Acoustic analysis is one of the important branches of biometric recognition technology widely used now. The mainly aim of the technology is to recognize the identity of person and judge the content of speech or diagnose the illness automatically according to the features extracted from the speaker's waveforms. All these features are related with the characteristics of speaker's physiological, pathological and psychological action. Speaker recognition study has its 50-year old history already, but acoustic analysis in diagnosing disease has been founded since 1970s. This paper introduces the main concept and research background of this diagnosing system generally and discusses the problems generated during processing. At last the prospect for the applications of acoustic analysis is forecasted.
Humans ; Pattern Recognition, Physiological ; Signal Detection, Psychological ; Speech ; physiology ; Speech Acoustics ; Speech Disorders ; diagnosis ; physiopathology

Objective To analyze the SCI papers output and its impact factors of a hospital during 2013-2017,to provide supports and proofs for scientific research administrators to update incentive policies for stimulate growth of SCI Paper publication.Methods Dynamic sequence and Optimal Scaling Regression methods were used to conduct statistical analysis of the output and impact factors of hospital-published SCI papers.Results The average increased number per year of hospital-published SCI papers output was 30.3 with an annual increase rate of 37.5％,which was 9.5％ higher than the national average.In 2017,the growth rate of a fixed base of hospital-published SCI papers was increased to 257.4 ％,which was 89％ higher than the national rate during the same period.The model was statistically significant (F =10.513,P＜ 0.001,adjusted R2 =0.409) according to the Optimal Scaling Regression analysis of 180 first/corresponding authors out of 516 SCI papers.We found that authors' status as tutor of post-graduate student (P＜0.001),average project fundings (P=0.001),professional titles (P=0.048) and genders (P=0.005) have significant impacts on the output of hospital-published SCI papers (P＜0.05).The sum of the importance of the four factors above was 0.961,namely account for 96.1％ of the whole model.The quantitative score conversion chart shows that doctoral tutors,high average project funding,senior professional titles,and male authors of the SCI papers have higher quantitative scores.Conclusions Tutor status,average project fundings,professional titles and genders could impact the output of SCI papers.Scientific research administrators could adjust incentive policies of SCI papers,based on the science platform construction inclining to doctor tutors,adding matching funds for science and research,bonding professional title appraisals and rising incentives for female researchers on SCI papers,to promote SCI papers output.

Objective To investigate the effect ofurapidil in lowering the brain temperature in hot and humid environment. Methods Ninety soldiers stationed in Chinese Nansha Islands were divided into veteran group, untreated new recruit group and new recruit group with urapidil (tablet) treatment. All the soldiers were asked to complete a running exercise for 3000 m within 20 min in hot and humid environment, and their body temperature before and after the exercise was measured to evaluate the brain temperature changes. Results Before the running exercise, no significant differences was found in the body temperature among the 3 groups. The body temperature of the soldiers showed significant differences after the exercise, and the untreated new recruit had the most obvious elevation of the body temperature, whereas those with urapidil treatment showed the least elevation. Conclusion Veterans and new recruit show different tolerance and adaptability to hot and humid environment, and urapidil tablets can help reduce brain temperature increment induced by hot and humid environment.

Objective The research aims to optimize the hospital research performance appraisal ,clarify the scientific characteristics and possible shortages of different clinic departments in various types ,to enhance the effectiveness of research performance appraisal .Methods Descriptive statistics were used to generalize hospital research performance appraisal in 2017 . Hierarchical clustering was used to cluster and analyze performance appraisal characteristics of 75 clinic departments .Results SCI papers (405) ,National projects (181) and National core journal papers (106) took 75 .2％ of total average score .The op-timal solution of the cluster was 6 types for 75 departments and the dendrogram illustrated significant varieties among the 6 types .Six departments' types were academic-conference-oriented ,national-paper-oriented ,SCI-paper-oriented ,advanced-pro-ject-oriented ,provincial/horizontal-project-oriented and attending-conference-oriented .The percentages of the oriented indica-tors that took their total average scores were 59 .4％ ,42 .0％ ,66 .7％ ,57 .0％ ,61 .8％ ,52 .3％ .Conclusions Compared with K-means method ,the results of hierarchical clustering equipped with better characteristics and interpretative power .Research performance appraisal has been further optimized .Departments in different types showed significant characteristics and weak-nesses ,which provides managers with effective guidance on countermeasures .

AIMTo explore the effects of periphery injection of L-SOP on the activation of p38MAPK in spinal cord in formalin pain model in rats.

