BACKGROUND: Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) have been shown to be highly expressed in atherosclerotic lesions. Membrane-bound CAMs allow the tethering and rolling of monocytes and lymphocytes as well as the firm attachment and transendothelial migration of leukocytes. Soluble forms of CAMs may serve as monitors for increased expression of membrane-bound CAMs and thus may reflect progressive formation of atherosclerotic lesions. We assessed the role of the solu-ble CAMs in patients with type 2 Diabetes. METHODS: Serum levels of soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) were measured by enzyme immunoassay (R and D Systems, Minneapolis, USA) in patients with type 2 Diabetes (n=69) and normal control subjects (n=38). RESULTS: Fasting blood sugar, serum cholesterol, and blood pressure were significantly (P < 0.001) higher in diabetic patients than in control subjects. Serum sE-selectin, sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1 concentrations in diabetic patients were significantly (P < 0.001) higher than in the control subjects (69.7 +/- 32.0, 257.1 +/- 73.0 and 813.8 +/- 322.6 ng/mL versus 43.3 +/- 19.5, 173.1 +/- 66.8, and 400.4 +/- 77.4 ng/mL, respectively). The serum sICAM-1 concentrations in diabetic patients with microalbu-minuria were significantly (P=0.004) higher than in those patients without microalbuminuria (311.3 +/- 79.0 ng/mL versus 245.2 +/- 60.2 ng/mL). However, the sE-selectin and sVCAM-1 concentrations in diabetic patients with microalbuminuria were only slightly (P < 0.10) higher than in the patients without microalbuminuria. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that three kinds of circulating CAMs measured in this study increased significantly in patients with type 2 Diabetes. It is considered that circulating CAMs may be markers for atherosclerotic lesions in patients with type 2 Diabetes with symptomatic and asymptomatic atherosclerosis.
Atherosclerosis ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Cell Adhesion Molecules* ; Cell Adhesion* ; Cholesterol ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* ; E-Selectin ; Fasting ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; Leukocytes ; Lymphocytes ; Monocytes ; Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1

Endothelial dysfunction is thought to be a central pathogenic feature in preeclampsia on the basis of elevated adhesion molecules. The aim of the present study was to compare the levels of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and E-selectin (sE-selectin) in sera of normal and preeclamptic pregnancies. We studied the serum levels of sVCAM-1, sICAM-1 and sE-selectin in normal pregnant women (n=63), mild preeclampsia (n=33) and severe preeclampsia (n=82). Concentrations of soluble adhesion molecules were determined with enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Serum concentrations of sVCAM-1 were significantly higher in both mild (p=0.004) and severe preeclampsia (p=0.000) than normal pregnancy. There were also significant differences in sVCAM-1 levels between mild and severe preeclampsia (p=0.002). sICAM-1 levels of severe preeclampsia were statistically different from those of normal pregnancy (p=0.038). Levels of sE-selectin were elevated in both mild (p=0.011) and severe preeclampsia (p=0.000) compared to normal pregnancy, but no statistical difference between the mild and severe preeclampsia (p=0.345). These results suggest that all three soluble adhesion molecules are increased in severe preeclampsia, and sVCAM-1 among them may be useful in predicting the severity of preeclampsia.
Adult ; Biological Markers ; Cell Adhesion Molecules/*blood ; E-Selectin/blood ; Female ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/blood ; Pre-Eclampsia/*blood ; Pregnancy ; Severity of Illness Index ; Solubility ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/blood

In order to determine the effect of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the cell adhesion molecules expressed in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC), the cells were exposed to varying UVR doses and the cell surface was examined for expression of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM- 1), and E-selectin. The effect of UVB irradiation on the binding of T lymphocytes to HDMEC was also examined. UVA irradiation did not affect the surface expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, or E-selectin on the HDMEC. However, following UVB exposure, ELISA demonstrated a significant increase in the baseline ICAM-1 cell surface expression on the HDMEC. However, no induction of either E-selectin or VCAM-1 was noted. UVB also significantly augmented ICAM-1 induction by IL-1 alpha and TNF- alpha. VCAM-1 was induced by stimulating HDMEC with IL-1alpha following a UVB irradiation dose of 100 mJ/cm2. Flow cytometric analysis of the HDMEC stimulated with IL-1 alpha for 24h demonstrated that 12% of the cells expressed VCAM-1 but either IL-1 alpha or UVB irradiation alone failed to induce VCAM-1 expression. Enhancement of T cell-HDMEC binding by IL-1 alpha; or TNF- alpha treatment was not significantly affected after UVB irradiation. This study demonstrated that UVB irradiation can alter ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression on the HDMEC surface and that augmentation of ICAM-1 expression and the IL-1 alpha -dependent induction of VCAM-1 following UVB exposure might be important steps in the pathogenesis of sunburn.
Cell Adhesion/radiation effects ; Cell Adhesion Molecules/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium, Vascular/cytology/*physiology ; Human ; Microcirculation ; Skin/*blood supply ; T-Lymphocytes/*physiology ; *Ultraviolet Rays

