Cardiovascular System ; physiopathology ; Child ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; physiopathology

This study designs an intermittent pneumatic pressurization device with STM32 series single chip as the core. The working state of the air pump and the plurality of air chambers is controlled by the IO port of the single chip microcomputer, and the circulating inflation of the plurality of air bags is realized. The pressure monitoring system consists of a silicon piezoresistive pressure sensor, a high-precision operational amplifier and a 12-bit AD converter which monitors the gas pressure of each gas path in real time to ensure the safety of the equipment. The system is easy to operate, simple in function, and has strong practicability.
Blood Circulation ; Cardiovascular System/physiopathology* ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Microcomputers ; Pressure

Autonomic Nervous System ; physiopathology ; Blood Pressure ; physiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; therapy ; Cardiovascular System ; physiopathology ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; therapy ; Humans

Cardiovascular bioactive peptides constitute life activity of human beings. They play important roles in regulating the development of cardiovascular system, and controlling disease progression. Recently, interests have arised on the adjusting effects of cardiovascular bioactive peptides on endocrine metabolism, its changes during disease course, influence on disease pathogenesis, as well as its effects on the diagnosis, treatment, and early interventions. New advances have been increasingly achieved in basic and clinical researches. It has become one of the most active areas in life sciences.
Cardiovascular Diseases ; physiopathology ; Endocrine System Diseases ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; physiology ; Peptide Hormones ; physiology

Animals ; Cardiovascular System ; physiopathology ; Fatigue ; drug therapy ; Mice ; Oxidative Stress ; Periplaneta ; chemistry ; Physical Conditioning, Animal

OBJECTIVETo explore the perioperative cardiovascular dysfunction and its relevance to age in patients with silent coronary heart disease (or silent myocardial ischemia), and explore the clinical treatment and recovery of perioperative arrhythmias.

METHODSOne hundred and eighty cases were selected from selective surgery patients with silent myocardial ischemia (SMI). Among the cases, 130 patients older than 51 years old were divided into 51 - 60 year-old group, 61- 70 year-old group and 71 - 80 year-old group. Control group was set up by other 50 patients younger than 51 years old. Electrocardiogram data of 24 h before the operation, 24 h after the operation and 48 h after the operation were continuously monitored by dynamic electrocardiogram (DCG). The electrocardiogram data of ST shifting, arrhythmia incidences of different type and at different time were analyzed by professional doctors. At the same time, the treatment and recovery of perioperative arrhythmia were recorded.

RESULTSAs the age increase, the magnitude and duration of ST shifting appeared upward trend compared to the control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The incidence of ST elevation in 71 - 80 year-old group was higher than the control group (P < 0.05). The ST depression duration in 61 - 70 and 71 - 80 year-old group and ST elevation magnitude in 71 - 80 year-old group were higher than 51 - 60 year-old group (P < 0.05). Compared to the control group, the incidence of accelerated idioventricular rhythm (AIR) in 61 - 70 year-old group and the incidence of sinus bradycardia (SB), ventricular premature beat (VPB), ventricular tachycardia (VT) in 71 - 80 year-old group were higher (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared to the 51 - 60 year-old group, the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in 61 - 70 year-old group and the incidence of VP, VT, AF in 71 - 80 year-old group were higher (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The arrhythmia incidences in 24 h after operation were higher than 48 h after operation and 24 h before operation (P < 0.01). As the age increase, the recovery incidence by removing inducement was decreased, but the recovery incidences by drug and electric-shock treatment were increased (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONOld SMI patients have high levels of perioperative myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia, and 24 h after operation is the period of high incidence.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cardiovascular System ; physiopathology ; Coronary Disease ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perioperative Period

INTRODUCTIONAdults with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) are well documented to be at high risk for cardiovascular abnormalities. Growing evidence suggests that OSA is also associated with cardiovascular consequences in children. The purpose of this review is to examine the available data on this association in children.

METHODSPrimary studies were extracted from a MEDLINE search limited to those published between 1970 and 2008. The keywords used included child, sleep disordered breathing, sleep apnoea, snoring, blood pressure and hearts. The relevant articles were selected by consensus between 2 authors.

RESULTSThe results suggested that OSA was consistently associated with hypertension. Meta-analysis of risk of hypertension in those with high apnoea-hypopnoea index was undertaken. A combined odds ratio equal to 3.15 was found (95% confidence interval, 2.01 to 4.93). There was evidence for increased sympathetic activation, decreased arterial distensibility and ventricular hypertrophy in children with OSA.

CONCLUSIONChildhood OSA is associated with blood pressure dysregulation. The association of OSA with other cardiovascular morbidities requires further study in view of the limited data available currently.