METHODSFourty-eight male Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups (n=12): NS group and three different dose of L-SOP groups. For each group, 6 rats used to observe flinching and licking time every as nociception behavior 3 minutes in 1 hour after formalin injected and the other 6 rats used to observe the activation of p38(P-p38) by Western blotting.

RESULTSAll the three different groups of L-SOP could inhibit nociception behavior in the tonic phase,and 250 nmoVl/L and 500 nmol/L groups could suppress not only in the tonic phase but also in the acute phase. 250 nmol/L and 500 nmol/L groups could reduce activated or phosphorylated p38MAPK in spinal cord.

CONCLUSIONPeriphery injection of L-SOP can reduce nociceptive behavior and phosphorylated p38MAPK in the spinal cord in formalin-induced hyperalgia, it is suggested that there is functional expression of mGluRs III in the periphery and is involved in the processing of peripheral noxious informations.

Animals ; Formaldehyde ; Male ; Nociception ; physiology ; Pain ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Phosphoserine ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate ; physiology ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the expression of pepsin in vocal cord polyps and vocal cord cancer,and to compare the difference of pepsin expression.Methods From May 2020 to December 2021,27 patients with vocal cord polyp,27 patients with vocal cord cancer and 23 healthy volunteers were selected.RSI and RFS scoring scales were used for scoring,pepsin detection kit was used for saliva pepsin detection,and immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the expression of pepsin in vocal cord tissues of patients with vocal cord polyps and vocal cord cancer.Results The RSI score,RFS score and pepsin test kit results of vocal cord polyp group and vocal cord canc-er group were higher than those of non-vocal cord disease group,and the differences of the three indexes were statis-tically significant(P＜0.05).RSI score,pepsin detection kit results and pepsin immunohistochemistry results of vocal cord polyp group showed no significant difference compared with vocal cord cancer group(P＞0.05).The RFS score of vocal cord polyp group was significantly different from that of vocal cord cancer group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Pepsin may be an important pathogenic factor of vocal cord polyp and vocal cord cancer,and play an im-portant role in the occurrence of these two diseases.The difference of pepsin expression in vocal cord polyp and vo-cal cord cancer suggests that pepsin may have different pathogenesis.

Background: Scalp combing,as an ancient method of health care,has been used for thousands of years in traditional Chinese medicine.Although this method is considered to be beneficial for the blood circu-lation of the head,the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.Methods: Both human participants and mice were used in this study.In participants,the scalp was stimulated by combing continuously for 5 min,and the temperature was measured using infrared thermal imaging before and after stimulation.In mice,the temperature was determined before and at 5,15,and 30 min after a 5-min scalp mechanical stimulation(SMS).Additionally,the vasculature of the mice was labeled with retro-orbital fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran injection,and the capillaries were observed directly under a confocal microscope.Using in vivo CLARITY imaging and the spectrofluoro-metric detection of Evans Blue dye extravasation,the blood—brain barrier permeability was assessed.Results: SMS increased the temperature of the left ear significantly in human(P =.0247)while can slightly increase the temperature of the right ear and the face without significant difference(P >.05).Moreover,SMS can significantly slow the decrease in the temperature of the external auditory canal at 5 min(P =.0153)and in body temperature at 15 min(P =.0295)after SMS whereas no significant difference in body temperature at 30 min(P>.05)compared with control mice.Furthermore,capillaries of the ear with a diameter of less than 8μm were significantly dilated(P=.0006)following SMS and the number of dextran dots was higher at 15 min(P >.05)and 30 min(F = 10.98,P =.037)after SMS intervention compared with control mice.Conclusion: Our study provides strong evidence to support the notion that scalp combing can improve extra-and intracranial blood circulation under healthy conditions.