The purpose of this study was to detect the serum PTK7 level of patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia, and to reveal its clinical value for diagnosis of diseases. A total of 136 patients diagnosed as acute lymphocytic leukemia from May 2012 to April 2014 in our hospital were enroled in this study and were divided into the L1 group (n = 42), L2 (n = 45) and L3 group (n = 49) according cytomorphology, and 48 normal children were selected as control group. Fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect mRNA level of PTK7 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and Western blot was used to detect PTK7 protein expression. The results showed that the PTK7 mRNA level in L1 group was significantly higher than that in normal group (P = 0.000) . The PTK7 mRNA level in L2 group was significantly higher than that in the L1 group (P = 0.000). The PTK7 mRNA level in L3 group and L2 group had not significantly different between each other (P = 0.123). Serum PTK7 protein level in L1 group was very significantly higher than that in normal group (P = 0.000) . The serum PTK7 protein level in L2 group were very significantly higher than that in the L1 group (P = 0.003) and serum PTK7 protein level in L3 and L2 group had no significance difference (P = 0.312) . It is concluded that the expression level of serum PTK7 protein has a potential clinical value for the diagnosis of acute lymphocytic leukemia, but without specificity for ALL subsets.
Cell Adhesion Molecules ; blood ; genetics ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; metabolism ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; blood ; diagnosis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; blood ; genetics ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; blood ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of artificial liver support system(plasma exchange combined with continuous veno - venous hemodiafiltration, PE + CVVHDF) on Gc globulin in patients with liver failure.

METHODS81 patients with liver failure were divided into 4 groups according to the treatment protocols and indicators such as liver function and clinical symptoms. Totally 29 effective cases and 14 ineffective cases in the ALSS group versus 15 effective cases and 23 ineffective cases in the medical group were included. Finally the changes of Gc globulin were observed in four subgroups before and after treatment. The correlation between Gc globulin and IL-10, IL-4, IL-18, TNFa, endotoxin, NO, sVCAM-1and sICAM-1were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.

RESULTSThe effectiveness rate was 67.44% in ALSS group and 34.21% in the medical treatment (P less than 0.01). Gc globulin, one of liver cell protection proteins was notably increased following the artificial liver treatment as compared with the increase in the medical treatment (P less than 0.01). The time-response curve of Gc globulin level had a significant upward trend in the effective group as compared to no significant rise in the ineffective group. Moreover, the Gc globulin was negatively correlated with IL-4, IL-18, TNFa, SVCAM-1, SICAM-1 and NO. In contrast, no correlation existed between Gc globulin and IL-10. The treatment with artificial liver can improve the outcome of the patients with liver failure. The level of Gc globulin was correlated with the curative effect and thus may be used as a potential indicator for curative effect forcast in the patients with liver failure.

Aged ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; blood ; Cytokines ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Failure ; blood ; surgery ; therapy ; Liver, Artificial ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Treatment Outcome ; Vitamin D-Binding Protein ; blood ; metabolism

The aim of this study was to evaluate the homing capabilities of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) derived from human placenta tissues (PT). Single cell suspension of human PT was prepared by mechanical method. The expression levels of homing-related adhesion molecules (HRAM) including CD11a, CD49d, CD44, CD49e, CD62L and CD54 on CD34(+) cells and the percentages of CD34(+) cells and their subpopulations in nucleated cells (NC) from fresh human PT, umbilical cord arterial blood (UCAB) and umbilical cord venous blood (UCVB) were detected by using flow cytometry. The results showed that the percentage of CD34(+) cells and CD34(+)CD38(-) cells in placenta were higher than those in UCAB and UCVB. There were no significant difference in percentage of HSPC between UCAB and UCVB. Placenta-derived CD34(+) cells strongly expressed CD11a, CD49d, CD44, CD49e and CD54, among which expression levels of CD49e and CD54 on placenta-derived CD34(+) cells were significantly higher than those on UCAB and UCVB-derived CD34(+) cells. While the percentage of CD34(+)CD62L(+) cells in placenta was only lower than that in UCVB. It is concluded that human placenta is rich in HSPC. Moreover, the expression levels of most HRAM in CD34(+) cells from PT are higher than those from UCAB and UCVB or are close to them. It suggested that HSPCs derived from PT might have stronger homing capabilities than those from UCB.
Antigens, CD34 ; biosynthesis ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; biosynthesis ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; biosynthesis ; Integrin alpha5 ; biosynthesis ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; biosynthesis ; Placenta ; cytology

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on in vitro expansion potential, the adherent molecules expression of cord blood (CB) CD34(+) cells.

METHODSMSCs were obtained from human bone marrow and their differentiation function and phenotype were identified. CB CD34(+) cells were expanded in culture systems with or without MSC layer. Hematopoietic progenitor cells and adhesion molecules expression were assessed by semisolid culture assay and flow cytometry.

