In recent years, series of driver genes, such as EGFR, KRAS/NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, ALK and ROS1 and so on, have been found in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) one after another with the development of molecular detecting technology. Targeted drugs bring benefits for these NSCLC patients with driver gene variations. However, some NSCLC did not have any known driver gene variations; we called it pan-negative lung cancer. In this paper, we summarize the concept, clinical pathological characteristics, the epidemiological characteristics, treatment and prognosis of pan-negative NSCLC.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology ; Mutation ; Prognosis

Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis is rare, but is being encountered with increasing frequency with the availability of more sensitive imaging techniques. RI is the most sensitive of these techniques, though it cannot differentiate between intramedullary spinal cord metastasis and other cord pathologies. Occasionally, therefore, surgical biopsy is indicated though optimal treatment after diagnosis remains controversial. Radical resection, radiation and chemotherapy significantly prolong survival, but many patients survive less than one year. The authors have encountered two cases of intramedullary spinal cord metastasis of small cell carcinoma of the lung. These are reviewed, together with literature describing adequate evaluation and management.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Lung ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Pathology ; Spinal Cord*

Papillary serous peritoneal carcinoma(PSPC) is a rare malignancy that arises in the peritoneum and histologically resembles papillary serous carcinoma of the ovary. If peritoneal carcinomatosis occurs in the absence of an obvious primary tumor site and is associated with a papillary serous pathology, we may be dealing with the distinct entity of PSPC of extraovarian origin. Radiological findings suggesting the diagnosis are diffuse microcalcifications in the peritoneum, which occur in relation to psammoma bodies. The Ca-125 is most often abnormal and, not uncommonly, markedly elevated. The diagnosis requires that the surgeon identify grossly normal ovaries or minimal surface involvement. If PSPC is confirmed, a total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and aggressive debulking surgery should be carried out, followed by cisplatin-based chemotherapy. We report a case of PSPC arising from the rectum in a 41 year-old woman.
Adult ; Carcinoma ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Ovary ; Pathology ; Peritoneum ; Rectum*

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Fatal Outcome ; Humans ; Intestinal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Intestine, Small ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged

Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; classification ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma in Situ ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Lobular ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Mastectomy ; Precancerous Conditions ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Tamoxifen ; therapeutic use

Lung cancer is one of the most important malignant tumors in the world. The morbidity and mortality rank the first in all kinds of cancer. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is at least 200 nt long and has no protein coding capacity. It plays an important role in the epigenetic regulation, cell cycle regulation, the regulation of cell differentiation, and many other life activities. The studies indicate that dysregulation of lncRNAs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissue and blood circulation is associated with the occurrence and development of cancer. The lncRNAs play an significant role in proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis of the tumor cells. Explore the potential mechanism between lncRNAs and NSCLC is beneficial for the early diagnosis, target therpy and improve prognosis. Therefore, the study aims to demonstrate the latest studies on the lncRNAs related to occurence, diagnosis, therpy and prognosis of NSCLC. It can help to deeply understanding of lncRNA, and provide new ideas for the prevention of NSCLC.
Carcinogenesis ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo assess the diagnostic value of core needle biopsy (CNB) before neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.

METHODSOne hundred and nineteen breast cancer cases underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy in our hospital during the period from June, 2005 to January, 2007 were analyzed. CNB was carried out before starting chemotherapy. The hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides of CNB taken before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were reviewed independently by two pathologists, and the rate of consistency was verified.

RESULTSAmongst the 119 cases studied, 110 cases were confirmed to be carcinoma, including 105 cases of invasive carcinoma and 5 cases of ductal carcinoma-in-situ. The rate of consistency was 97.22% (105/108).

CONCLUSIONCNB has important value in distinguishing benign from malignant lesions, as well as in confirming the diagnosis of invasive carcinoma before starting neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Biopsy, Needle ; methods ; utilization ; Breast ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; methods

Adult ; Carcinoma, Embryonal ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Keratin-19 ; metabolism ; Ki-1 Antigen ; metabolism ; Male ; Orchiectomy ; methods ; Testicular Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; metabolism

Adamantinoma ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Mandibular Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Azathioprine (AZA) treatment in transplant or autoimmune patients and subsequent appearance squamous cell carcinomas at various sites, particularly skin and cervix, has shown a close relationship. However, it remains uncertain whether this is true for the patients with Crohn's disease. We report a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the breast occurred in a 35-year-old female with Crohn's disease taking AZA. She was first diagnosed with Crohn's disease 10 years ago and has taken AZA with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) on regular follow up in gastrointestinal department for 9 years. She had no family history of breast cancer. She visited breast cancer clinic due to incidentally found right breast mass. A mastectomy on the right breast was performed and 6.3x5.5 cm mass was removed. The mass was microscopically proven to be poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma with focal keratin pearl formation. At age of 25, she was first diagnosed with active Crohn's disease. 5-ASA and corticosteroid induced remission. Then, steroid was tapered off and AZA was maintained at 1 mg/kg due to leukopenia at higher dose. She stopped taking AZA at her discretion during her two pregnancies and reported total of 67 months of AZA medication on her breast cancer diagnosis.
Adult ; Azathioprine/*therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms/*diagnosis/pathology/therapy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/*diagnosis/pathology/therapy ; Colonoscopy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Crohn Disease/*drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents/*therapeutic use ; Mesalamine/therapeutic use ; Positron-Emission Tomography