoted growth of hFOB 1.19 and HCN-2 compared with control cells at 7 and 14 days of incubation. When the exposure time was 3 hrs/d, EMF enhanced the proliferation of RPMI 7666 but inhibited that of T/G HA- VSMC. On the other hand, the effects of EMF on cell cycle distribution, cell differentiation, and actin distribution were unclear. Furthermore, we hardly found any correlation between EMF exposure and gap junctional intercellular communication in hFOB 1.19. This study revealed that EMF might serve as a potential tool for manipulating cell proliferation.
Signal Transduction ; Microfilaments/radiation effects ; Humans ; Gap Junctions/metabolism/radiation effects ; *Electromagnetic Fields ; Cell Proliferation/radiation effects ; Cell Physiology/*radiation effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Differentiation/radiation effects ; Cell Cycle/radiation effects

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of low doses X-ray on proliferation of hippocampal pyramidal cell in the area of CA1 in prenatal rat and its relevant mechanism.

METHODSA total of 25 pregnant rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups and one control group. The experimental groups, in a duration of consistent 18 days, respectively received different doses as follows: 0.015 mGy/d, 0.03 mGy/d, 0.06 mGy/d and 0.09 mGy/d. The control group received sham radiation. To observe the density and width of hippocampal pyramidal cell in the area of CA1 by HE stained and observe the expression of the ERK1/2 by IHM.

RESULTS(1) Except C group, all other groups presented increment in width of the level of hippocampal pyramidal cell, compared with C group; H group, M group, L1 group and L2 group were higher than that (F value respectively were 8.475, 33.42, 14.395, 44.955; P value respectively were 0.002, 0.048, 0.030, 0.012). But the phenomenon of inhomogeneity in width in H group was observed, at the same time, the density of cell in H group became looser (F = 4.466, P = 0.017). (2) The expression of ERK1/2 in the hippocampus CA1 was seen in cytoplasm of every group, the average optical density of positive ERK1/2 protein significantly increased in L1 group and L2 group, compared with control group respectively (F value respectively were 4.561, 4.103, P value respectively were 0.044, 0.035).

CONCLUSIONLow doses X-ray could promote proliferation of hippocampus CA1 cell in prenatal. The reason could be the increment of the ERK1/2 protein induced by X-ray. When the doses reached 0.09 mGy/d, the excesses proliferation phenomenon was observed.

Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; radiation effects ; Female ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; radiation effects ; Male ; Maternal Exposure ; Neurons ; cytology ; radiation effects ; Pregnancy ; Pyramidal Cells ; cytology ; radiation effects ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Rats ; X-Rays

To explore the biological effects of light on trabecular cells, cultured bovine trabecular cells were exposed to visible light of different wavelength with different energy. Cellular morphology, structure, proliferation, and phagocytosis were observed. The cells showed no remarkable changes when the energy was low. When the exposure energy reached 1.12 mW/cm2, the cytoplasm showed a rough appearance, and cell proliferation and phagocytosis decreased. This phototoxicity was strong with white light (compound chromatic light), moderate with violet light or yellow light, and mild with red light.
Animals ; Cattle ; Cell Proliferation ; radiation effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Light ; Phagocytosis ; radiation effects ; Trabecular Meshwork ; cytology ; radiation effects

To explore the biological effects of light on trabecular cells, cultured bovine trabecular cells were exposed to visible light of different wavelength with different energy. Cellular morphology, structure, proliferation, and phagocytosis were observed. The cells showed no remarkable changes when the energy was low. When the exposure energy reached 1.12 mW/cm2, the cytoplasm showed a rough appearance, and cell proliferation and phagocytosis decreased. This phototoxicity was strong with white light (compound chromatic light), moderate with violet light or yellow light, and mild with red light.
Cell Proliferation/radiation effects ; Cells, Cultured ; *Light ; Phagocytosis/radiation effects ; Trabecular Meshwork/cytology ; Trabecular Meshwork/*radiation effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of linear polarized infrared light irradiation on the proliferation of primary cultured rabbit articular chondrocytes irradiation.

METHODSPrimary cultured rabbit articular chondrocytes were irradiated with linear polarized infrared light irradiation (Super Lizer) at the power intensity of 20% (360 mW) to 100% (1800 mW) for 5 min per day for 5 days, and CCK-8 assay was used to measure the proliferative activity of the chondrocytes after the exposures.

RESULTSThe D(450) values of the cells irradiated at the power intensity of 60% (1080 mW) and 80% (1440 mW) (1.88∓0.11 and 1.99∓0.05, respectively) were significantly greater than that of the control cells (0.95∓0.38, P<0.05). The irradiation with Super Lizer at lower (20%, 360 mW and 40%, 720 mW) or higher (100%, 1800 mW) power intensities did not cause significant increases of the D(450) values. Compared with the control group, Super Lizer irradiation at the power intensities of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% resulted in increment ratios of chondrocyte viability of (48.75∓15.4 )%, (67.02∓29.61)%, (97.93∓11.57)%, and (108.52∓5.81)%, respectively, but at 100% power intensity (1800 mW), the irradiation caused a lowered chondrocyte viability increment ratio of (62.84∓31.12)%.

CONCLUSIONLinear polarized infrared light irradiation can promote the proliferation of chondrocytes in an intensity-dependent manner, and the strongest effect occurs with the irradiation power intensity of 80% (1440 mW).

Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; radiation effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chondrocytes ; cytology ; radiation effects ; Infrared Rays ; Rabbits

The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanism of alternative responses to low dose irradiation for neuronal cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of rats. To determine the effect of a single exposure to radiation, rats were irradiated with a single dose of 0.1, 1, 10 or 20 Gy. To determine the effect of the cumulative dose, the animals were irradiated daily with 0.01 Gy or 0.1 Gy from 1 to 4 days. The neuronal cell proliferation was evaluated using immunohistochemistry for 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), Ki-67 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining. Four consecutive daily irradiations with a 0.01 Gy/fraction increased the number of BrdU-positive and Ki-67-positive cells in a dose dependent manner, but this did not affect the number of TUNEL-positive cells. However, there was not a dose dependent relationship for the 0.1 Gy/fraction irradiation with the number of BrdU, Ki-67 and TUNEL positive cells. Our data support the explanation that the adaptive response, induced by low-dose radiation, in the hippocampus of rats is more likely a reflection of the perturbations of cell cycle progression.
Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats ; Radiation Dosage ; Neurons/*cytology/*radiation effects ; Neuronal Plasticity/*radiation effects ; Male ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Dentate Gyrus/*cytology/*radiation effects ; Cell Survival/radiation effects ; Cell Proliferation/*drug effects ; Animals ; Adaptation, Physiological/radiation effects