Atherosclerosis ; physiopathology ; Blood Pressure ; physiology ; Cardiovascular System ; physiopathology ; Cerebral Arteries ; physiopathology ; Child ; Endothelium, Vascular ; physiopathology ; Heart Rate ; physiology ; Humans ; Hypertension ; physiopathology ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; physiopathology ; Pulmonary Heart Disease ; physiopathology ; Regional Blood Flow ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; complications ; physiopathology ; Ventricular Function

Autonomic dysfunction commonly occurs in Parkinson's disease, but the pathogenesis of autonomic dysregulation remains uncertain. Autonomic functions regulating the cardiovascular system have been investigated in Parkinson's disease, but those involving the extremities has not been well demonstrated. To compare autonomic dysfunctions of the cardiovascular system with those of the extremities, we performed sympathetic skin response (SSR) and cardiovascular autonomic function tests (CAFT) - 30:15 ratio, E:I ratio, Valsalva ratio, isometric exercise test (IET) - in 37 patients with Parkinson's disease and 33 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The patients were asked to stop antiparkinsonian medications for at least 12 hours prior to the tests. SSR was measured at the right hand and foot after electrical stimulation of the right median and posterior tibial nerves. Absent SSR at either one or both extremities and CAFT beyond normal ranges were regarded as abnormal. Abnormal SSR was observed in 59% of patients, while abnormal CAFT were found in the range of 32%-81%. Patients with abnormal SSR showed more frequent and severe CAFT abnormalities than did patients with normal SSR. Among the CAFT, IET was well correlated with the SSR. The results suggest that parkinsonian sympathetic dysfunction involving either the cardiovascular system or the extremities may have the same pathophysiology.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Autonomic Nervous System/physiopathology* ; Cardiovascular System/innervation* ; Extremities/innervation ; Female ; Galvanic Skin Response/physiology* ; Human ; Male ; Middle Age ; Parkinson Disease/physiopathology*

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of underground work on cardiovascular system health in coal miners.
 METHODS: Male coal miners, who received electrocardiographic examinations between June, 2013 and August, 2014 in Hunan Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Diseases to exclude pneumoconiosis, were enrolled for this study (n=3 134). Miners with 2 years or more underground work experience were selected as the exposed group (n=2 370), while miners without underground work experience were selected as the control group (n=764). The prevalence of electrocardiographic abnormalities and the influential factors were compared between the 2 groups.
 RESULTS: The prevalences of electrocardiographic abnormalities, hypertension, heart rate abnormalities and cardiovascular system abnormalities in the exposed group vs the control group were 37.6% vs 25.4%, 20.5% vs 13.4%, 5.7% vs 6.0%, 49.8% vs 35.2%, respectively. The cardiovascular system abnormalities were correlated with the underground work (OR=3.128, 95% CI: 1.969-4.970), the underground work experience (OR=1.205, 95% CI: 1.070-1.358) and the type of works (mining worker OR=1.820, 95% CI: 1.527-2.169; auxiliary worker OR=1.937, 95% CI: 1.511-2.482; other worker OR=3.291, 95%CI: 2.120-5.109).
 CONCLUSION Underground work may increase the prevalence of cardiovascular system abnormalities for coal miners. The longer the coal miners work in underground, the higher the risk of the cardiovascular system abnormalities they are.
Cardiovascular System ; physiopathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Coal Mining ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Male ; Miners ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology ; Pneumoconiosis ; Prevalence

Although metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and the development of atherosclerosis, consensus is still lacking on the status of cardiovascular function and geometry in MetS patients. We investigated the relation between MetS and left ventricle (LV) geometry and function, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and arterial stiffness in a community-based cohort of 702 adult subjects. Subjects were categorized into three groups according to the number of MetS components present, as defined by the Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines: 1) Absent (0 criteria), 2) Pre-MetS (1-2 criteria) or 3) MetS (> or =3 criteria). In female subjects, LV mass, LV mass/height(2.7), deceleration time, and aortic pulse wave velocity increased, and E/A ration decreased in a stepwise manner across the three groups. These changes were not observed in male subjects. The mean carotid IMT was higher in the MetS group than in the other two groups. The degree of MetS clustering is found to be strongly correlated with geometric eccentricity of LV hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction and arterial changes irrespective of age and blood pressure status, particularly in females. Waist circumference is found to have the most powerful effect on cardiovascular parameters.
Adult ; Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology/*physiopathology ; Cardiovascular System/pathology/*physiopathology ; Carotid Arteries/anatomy & histology/physiology ; *Cohort Studies ; Female ; Heart Ventricles/anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome X/complications/*physiopathology ; Middle Aged ; *Rural Population ; Ventricular Function, Left/physiology