Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Postoperative Period

In order to standardize the effective prevention, early screening and diagnosis of the population at risk of primary liver cancer, the Chinese Society of Hepatology and Chinese Medical Association organized the relevant domestic experts to formulate the "Consensus on Secondary Prevention of Primary Liver Cancer (2021 version)," based on the basic, clinical and preventive research progress, combined with the actual situation at home and abroad, so as to provide an important basis for the prevention, screening and early diagnosis of primary liver cancer in the population of chronic liver disease.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/prevention & control* ; Consensus ; Gastroenterology ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Neoplasms/prevention & control* ; Mass Screening ; Secondary Prevention

Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Phytotherapy ; Precancerous Conditions ; drug therapy ; prevention & control

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Evidence for the effect of dietary factors on colorectal carcinogenesis is yet inconsistent. Few studies have been conducted to investigate whether dietary factors were associated with the developement of colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence in Korea. We evaluated the relationship between the intake of vegetables and fruits and the degree of dysplasia of the colorectal adenoma and cancer. METHODS: For this study, 539 cases with histopathologically confirmed incidental colorectal adenoma, 162 cases with colorectal cancer and 2,576 controls were collected from Our Lady of Mercy Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea during 1994-1999. Informations on demographic characteristics, life style habits and dietary intake were obtained by interviewed questionnaire before the colonoscopy. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated by using polytomous logistic regression model. RESULTS: In female, the high intake of raw green and yellow vegetables were found to be negatively associated with the risk of colorectal cancer (adjusted OR: 0.54, 95% CI=0.32-0.93) and the high intake of persimmon, mandarin and strawberry among fruits were negatively associated with the risk of adenoma with mild dysplasia (adjusted OR: 0.43, 95% CI=0.20-0.94). In male, the high intake of banana, pear, apple and watermelon among fruits were negatively associated with the risk of colorectal cancer (adjusted OR: 0.36, 95% CI=0.16-0.84). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the intake of vegetables and fruits may act differently in developmental steps of colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence.
Adenoma/*prevention & control ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma/*prevention & control ; Colorectal Neoplasms/*prevention & control ; *Diet ; English Abstract ; Female ; *Fruit ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Vegetables

Radiotherapy is the main way to treat the Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. But there are a lot of serious complications, the most common one of then is radioactive xerostomia. It seriously affect the patients's quality of life, even make patients change or stop their radiotherapy. It is extremely important to prevent and treat xerostomia caused by radiotherapy.
Carcinoma ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; complications ; radiotherapy ; Quality of Life ; Radiotherapy ; adverse effects ; Xerostomia ; etiology ; prevention & control

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; surgery ; Catheter Ablation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; prevention & control

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; surgery ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; surgery ; Humans ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; prevention & control ; surgery ; Prognosis

As multi-modality treatments are now able to ensure better local control and a lower rate of extra-cranial metastasis, brain metastasis has become a major concern in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC). Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) is now a standard treatment for patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), it decreases the incidence of brain metastases and increases the survival rate. Despite the relatively high incidence of brain metastases in LA-NSCLC, the role of PCI in patients treated with radical intent has not been established yet. The objective of this systematic review was to establish whether PCI prevents the development of brain metastasis and increases survival in LA-NSCLC patients, the characteristics of the benefit patients, the tolerance and toxicity, the effective dose and timing of PCI. The main concern in this review is to establish the definitive role of PCI in the treatment of locally advanced NSCLC.
Biomedical Research ; Brain Neoplasms ; prevention & control ; secondary ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; prevention & control ; secondary ; Cranial Irradiation ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ; prevention & control ; secondary ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo review the advances of studies on clinical results of aspirin's chemopreventive effect against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and evidences for mechanisms of the antitumoural effects of aspirin in experimental research.

DATA SOURCESA comprehensive search of the PubMed literatures without restriction on the publication date was carried out using keywords such as aspirin and esophageal cancer.

STUDY SELECTIONArticles associated with aspirin and esophageal cancer are analyzed.

RESULTSThis review focuses on the current evidence for use of aspirin as a chemopreventive agent in ESCC. Aspirin is the most widely used among all nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which is cheap and acceptable to patients. Several observational results provide the further investigation of prevention and therapy of aspirin or similar drugs in esophageal cancer. Data from case control studies, cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) also give some support of a beneficial role of aspirin on ESCC. Experimental data suggest that aspirin may prevent carcinogenesis of ESCC by favorably affecting proliferation, apoptosis, or other as yet unidentified growth-regulating processes. But the mechanism by which aspirin influence on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma needs further investigation.

CONCLUSIONA wealth of evidences ranging from clinical data to experimental results are building to suggest that aspirin has significant effects in reducing both the incidence and mortality of ESCC.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; therapeutic use ; Aspirin ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Humans

Adult ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Survival Analysis