No abstract available.
Celiac Disease* ; Neurologic Manifestations*

IPS-empress system is one of widely used all ceramic system. The purpose of this study was to determine the pressing accuracy of refused IPS%Empress ingot. 10 specimens were made using new ingot first, and using the rests of the specimen the another group of specimens were made next. Finally, the third group of specimens were made with same procedure mentioned above. The results obtained in this study were as follows ; 1. The pressing accuracy of the first group of specimen was 96.1%, that of the second group was 95.4%, and that of the third group was 95.4%. There was no statistical signifcance among them, that is, the reuse of the IPS-Empress ingot did not influence on the pressing accuracy. 2. the common site of the defect in pressed ingot was central area at the margin opposite of sprue hole.
Celiac Disease ; Ceramics

The author reported two cases of the variation of the hepatic arterial system through legal examination in ViÖt §øc hospital. Righ hepatic artery and left hepatic artery arise from the celiac trunk with splenic artery and left gastric artery. We emphasized that the right hepatic artery runs up, to right and behind the common bile duct and portal vein. Cystic artery is from anterior artery of the right hepatic artery. The authors also reviewed the variations of the hepatic arterial system in general and emphasized that the treat successfully the hepatic diseases should concern to the hepatic arterial system.
Hepatic Artery ; Celiac Disease

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Despite of the recent development of the titanium casting system methods, the casting defects such as imperfect casting and internal porosity were frequently observed. PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to compare and measure the castability, microhardness, and surface reaction between Grade 2 pure titanium and Ti-6Al-4V by casting these alloys from the different sprue design conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Depending on the sprue designs and titanium alloys, 42 ready-made wax patterns were used. By analyzing the remodeling of the cast, internal porosity, microhardness, and titanium surface layer of SEM, there were several results we observed. RESULTS: 1. The measured castability of titanium were categorized in the ascending order: individual sprue group, runner bar group, and single group. This data are based on the statistically signigicant differences. 2. The castability of titanium has not showed the statistically significant differences among the alloys. However, CP-Ti groups were superior to Ti-6Al-4V groups by showing the noticeable castability. 3. The surface layers of the castings of all groups have showed 5 micrometer titanium oxide layers irrespective of sprue designs and titanium alloys. CONCLUSION: From the above study results, by fabricating the restorations from the centrifugal casting machine direct sprue designs revealed better castability. As we increased the number of sprues in the wax pattern, it revealed better castability. The castability of pure titanium rather than that of Ti-6Al-4V was remarkable. To fabricate the complex forms of the restorations, further researches on the efficient sprue designs and titanium alloys must be made.
Alloys ; Celiac Disease ; Investments* ; Porosity ; Titanium*

This investigation was designed to estimate the biaxial flexure strength and fracture toughness of lithium disilicate glass-ceramics of IPS Empress 2 system pressed with as-received ingots and their sprue buttons. Two groups of the lithium disilicate glass-ceramics were prepared as follows: group 1 is ingot-pressed group; group 2 is sprue button-pressed group. A ball-on-three-ball test was used to determine biaxial flexure strength (BFS) of disks in wet environment. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) analysis was conducted to observe the microstructure of the ceramics. Unpaired t-test showed that there were no differences in the mean biaxial flexure strength (BFS) and KIC values between group 1 and 2 (p>0.05). Two groups showed similar values in the KIC and the strength at 5% failure probability. The SEM micrographs of the IPS Empress 2 glass-ceramic showed a closely packed, multi-directionally interlocking pattern of numerous lithium disilicate crystals protruding from the glass matrix. The lithium orthophosphate crystals could not be observed on the fracture surface etched. There was no a marked difference of the microstructure between group 1 and 2. Although there were no tests including color stability, casting accuracy, etc., the results of this study implied that we could reuse the sprue button of the pressed lithium disilicate glass-ceramic of IPS Empress 2 system.
Celiac Disease ; Ceramics ; Glass ; Lithium* ; Phosphates