RESULTSThy-1, SH2, SB10, CD44, CD13, CD49e and CD29 were highly expressed on MSCs with no expressions of CD34, CD45, HLA-DR, CD14 and CD31. The MSCs could differentiate into adipocytes and osteoblasts under specific induction conditions. After culturing on MSCs layer with supplement of cytokines for 8 days, the absolute numbers of nuclear cells, CD34(+), CD34(+)CD38(-), CD34(+)CD62L(+) cells and CFU-Cs were increased by 145.57 +/- 17.89, 37.47 +/- 13.78, 69.78 +/- 50.07, 10.74 +/- 5.89 and 20.73 +/- 5.54-folds, respectively, being significantly higher than that cultured with cytokines alone. The expression of ALCAM, VLA-alpha4, VLA-alpha5, VLA-beta1, HCAM, PECAM and LFA-1 on CD34(+) cells remained unaffected. The expressions of ICAM-1 and L-selectin were downregulated during expansion, while the absolute numbers of CD34(+)CD62L(+) and CD34(+)CD54(+) cells were increased.

CONCLUSIONSMSCs layer improves expansion of CB CD34(+) cells while inhibiting their differentiation and retaining their homing ability.

Antigens, CD34 ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

In order to study the polymorphism of Landsteiner-Wiener (LW) blood group gene in Chinese population, peripheral blood samples anticoagulated with EDTA from 160 unrelated volunteer blood donors were randomly collected, and genomic DNA were extracted. 160 DNA samples were analyzed for exon 1 of LW gene by direct DNA sequencing, and detected for LWa/LWb allele by improved PCR-SSP genotyping. The results showed that all LW allele in 160 donors were LWa homozygous, and the LWa allele occurred commonly. In conclusion, LWa allele occurs with incidence of 100% of donors in this study, while LWb allele has not been found in Chinese population.
Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Blood Donors ; Blood Group Antigens ; genetics ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; genetics ; Exons ; genetics ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of ex vivo expansion on the adhesion activities of umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC).

METHODSFresh UCB CD(34)(+) cells were cultured in a serum and stroma-free culture system. At day 7, day 10 and day 14, CD(34)(+) cells were re-selected from the expanded products. The expression of adhesion molecules (CAMs) such as VLA-4, VLA-5, LFA-1, ICAM-1, HCAM, L-selectin and PECAM-1, and the adhesion activity of the expanded CD(34)(+) cells were evaluated and compared with those of precultured fresh CD(34)(+) cells.

RESULTS(1) The CD(34)(+) cells expressing homing-related CAMs were increased (from 15-fold increase for CD(34)(+) CD(54)(+) subset to 72-fold increase for CD(34)(+) CD(49e)(+) subset at day 14). (2) The expressions of CD(49d), CD(44), CD(11a) and CD(49e) on the expanded CD(34)(+) cells were increased or sustained the same levels as those on fresh UCB CD(34)(+) cells, while the expression of CD(62L), CD(54) and CD(31) on expanded CD(34)(+) cells declined with the cultivating. (3) Spontaneous adhesion and SDF-1-induced adhesion tended to be increased in the course of the first 10 day's culture.

CONCLUSIONSThe culture system used in this study could substantially support the expansion of HSPCs expressing the above CAMs, and the expanded HSPCs would sustain their intrinsic adhesion potentials.

Antigens, CD ; analysis ; Antigens, CD34 ; analysis ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; biosynthesis ; Cell Division ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; immunology ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; immunology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing ; biosynthesis

BACKGROUND: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous concentration of human platelets contained in a small volume of plasma and has recently been shown to accelerate rejuvenate aging skin by various growth factors and cell adhesion molecules. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intradermal injection of PRP in the human facial rejuvenation. METHODS: This study was a prospective, single-center, single-dose, open-label, non-randomized controlled clinical study. PRP injected to the upper site of this right infra-auricular area and all face. Saline was injected to the left infra-auricular area. Histopathological examinations were performed before PRP treatment, 28 days after the PRP, and saline (control) treatments. RESULTS: Twenty women ranging in age from 40 to 49 years (mean age, 43.65±2.43 years) were enrolled in the study. The mean optical densities (MODs) of collagen in the pre-treatment, control, and PRP-treated area were measured. They were 539±93.2, 787±134.15, 1,019±178, respectively. In the MOD of PRP, 89.05 percent improvement was found when MOD of PRP was compared with MOD of pre-treatment. The mean MOD of collagen fibers was clearly highest on the PRP side (p<0.001). The PRP-to-saline improvement ratio (89.05% to 46.01%) was 1.93:1. No serious side effects were detected. CONCLUSION: PRP increases dermal collagen levels not only by growth factors, but also by skin needling (the mesotherapy technique 'point by point'). PRP application could be considered as an effective (even a single application) and safety procedure for facial skin rejuvenation.
Aging ; Blood Platelets* ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; Collagen* ; Female ; Humans ; Injections, Intradermal ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Mesotherapy ; Plasma ; Platelet-Rich Plasma* ; Prospective Studies* ; Rejuvenation* ; Skin*