The pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of cefotaxime following its single subcutaneous administration (10 mg/ kg) were investigated in buffalo calves. Plasma and urine samples were collected over 10 and 24 h post administration, respectively. Cefotaxime in plasma and urine was estimated by microbiological assay technique using E. coli as test organism. The pharmacokinetic profiles fitted one-compartment open model. The peak plasma levels of cefotaxime were 6.48 +/- 0.52 microgram/ml at 30 min and the drug was detected upto 10 h. The absorption half-life and elimination halflife were 0.173 +/- 0.033 h and 1.77 +/- 0.02 h, respectively. The apparent volume of distribution and total body clearance were 1.17 +/- 0.10 l/kg and 0.45 +/- 0.03 l/kg/h, respectively. The urinary excretion of cefotaxime in 24 h, was 5.36 +/- 1.19 percent of total administrated dose. A satisfactory subcutaneous dosage regimen for cefotaxime in buffalo calves would be 13 mg/kg repeated at 12 h intervals.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*administration&dosage/blood/*pharmacokinetics/urine ; Area Under Curve ; *Buffaloes ; Cefotaxime/*administration&dosage/blood/*pharmacokinetics/urine ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Half-Life ; Male ; Tissue Distribution

Pharmacokinetics of cefotaxime (50mg/kg, i.m.) were studied in both healthy and kidney damaged female black Bengal goats. Uranyl nitrate (0.75mg/kg) was administered intravenously, once daily for five consecutive days to induce kidney damage. The pharmacokinetic variables were calculated in both cases. Kidney damage caused several changes in the determined variables. The Cmax and Cmin of cefotaxime observed at 0.50 and 5 h in normal goats were 24.91+/-1.51 and 1.22+/-0.07 microgram/ml, respectively, while the same in kidney damaged goats at 1 and 72 h were 75.00+/-0.45 and 3.10+/-0.09 microgram/ml, respectively. Renal damage condition significantly increased t1/2,ka (0.48+/-0.01 h), t1/2,ke (20.03+/-0.16 h), AUC (2440.10+/-24.26 microgram. h/ml) and significantly decreased Vdarea (0.59+/-0.007L/kg), Vss (0.58+/-0.007 L/kg) and ClB (0.02+/-0.008 L/kg/h) values of cefotaxime compared to normal goats.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/blood/*pharmacokinetics ; Area Under Curve ; Cefotaxime/blood/*pharmacokinetics ; Female ; Goat Diseases/chemically induced/*metabolism ; Goats ; Half-Life ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Kidney Failure/chemically induced/*metabolism ; Uranyl Nitrate