Alternaria cassiae Jurair & Khan was recorded on seeds of sickle senna(Cassia tora L.). Seed infection ranged from 25~45% in two samples. Developing roots and shoots turn brown and died in case of severe infection. Detailed descriptions were given on the habit characters of the fungus and on the morphology of conidiophores and condia. This is the first report of A. cassiae on seeds of Cassia.
Alternaria* ; Cassia* ; Fungi ; Korea*

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study is to establish a Reversed Phase – High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for the quantification of Rhein from Cassia fistula L. leaves.

METHODS

A Shimadzu system equipped with a C18 Column (150 x 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with an isocratic elution of Acetonitrile (solvent A) and 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid aqueous solution (solvent B) (Merck, 1.08178.0050) with a 55:45 ratio, respectively and a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and sample injection of 10 μL detection was done at 230 nm. Standard solution of Rhein (Chengdu Biopurify) was prepared for method development. This study was validated using the guidelines set under “ICH Topic Q2 R2 or the Validation of Analytical Procedures”. Procedures for linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection, and limit of quantitation were performed.

RESULTS

The retention time of Rhein standard was determined at 5.10 minutes. LOD and LOQ were determined to be 1.278 mcg/mL and 3.872 mcg/mL, respectively with good linearity (R2 ≥0.996) with a linear range of 2.5-20 ug/mL of the Rhein standard. The accuracy of the method was determined based on % recovery method and ranged from 94.75%-100.32% (intraday, n=3) with %RSD of 0.71. The intraday precision %RSD was 2.92 (n=6) while interday precision %RSD was 3.75 (n=3). The method was able to check the Rhein quantity among 10 samples of Cassia fistula L. leaves from different locations in the Philippines.

CONCLUSION

The method was found to be sensitive and accurate for the quantification of Rhein. The method was found to be useful for the quantification of the amount of Rhein and can be used as a Quality Control tool for the assessment of Cassia fistula.

Cassia ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid

Objectives: The aim of this study is to establish a Reversed Phase – High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for the quantification of Rhein from Cassia fistula L. leaves. Methods: A Shimadzu system equipped with a C18 Column (150 x 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with an isocratic elution of Acetonitrile (solvent A) and 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid aqueous solution (solvent B) (Merck, 1.08178.0050) with a 55:45 ratio, respectively and a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and sample injection of 10 μL detection was done at 230 nm. Standard solution of Rhein (Chengdu Biopurify) was prepared for method development. This study was validated using the guidelines set under “ICH Topic Q2 R2 or the Validation of Analytical Procedures”. Procedures for linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection, and limit of quantitation were performed. Results: The retention time of Rhein standard was determined at 5.10 minutes. LOD and LOQ were determined to be 1.278 mcg/mL and 3.872 mcg/mL, respectively with good linearity (R2 ≥0.996) with a linear range of 2.5-20 ug/mL of the Rhein standard. The accuracy of the method was determined based on % recovery method and ranged from 94.75%-100.32% (intraday, n=3) with %RSD of 0.71. The intraday precision %RSD was 2.92 (n=6) while interday precision %RSD was 3.75 (n=3). The method was able to check the Rhein quantity among 10 samples of Cassia fistula L. leaves from different locations in the Philippines. Conclusion The method was found to be sensitive and accurate for the quantification of Rhein. The method was found to be useful for the quantification of the amount of Rhein and can be used as a Quality Control tool for the assessment of Cassia fistula.
Cassia ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid

A total of ten compounds were isolated from the 90% Et OH extract of Cassia siamea by using various chormatographic techniques,and their structures were established as( 2' S)-2-( propan-2'-ol)-5,7-dihydroxy-benzopyran-4-one( 1),chrobisiamone( 2), 2-( 2'-hydroxypropyl)-5-methyl-7-hydroxychromone( 3), 2,5-dimethyl-7-hydroxychromone( 4), 2-methyl-5-acetonyl-7-hydroxychromone( 5),3-O-methylquercetin( 6),3,5,7,3',4'-pentahydroxyflavonone( 7),luteolin-5,3'-dimethylether( 8),4-( trans)-acetul-3,6,8-trihydroxy-3-methyl-dihydronapht halenone( 9) and 6-hydroxymellein( 10) based on the spectroscopic data.Compound 1 was a new compound,and 3,4,6,8 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Cassia ; Luteolin ; Senna Plant ; Spectrum Analysis

Anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic and analgesic activity of each herbal extract, which is extracted from Bacopa monnieriis, Cassia fistula and Phyllanthus polyphyllus, respectively. The treatment of herbal extract exhibited anti-inflammatory effect as a dose-dependent manner, from 1.25mg/kg to 12.5mg/kg, in acute inflammatory models (carrageen and egg-albumin induced rat hind paw edema). It also elicited significant anti-inflammatory activity in chronic inflammatory models (cotton pellet granuloma and Freund's adjuvant induced polyarthritis in rat). In cotton pellet granuloma test, the extract exhibited the inhibitory effect of 23 and 57% at the dose of 6.25 and 12.5 mg/kg, respectively. In Freund's adjuvant induced model, the treatment of the extract of 1.25, 6.25 and 12.5 mg/kg showed the inhibitory effect of 23, 56 and 66% at 8 days, respectively. In the acetic acid-induced model, the extract significantly reduced abdominal writhing in mice when compared to the control group, reducing the mean number of writhing from 41 ± 2 in the control group to 17 ± 3 and 15 ± 2 at the dose of 6.25 and 12.5 mg/kg. From these experiments, the extract, which was extracted from the combination of Bacopa monnieriis, Cassia fistula and Phyllanthus polyphyllus, (w/w/w = 1/2/1) is surprisingly found a significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity.
Animals ; Arthritis ; Bacopa* ; Cassia* ; Freund's Adjuvant ; Granuloma ; Mice ; Phyllanthus* ; Rats

The dry seeds of Cassia obtusifolia were carried by the "ShenZhou 8" satellite and sowed after landing. Based on our pri- or study on SP1, the characteristics of plants growth, physiological index and content of effective components were examined. The results showed that the QC10, QC29 strains matured 5 d earlier compared with control. The plant height, across diameter and ground diameter of QC10, QC29, QC46 strains was superior to the control at whole growth period. The branch number increased ranging from 4 to 11 and the number of pods reached 321, 313,281, respectively, which was dramatically higher than the control (246). The yield of QC10, QC29, QC46 strains increased noticeably from 31.4 to 63.2 g. The 1000-seed-weight of QC10, QC29, QC46 strains was 25.86, 25.88, 24.06 g, while the control was 23.69 g. Compared to the control, the mass fraction of chlorophyll was enhanced 1.098, 1.016, 0.297 mg. There was no significant difference in aurantio-obtusin and chrysophanol content of seeds. Through two years research, three high-yield mutant strains were obtained. This study indicates that spaceflight-induced mutants could provide new germplasm for C. obtusifolia breeding and offers the theoretical basis for further utilization of spaceflight-induced mutation to breed high-quality C. obtusifolia strains.
Cassia ; chemistry ; genetics ; growth & development ; Mutation ; Space Flight

OBJECTIVETo establish methods of RP-HPLC respectively for content-determination of two types of constituents in the Cassia obtusifolia respectively, and tp determine the constituents between the raw and roasted seeds of C. obtusifolia in order to distinguish the difference of those seeds.

METHODHPLC systems consisted of Alltima C18 (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 microm), column temperature at 30 degrees C, flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). Two different mobile phases and detection wavelengths: I , ACN-THF-0.1% H3 PO4 (17 : 3:80), 278 nm; II , MeOH-0.1% H3PO4 (79:21), 254 nm. Analyzed and compared the content of the two types of constituents between the raw and roasted seeds of C. obtusifolia.

RESULTThe calibrate curves of 5 constituents were linear (r > 0.999 7). The precision and repeatability were perfect (RSD < 1.6%, 1.8%). The samples were stabile during 24 h.

CONCLUSIONThe study provide a better universal reference for evaluating and controlling the quality of C. obtusifolia pieces.

Cassia ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Hot Temperature ; Seeds ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo establish HPLC fingerprint for the identification of Cassia obtusifolia and compare chemical constituents of the raw and roasted seeds of C. obtusifolia.

METHODChromatographic fingerprint of C. obtusifolia was investigated by RP-HPLC and the gradient elution mode was applied to chromatographic separation. Data were analyzed by fingerprint similarity evaluation software to compare the similarity of the samples for identifying the main chromatographic peaks furthermore.

RESULTHaving compared the HPLC fingerprint of the raw and roasted seeds of C. obtusifolia were compared preliminarily, and 12 main chromatographic peaks were identified.

CONCLUSIONHPLC method can be used in quality control and identification of the raw and roasted seeds of C. obtusifolia.

Cassia ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cooking ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Hot Temperature ; Seeds ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo isolate and identify chemical constituents of Cassia alata.

METHODCompounds were separated and purified by column chromatography with silica gel and Sephadex LH-20, elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR, IR and MS techniques.

RESULTTwelve compounds were isolated from C. alata, which were identified as chrysoeriol (1), kaempferol (2), quercetin (3), 5,7,4'-trihydroflavanone (4), kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5), kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (6), 17-hydrotetratriacontane (7), n-dotriacontanol (8), n-triacontanol (9), palmitic acid ceryl ester (10), stearic acid (11), palmitic acid (12).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 3-12 were isolated from C. alata for the first time.

Cassia ; chemistry ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo identify Cassia seeds of six species by capillary electrophoresis.

METHODThe water-soluble extracts of Cassia seeds of six species were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis. The running buffer was 0.1 mol.L-1 borate, 0.1 mol.L-1 SDS, pH 8.5. The separation voltage was 25 kV.

RESULTFour common peaks could be found in the electropherograms of six species Cassia seeds, and the characteristic peaks could also be observed.

CONCLUSIONFingerprints of the six species of Cassia seeds show significant differences, which can be used for their identification.

Cassia ; chemistry ; classification ; Electrophoresis, Capillary ; Pharmacognosy ; Phylogeny ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Species Specificity