OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of EphA2 and E cadherin proteins in papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues, and to explore the relationship between them. METHOD: Using immunohistochemical SP/PV method, we detected the expression of EphA2 and E cadherin in tumors of 43 papillary thyroid carcinomas, 11 thyroid adenoma and 10 normal thyroid tissues, then studied their relationships with clinic pathological factors. RESULT: The total positive rates of EphA2 and E cadherin expression were 58. 14% and 32. 56% in papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues, 18. 18% and 81. 81% in thyroid adenoma.tissues and they were 10. 00% and 100. 00% in normal thyroid tissues respectively. The positive expression of EphA2 in carcinoma tissues was higher than in the thyroid adenoma tissues and normal thyroid tissues (P<0. 05) and the positive expression of E cadherin in carcinoma tissues was lower than that in the thyroid adenoma tissues and normal thyroid tissues (P<0. 05). The positive expression of EphA2 and E cadherin was associated with lymph node metastasis and histological grade (P<0. 05), but it was not associated with all the clinic-pathological factors including age, sex and the tumor size (P>0. 05). In papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues, the expression of EphA2 was negatively correlated with the expression of E cadherin protein (r= -0. 416, P<0. 01). CONCLUSION EphA2 and E cadherin may be involved in carcinogenesis and development of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Antigens, CD ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Carcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Receptor, EphA2 ; metabolism ; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary ; Thyroid Gland ; metabolism ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the meanings of Oct-4's expression in thyroid adenoma, thyroid papillary carcinoma, thyroid follicular carcinoma, and medullary thyroid carcinoma. METHOD: We examined the expression of Oct-4 in 15 thyroid adenoma, 30 thyroid papillary carcinomas, 2 thyroid follicular carcinomas, and 3 medullary thyroid carcinomas using immunofluorescence. RESULT: Oct-4 expression was observed in all the thyroid-related diseases mentioned above. In thyroid papillary carcinomas, the expression of Oct-4 were higher than that in thyroid adenoma, and had no obvious relationship with the patients age, sex, the size and location of tumor and tumor metastasis. CONCLUSION The formation of the thyroid carcinomas may be concerned with the stem cells in thyroid. There are more stem cells in medullary thyroid carcinomas and follicular carcinomas.
Adenocarcinoma, Follicular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3 ; metabolism ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Carcinoma in Situ ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Collagen Type IV ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; pathology

OBJECTIVE: To explore the significance of p63 expression in thyroid carcinoma, thyroid papillary carcinoma, thyroid follicular carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma in order to find the possible causes of such thyroid-related diseases and if there is some kind of relation among them. METHOD: The expression of p63 was examined in 10 thyroid carcinomas, 20 thyroid papillary carcinomas, 4 thyroid follicular carcinomas, 2 squamous cell carcinomas and 2 medullary thyroid carcinomas using direct immunofluorescence. RESULT: It was shown that p63 expressed in all the thyroid-related diseases mentioned above. In squamous cell carcinoma, p63 has the highest expression and the expression of p63 in thyroid papillary carcinoma has no obvious relationship with the patients age, sex, the size and location of tumor and neoplasm metastasis. CONCLUSION The p63 masculine stem cells in thyroid could be one of the causes of some thyroid papillary carcinomas and thyroid follicular carcinomas. Thyroid papillary carcinoma, thyroid follicular carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma may have similar origins.
Adenocarcinoma, Follicular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adenocarcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Carcinoma, Medullary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; metabolism ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Trans-Activators ; metabolism ; Transcription Factors ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; metabolism

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 1 ; metabolism ; Carcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Humans ; Survival Rate ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between partial reversed cell polarity (PRCP) and lymphatic tumor spread in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), not othervise specified (NOS).

METHODSImmunohistochemistry (EnVision method) was used to examine the expression of epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and the reversed cell polarity in 199 cases of IDC.

RESULTSOf the 199 cases, including five cases with micropapillary differentiation,30 cases with PRCP and 164 cases of IDC-NOS (without micropapillary differentiation and/or PRCP), lymphovascular invasion was seen in four (4/5), 13(43.3%) and 30 cases (18.3%) respectively; nodal metastasis was seen in four (4/5), 19 (63.3%) and 56 cases (34.1%) respectively. The rates of lymphovascular invasion and nodal metastasis were significantly higher in IDC with PRCP or IMPC than IDC-NOS (P = 0.00); there was however no significant difference between IDC with PRCP and IMPC for lymphovascular invasion and nodal metastasis (P = 0.18, P = 0.64).

CONCLUSIONSIDC with PRCP, similar to IMPC, is more likely to show lymphovascular invasion and nodal metastasis. Complete or partial reversal of cell polarity may play a significant role in lymphatic tumor spread.

Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Polarity ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Mucin-1 ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Signal Transduction ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology

Adult ; CD56 Antigen ; metabolism ; Carcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Medullary ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; pathology ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Paraganglioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Thyroidectomy ; methods ; Transcription Factors ; Triglycerides ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between ALDH1A1 expression and lymph node metastasis (LNM) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

METHODSOne hundred and fifty-three paraffin-embedded specimens of PTC treated in the Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University were selected from January 2006 to December 2013. The expression of ALDH1A1 was detected in both tumor tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues by immunohistochemistry and several clinicopathological parameters (size, bilaterality, multifocality, tumor border and extrathyroidal extensions) were assessed by HE staining. The correlation of ALDH1A1 expression with LNM was analyzed.

RESULTSIn 153 cases of PTC, there were 82 cases with LNM, 126 cases with high ALDH1A1 expression in tumor tissues, and 112 cases with high ALDH1A1 expression in adjacent non-tumor tissues. On univariate analysis, patient age < 45 years, tumor size of 10 mm or more, invasive tumor border, and high ALDH1A1 expression in tumor tissues predicted LNM in PTC (P < 0.05), whereas gender, bilaterality, multifocality, extra-thyroidal extensions and high ALDH1A1 expression in adjacent non-tumor border did not (P > 0.05). On multivariate analysis, invasive tumor border, high ALDH1A1 expression in tumor tissues were found to be independent predictive factors for LNM in PTC (P < 0.05). After a follow-up of 42 months (median time), four patients developed locoregional recurrences, but no distance recurrence or disease related death were seen in 82 patients of follow up. The estimated 5-year locoregional recurrence was 4.88%. Of these four logcoregional recurrences, three involved lymph nodes and one involved the remaining thyroid. The ALDH1A1 expression in tumor tissues was high in all of recurrence cases.

CONCLUSIONHigh ALDH1A1 expression in tumor tissues is correlated with lymph node metastasis in PTC and may be used as an independent predictive factor of LNM, and may improve treatment and follow-up strategies for PTC.

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Carcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Risk Factors ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

Adenoma ; pathology ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Ear Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Endolymphatic Sac ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Vimentin ; metabolism