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The high melting temperature and chemical reactivity of titanium necessitates casting machines different from those used in conventional casting. Despite the new developments in Ti casting systems, inadequate mold filling and internal porosity are frequently observed casting defects. Therefore, the study on the fabrication technique including sprue design to solve these casting defects is still necessary. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of sprue design and cross sectional area of sprue on the internal porosity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 30 simulated cast three units titanium crowns were prepared. 5 cast crowns for each with different sprue design(sinlge sprue, double sprue and plate sprue) of two cross sectional areas(small and large cross sectional areas) were fabricated. The sections of titanium castings were photographed in a microscope at x100 magnification to record internal porosities. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Within the limits of this study, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. There was a significantly lower in internal porosity of titanium castings for large cross sectional area of sprue group than the small group(P>.05). 2. There was no significant difference in internal porosity among sprue designs in similar cross sectional area of sprue(P>.05).
Celiac Disease* ; Crowns ; Freezing ; Fungi ; Porosity* ; Titanium*

Untreated celiac disease (CD) leads to an increased risk for hypoglycemia and diabetic complications. However, the diagnosis of CD can be challenging and some extra-gastrointestinal tract manifestations could be a presenting symptom. We report a case of a 29-year-old Indian male with brittle T1DM whose underlying CD was discovered from a work-up for anemia. After an introduction of a gluten-free diet, he gained 5 kgs in two months, was responsive to oral iron supplement, and had stable glycemic control with much less hypoglycemia. Even though this disease is rare in Asian populations, the diagnosis of celiac disease should always be kept in mind when people with T1DM present with unexplained microcytic anemia and/or unexplained hypoglycemia.
Celiac Disease ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

No abstract available.
Celiac Disease/*complications/diagnosis ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Rhabdomyolysis/diagnosis/*etiology

A heat-pressed technique(IPS-Empress, Ivoclar) has been described to construct single unit crown, inlay/onlay and veneers using a partially pre-cerammed and pre-colored glass-leucite ingot that has the greateast strength by the combination of heat-pressed procedure through the small-diameter sprue and heat treatment procedure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the flexure strength of a heat-pressed ceramic material(IPS-Empress) without simulated firing treatments according to pontic designs. Two groups of 9 disks(1.4mm thick, 14mm in diameter) each using two types of sprues with different diameters(phi2.8, phi1.8) and numbers were prepared. The specimens were mounted in the testing jig. The flexural strengths were determined, by means of the bi-axial bending test, by loading the center of disk to failure using a universal testing machine(Zwick 145141, Zwick, Germany) at a cross-head speed of 1.0 mm/min. The means flexural strength value of one group using a sprue with phi2.8 was 140.4+/-8.0 Mpa. That of the other group using two sprues with phi1.8 was 151.8+/-10.3 Mpa. After analysis, results showed that there was a statistical difference between groups(t=2.33m p<0.05). No clnical implications were drawn from these data because of absence of simulated firing treatment.
Celiac Disease* ; Ceramics* ; Crowns ; Denture, Partial, Fixed ; Fires ; Hot Temperature

There has been a great interest in the use of titanium for fixed and removable prostheses in recent because of its excellent biocompatibility. However, the high melting temperature and chemical reactivity of titanium necessitates casting systems different from those used in conventional casting. The current titanium casting systems are based on an electricarc design for melting the metal in an argon atmosphere and its exclusive investment. Despite the new developments in Ti casting systems, inadequate mold filling and internal porosity are frequently observed casting defects. Therefore, the study on the fabrication technique including sprue design to solve these casting defects is still necessary. In this study, to evaluate the effect of sprue design on the castability of simulated cast titanium crowns, 10 cylindrical cast crowns for each group with four different sprue design(Single group, Double group, Runner bar group, Reservoir group) were fabricated. An impression of the entire casting margin was made and cut at 90 degrees intervals, and the sections were photographed in a microscope at 100 X magnification to record marginal discrepancy. The internal porosities of the cast crowns were disclosed by radiographs. Within the limits of this study, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. The overall mean marginal discrepancies for each group were as follows: Double group, 43.65 micrometer; Reservoir group, 50.27 micrometer; Single group, 54.17 micrometer; Runner bar group,58.90 micrometer (p<0.05). 2. The mean of marginal discrepancies for wax patterns was 10.65 micrometer. 3. The numbers of internal porosity showed the most in Runner bar group followed by Single group, Reservoir group, and Double group.
Argon ; Atmosphere ; Celiac Disease* ; Crowns* ; Freezing ; Fungi ; Investments ; Porosity ; Prostheses and Implants ; Titanium*