Congenital rubella syndrome is characterized by the triad of deafness, cataract and cardiovascular malformations. The great majority of the cases in the literature have been usually diagnosed in infancy and childhood because of various defects at birth. However, we report a rare case of suspected congenital rubella syndrome in an adult with unilateral pulmonary artery stenosis and late-onset cataract.
Adult ; Cataract ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Male ; Pulmonary Artery ; diagnostic imaging ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Radiography ; Rubella Syndrome, Congenital ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of hand-held retinal optometer and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in predicting postoperative visual acuity in patients with age-related cataract and idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients undergoing phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation for age-related cataract in our hospital from January, 2019 to April, 2020.Preoperative examination detected idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane in 45 of the patients (52 eyes) with lens opacity grade C2N2P1 according to LOCSⅡ lens opacity classification criteria.Based on the thickness of the macular fovea, the eyes were divided into group A (9 eyes) with macular thickness < 300 μm by OCT examination, group B (25 eyes) with macular thickness of 300 to 400 μm, and group C (18 eyes) with macular thickness >400 μm.The best corrected visual acuity and retinal visual acuity before operation and the best corrected visual acuity on the first day and at 3 months after the surgery were compared among the 3 groups.The consistency between the preoperative retinal vision and the best corrected vision at 3 months after the surgery was analyzed. RESULTS: The best corrected visual acuity at one day and 3 months after the surgery differed significantly from that before the surgery in all the 3 groups ( CONCLUSIONS For patients with cataract and idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane, phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation can improve postoperative vision.Hand-held retinal optometer can accurately assess postoperative vision in patients with stage C2N2P1 cataract.Patients with a macular thickness >400 μm caused by idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane are likely to have poor postoperative visual outcomes.
Cataract/diagnostic imaging* ; Epiretinal Membrane/surgery* ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

Abnormalities, Multiple ; diagnostic imaging ; genetics ; Cataract ; congenital ; diagnostic imaging ; genetics ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 ; genetics ; Cornea ; abnormalities ; diagnostic imaging ; Head ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; diagnostic imaging ; genetics ; Infant ; Intellectual Disability ; diagnostic imaging ; genetics ; Male ; Microcephaly ; diagnostic imaging ; genetics ; Optic Atrophy ; diagnostic imaging ; genetics ; Phenotype

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography for trinitrotoluene (TNT) cataract.

METHODSThe morphology and internal echoes of 90 lenses of 45 TNT cataract patients and 120 lenses of 60 healthy adults were observed and compared using ultrasonography and slit lamp, and the hemodynamic parameters of the post-ophthalmic artery were also measured. The findings of the slit-lamp microscope were regarded as diagnostic criteria, and the sensitivity, specificity, and accordance rate of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of TNT cataract were calculated.

RESULTSThe sensitivity, specificity, and accordance rate of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of TNT cataract were 93.33%, 100.00%, and 97.14%, respectively; the positive and negative predictive values were 100% and 95.23%, respectively; the positive and negative likelihood ratios were 93.33 and 0.67, especuvey. With the progression TNT cataract, utrasonography showed that the lenses demonstrated morphological changes (spindle-shaped, spherical, and discoid morphologies), and the arc echoes of the posterior capsule were thickened and enhanced. The TNT cataract patients showed significantly lower peak systolic velocity and end-diastolic velocity of the ophthalmic artery (OA) and central retinal artery (P<0.01) and a significantly higher resistance index (P<0.05) than the healthy adults.

CONCLUSIONThe sensitivity of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of TNT cataract is similar to that of slit lamp. Ultrasonography can demonstrate objectively the shape, range, and degree of lens opacity in an efficient manner, which is conducive to the diagnosis and staging of TNT cataract by slit lamp, and can also provide hemodynamic information of the OA, thus providing new ideas for clinical physicians in evaluating the disease and clinical efficacy as well as exploring therapies.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Cataract ; chemically induced ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Lens, Crystalline ; diagnostic imaging ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Slit Lamp ; Trinitrotoluene ; toxicity ; Ultrasonography

INTRODUCTIONThis study aimed to determine the reproducibility and usability of anterior segment images taken from a smartphone stabilised on a slit-lamp with those taken from a custom-mounted slit-lamp camera.

MATERIALS AND METHODSThis was a prospective, single- blind comparative digital imaging validation study. Digital photographs of patients with cataract were taken using a smartphone camera (an iPhone 5) on a telescopic mount and a Canon EOS 10D anterior segment camera. Images were graded and compared according to the Lens Opacification Classification System III (LOCS III).

RESULTSA total of 440 anterior segment images were graded independently by 2 ophthalmologists, 2 residents and 2 medical students. Intraclass correlation (ICC) between the iPhone and anterior segment camera images were fair for nuclear opalescence (NO) and nuclear colour (NC), and excellent for cortical (C) and posterior subcapsular (PSC) (NO: ICC 0.40, 95% CI, 0.16 to 0.57; NC: ICC 0.47, 95% CI, 0.16 to 0.66; C: ICC 0.76, 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.81; PSC: ICC 0.81, 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.85). There was no difference in grader impression of confidence and images usability between both cameras (P = 0.66 and P = 0.58, respectively).

CONCLUSIONAnterior segment images taken from an iPhone have good reproducibility for retro-illuminated images, but fair reproducibility for NO and NC under low light settings. There were no differences in grader confidence and subjective image suitability.

Cataract ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Ophthalmology ; Photography ; methods ; Prospective Studies ; Reproducibility of Results ; Single-Blind Method ; Slit Lamp Microscopy ; methods ; Smartphone