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury （MIRI） is a common injury in the treatment of ischemic heart diseases. MIRI can be categorized as chest impediment and palpitation in traditional Chinese medicine， with the pathogenesis related to Qi and blood disharmony. The simultaneous disorders of Qi and blood are the key mechanism of MIRI， and thus the differentiation of Qi and blood syndromes is the prerequisite for the treatment. The theory of Qi and blood interacting in vessels is proposed by our team based on Qi being the commander of blood and blood being the mother of Qi as well as previous pharmacological studies. Specifically， Qi marshals blood by vessels， and the blood carries Qi by vessels. Accordingly， Qi and blood interact in the vessels. MIRI is accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction， platelet function abnormality， and vascular endothelial damage， which are correlated with Qi deficiency， blood stasis， and vessel damage， respectively. Mitochondrial， platelet， and vascular endothelial structural and functional changes triggered by their interactions are one of the mechanisms by which Qi deficiency， blood stasis， and vessel damage lead to the occurrence and development of MIRI. By exploring the correlations between Qi and mitochondria， between blood and platelets， and between vessels and blood vessels， we can explain the modern scientific content of the theory of Qi and blood interacting in vessels in traditional Chinese medicine. According to the pathogenesis of Qi and blood disharmony in vessels， we discussed the pharmacological mechanisms of Qi-replenishing medicines， blood-activating medicines， and their combinations in the prevention and treatment of MIRI. On the basis of the research achievements in the prevention and treatment of MIRI by Qi-replenishing and blood-activating Chinese medicines based on the theory of Qi and blood interacting in vessels， we analyzed the effects of these medicines on Qi， blood， and vessels. According to the theory of Qi and blood， this article reveals the theoretical basis and scientific connotations of the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases， with the aim of providing new ideas and references for the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

In this study, untargeted metabolomics technology based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was used to analyze and identify the overall chemical components of Juniperri Caulis et Folium. Chemical markers for the identification of different Juniperri Caulis et Folium species were screened by integrated principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis. A total of 58 chemical components were detected and 46 of them were identified, including 26 flavonoids, 8 organic acids and their derivatives, 4 phenylpropanoids, 3 terpenoids, and 5 other components. Among them, methylsyringin and ekersenin were identified for the first time. In the positive ion mode, 12 markers were screened, and in the negative ion mode, 13 markers were screened for species identification. In summary, UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS metabonomics technology combined with chemometrics method can effectively reveal the chemical composition differences of different Juniperri Caulis et Folium species, and provide reference for its species identification and quality control.

Objective: To compare the efficacy between laparoscopic and open proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction for Siewert type II and III adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG). Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Inclusion criteria: (1) 18 to 80 years old; (2) Siewert II and III AEG was confirmed by preoperative gastroscopy and biopsy, which could not be resected by endoscopy; patients undergoing radical proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction; (3) contrast-enhanced abdominal CT staging was cT1-2N0M0; (4) Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) physical status score <2 points, American Association of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade 1 to 2; (5) patients agreed to perform proximal gastrectomy and signed an informed consent. Those who had undergone neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy, suffered from serious mental diseases and had incomplete data were excluded. According to the above criteria, clinical data of 84 consecutive patients with Siewert II and III AEG undergoing surgery at General Surgery Department of The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 2010 to December 2018 were collected and analyzed. Of 84 patients, 61 underwent open proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction (OPG group), while 23 underwent laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction (LPG group). The perioperative complications and postoperative reflux esophagitis of two groups were compared. A P-value of <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: Among 84 cases, 74 were male and 10 were female. There were 43 cases of Siewert type II and 41 cases of Siewert type III. There were no significant differences in age, gender, body mass index, comorbidities, Siewert type, and tumor staging between the two groups (all P>0.05). As compared to the OPG group, the LPG group had longer operation duration [(223±21) minutes vs. (161±14) minutes, t=15.352, P<0.001], less intraoperative blood loss [195 (150, 215) ml vs. 208 (192, 230) ml, Z=2.143, P=0.032], and shorter time to flatus [(2.8±0.7) days vs. (3.3±0.9) days, t=2.477, P=0.015]. There were no significant differences in the number of harvested lymph nodes, time to the first meal and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups (all P>0.05). Postoperative complications developed in 2 cases (8.7%, 1 case each for anastomotic leakage and intestinal obstruction) in the LPG group and 5 cases (8.2%, 1 case each for anastomotic leakage, anastomotic bleeding, and anastomotic stenosis, 2 cases of incision infection) in the OPG group (χ(2)=5.603, P=0.231). The median follow-up was 41.2 (12.8-110.5) months. One patient (1.6%,1/61) had obvious reflux symptoms in the OPG group, compared with none in the LPG group (χ(2)=0.644, P=0.422). Esophagitis occurred in 1 case (4.8%, 1/21) in LPG group, compared with 4 patients (7.1%, 4/56) in the OPG group, without significant difference between the two groups (χ(2)=0.505, P=0.477). Conclusion: Laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction is safe and feasible without increasing the risk of postoperative complication and reflux esophagitis.
Adenocarcinoma/surgery* ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Esophagogastric Junction/surgery* ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult