No abstract available.
Carotid Artery, Common* ; Rabbits*

No abstract available.
Carotid Artery, Common* ; Rupture*

No abstract available.
Atherosclerosis* ; Carotid Artery, Common* ; Methods*

There are a number of complications associated with ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) surgery. The authors present a rare case of iatrogenic common carotid artery injury during VPS surgery.
Carotid Artery, Common* ; Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt*

Approximately 2% of patients who are evaluated for symptomatic carotid artery disease have complete occlusion of a common carotid artery. Surgical management for the symptomatic carotid occlusion has various options. Surgical treatment for these patients should be decided according to the patient's condition causes of the obstruction and collateral circulations. We report our experience of surgical management for symptomatic carotid occlusion with contralateral carotid stenosis which were successfully treated with subclavian-carotid artery bypass and carotid endarterectomy.
Arteries* ; Carotid Arteries* ; Carotid Artery Diseases ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Carotid Stenosis ; Collateral Circulation ; Endarterectomy, Carotid* ; Humans

By using technique of microvascular anastomosis under the operating microscope experimental aneurysms were produced in seven rats. These experimental aneurysms were adequately excluded by progressive carbonization of aneurysmal sac and then the remained portion of aneurysmal sacs were reinforced by wrapping with ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate. In this acute experiment all of the common carotid arteries were satisfactorily patent.
Aneurysm ; Animals ; Carbon ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Rats

We present two rare cases of anomalous vertebral artery (VA) with retroesophageal right subclavian artery. One patient had a right VA arising from the right common carotid artery (CCA), and a left VA originating from the third branch off the aorta. Both VAs ascended anteriorly to the transverse foramen of C5 to C6 vertebra and entered the transverse foramen of C4. The other patient had a right VA arising from the right CCA and entering the transverse foramen of C5. The presence of anomalous variations of the origin and course of vertebral artery might have serious implications in angiographic and surgical procedures, and it is of great importance to be aware of such a possibility.
Aorta ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Humans ; Spine ; Subclavian Artery ; Vertebral Artery

This experimental study was performed to evaluate the correlation between the stenosis of common carotid artery and the change of velocity wave form in sixteen mongrel dogs. With continuous directional Doppler the velocity waves were recorded from the common carotid artery, which was experimentally stenosed by the graded constrictor. Grouped according to carotid angiogram, there were 16 normals(I), 21 stenoses of less than 35%(II), 16 stenoses of 36-59%(III), 10 stnoses of 60-79%(IV), and 10 stenoses of more than 80%(V). From the analysis of carotid artery velocity tracings, six most discriminating variables were obtained, which were statistically significant between intergroup comparison except between group I and group II. Four best fit discriminant equations for group II, III, IV, or V were derived through the analysis of the combination of these six variables. Using these equations and the values for six variables, the overall accuracy rate of placing it into appropriate group was 84.2%. The accuracy rate of separating normal, stenosis less than 60%, and stenosis more than 60% was 94.8%. The carotid stenosis of 36-59% (group III) showed some change of carotid velocity wave form and could be diagnosed appropriately using the velocity wave form analysis. Therefore it is concluded that the velocity wave form anlaysis would be a useful and handy mehtod to evaluate the occlusive carotid artery disease.
Animals ; Carotid Arteries* ; Carotid Artery Diseases ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Carotid Stenosis ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis* ; Dogs

PURPOSE: Various duplex criteria have been used to predict hemodynamically significant carotid artery stenosis. Clinicians have relied on published institutional experience for carotid duplex ultrasound interpretation. Duplex parameters for interpreting carotid artery stenosis severity consist of peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity of the internal carotid artery (ICA), the ratio of ICA PSV and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) to common carotid artery (CCA) PSV (PSVICA/CCA) and EDV (EDVICA/CCA). This study was performed to elucidate which duplex parameter can predict the severity of the carotid artery stenosis more accurately. METHODS: The carotid duplex ultrasound and angiographic results of 121 carotid arteries were analyzed. Receiver operater characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare PSV, EDV, and both ratios in detecting > or =50%, > or =60%, and > or =70% stenosis of the internal carotid artery. RESULTS: The PSVICA/CCA ratio can accurately detect > or =50%, > or =60%, and > or =70% stenosis of the internal carotid artery. To detect > or =50% angiographic stenosis, a PSVICA/CCA ratio of 1.2 has a sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 77%. A PSVICA/CCA ratio of 1.8 can detect > or =60% angiographic stenosis with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 79%. Finally, a PSVICA/CCA ratio of 2.2 can detect > or =70% angiographic stenosis with a sensitivity and specificity of 70 and 89%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The PSVICA/CCA ratio can be used for detecting internal carotid artery angiographic stenosis. PSVICA/CCA ratios of 1.2, 1.8, and 2.2 are proper criteria for interpreting 50%< or =, 60%< or = and 70%< or = stenosis, respectively.
Carotid Arteries ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Carotid Stenosis ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Sensitivity and Specificity

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine the association between the common polymorphisms of the adiponectin gene(ACDC) and the intima-media thickness(IMT) of the common carotid arteries in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: The B mode ultrasound examination of carotid artery was performed on 133 type 2 diabetic patients. The carotid IMT was calculated using the Intimascope computer program. The SNP45 and SNP276 of the ACDC were examined. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the carotid IMT among the SNP45 genotypes(0.66+/-0.18mm for TT, 0.71+/-0.12mm for TG and 0.64+/-0.15mm for GG, P=NS). Subjects carrying the SNP276 GG genotype had a markedly lower serum adiponectin concentration than those carrying the TT genotype(3.35+/-2.00microgram/mL vs. 4.98+/-2.24microgram/mL, P=0.029) The carotid IMT was significantly higher in patients with the SNP276 GG genotype than those with the TT genotype (0.70+/-0.17mm vs. 0.59+/-0.13mm, P=0.032). Patients with the +45GG/+276GG genotype combination showed significantly higher mean carotid IMT than the other genotype combinations(0.78+/-0.09mm vs. 0.71+/-0.15mm, P=0.013) CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the adiponectin gene, SNP276 is associated with the carotid IMT in type 2 diabetic patients. Further studies are will be needed to confirm these genotypephenotype associations.
Adiponectin* ; Carotid Arteries* ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Genotype ; Humans ; Ultrasonography