A study on 79 patients with the cardiac failure has shown that the cardiovascular diseases: 26,5%, hypertension: 21,5% the coronary insufficiency: 17,7%, the pulmonary caused cardiac failure: 13,9%, the arrhythmia: 8,9%. The rate of cardiac failure in men was higher than this in women, in elderly was higher than younger and in farmer and pensioner higher than that in others. The common symptoms of the cardiac failure were breathing difficulties(100%), heart big(87,3%), peripheral edema (86,1%), tiredness (86,1%), angina pectoris (82,2%), liver big (79,7), hypouresis, palpitation (75,9%), positive cervical vein - hepatic reflex (65,8%), cough in night (56,9%), explicit cervical vein (54,4%) and pulmonary homeostasis in x-ray film (54,4%).
Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology

Obesity is becoming increasingly prevalent and thus has been a global public concern. Studies have demonstrated that obesity and its complications can cause an early onset of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), reduce the therapeutic efficacy of medical and invasive treatment, and thus increase the mortality. Meanwhile, it can also cause damage to the structure, electrophysiology, and myocardial function of heart. It can be a particularly important issue for women. On the other hand, heart injury can also affect the weight loss options and their outcomes. This article elucidates the relationship between obesity and its complications and CVD, and meanwhile proposes some new perspectives about the prevention of CVD.
Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; Humans ; Obesity ; complications

Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; Humans ; Psychology, Industrial

Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; Diet ; Glycemic Index ; Humans

Arthritis, Psoriatic ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology* ; Cardiovascular System ; Humans

INTRODUCTIONThe aim of this paper is to review the cardiovascular (CVS) risks associated with obesity in children and adolescents. Both short-term and long-term CVS consequences, the mechanisms of how these develop and the measures that can alter or reverse these CVS events are reviewed.

MATERIALS AND METHODSSelected publications include original articles and review papers that report on studies of CVS risks and consequences related to childhood obesity. Some papers that contain data from adults studies are also included if the contents help to explain some underlying mechanisms or illustrate the continuation of related CVS changes into adulthood.

RESULTSObese children and adolescents have an increased risk for CVS complications that include elevation of blood pressure, clustering of CVS risk factors (Metabolic Syndrome), changes to arterial wall thickness, elasticity and endothelium, as well as changes in left ventricular structure and function. Some of these cardiovascular problems may be initiated or potentiated by obstructive sleep apnoea that can accompany obesity in children. Many of such changes have been noted to reverse or improve with weight reduction.

CONCLUSIONSEarly development of CVS risks in obese children and the possible continuation of CVS complications into adulthood have been observed. Obstructive sleep apnoea in obese children can further contribute to such CVS risks. These findings underscore the importance of prevention of childhood obesity as a priority over management of obesity in children.

Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Metabolic Syndrome

Cardiovascular Diseases ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Humans

Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Disasters ; Earthquakes ; Humans

Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Risk Factors