No abstract available.
Cisplatin ; Hyperpigmentation* ; Capecitabine

No abstract available.
Capecitabine ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Nasolacrimal Duct

No abstract available.
Capecitabine ; Colon ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Deoxycytidine ; Fluorouracil ; Humans

No abstract available.
Administration, Metronomic ; Aged* ; Capecitabine* ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Drug Therapy* ; Humans

INTRODUCTION: XELOX is non-inferior to FOLFOX-4 as a first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer. This study compares the costs associated with XEL0X+/-bevacizumab versus FOLFOX4+/-bevacizumab in a non-reimbursed, out of pocket Philippine health care system.
METHODS: This is a cost-minimization analysis using Philippine General Hospital as base case and a typical Filipino patient of 60 kg with BSA 1.66. The outcome data were derived from the N016966 trial. These included the drugs capecitabine, 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and bevacizumab (BEV); chemotherapy cycles and corresponding hospital admission for each regimen; resources associated with treatment of adverse events such hospital days, ambulatory consultations, concomitant
medication, and central venous line insertion/removal, with costs and charges based on the local setting.
RESULTS: Highest cost (direct and/or indirect) was for FOLFOX4+BEV, followed by XEL0X+BEV, FOLFOX4, and then XELOX. The use of XELOX resulted in a cost saving of PhP 158,642 per patient compared with FOLFOX4. The use of XEL0X+BEV resulted in a cost saving of PhP 186,144 per patient compared with FOLFOX4+BEV.
CONCLUSION: XEL0X+/-BEV is less costly than FOLFOX4-F/-BEV in an out-of-pocket Philippine tertiary hospital setting from the patient's perspective.

Hand-foot syndrome, also known as acral erythema, is a distinctive and relatively common toxic reaction due to some anticancer drugs. It is characterized by a painful erythema on the palms and soles during chemotherapy, which is often preceeded by paresthesia. We report two cases of hand-foot syndrome induced by capecitabine, which is a relatively brand-new oral anticancer agent. Hand-foot syndrome is one of the most common complications of capecitabine, and is on the increase. Therefore, dermatologists should be aware of it.
Drug Therapy ; Erythema ; Hand-Foot Syndrome* ; Paresthesia ; Capecitabine

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the re-challenge of S-1 or cisplatin in combination with docetaxel in metastatic gastric cancer (MGC) that had progressed on a cisplatin plus either S-1 or capecitabine regimen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with progressive disease after first-line cisplatin plus S-1 or capecitabine were randomized to receive 3-week cycles of docetaxel 75 mg/m² intravenously (IV) on D1 (D), docetaxel 60 mg/m² IV plus cisplatin 60 mg/m² IV on D1 (DC), or docetaxel 60 mg/m2 IV D1 plus oral S-1 30 mg/m² twice a day on D1-14 (DS). RESULTS: Seventy-two patients were randomized to the D (n=23), DC (n=24), or DS (n=25) group. The confirmed response rate was 4.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0% to 12.6%), 4.3% (95% CI, 0% to 12.6%), and 8.7% (95% CI, 0% to 20.2%) for the D, DC, and DS groups, respectively. Compared to the D arm, the DS arm had a better progression-free survival (2.7 months vs. 1.3 months, p=0.034) without any deterioration in safety or quality of life, whereas the DC arm had a similar progression-free survival (1.8 months vs. 1.3 months, p=0.804) and poorer overall survival (5.6 months vs. 10.0 months, p=0.035). CONCLUSION: A re-challenge with S-1, but not cisplatin, in combination with docetaxel has potential anticancer benefits over docetaxel alone in MGC with progression after prior cisplatin plus S-1 or capecitabine.
Antineoplastic Agents ; Arm ; Capecitabine* ; Cisplatin* ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Quality of Life ; Stomach Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: Capecitabine is an attractive oral chemotherapeutic agent that has a radiosensitizing effect and tumor-selectivity. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of preoperative chemoradiation therapy, when used with oral capecitabine, for locally advanced rectal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective phase II trial of preoperative chemoradiation for locally advanced adenocarcinomas of the lower two-thirds of the rectum was conducted. A radiation dose of 50 Gy over five weeks and a daily dose of 1650 mg/m2 capecitabine in two potions was administered during the entire course of radiation therapy. Surgery was performed with standardized total mesorectal excision four to six weeks after completion of the chemoradiation. RESULTS: Between January 2002 and September 2003, 61 patients were enrolled onto this prospective phase II trial. The pretreatment clinical stages were T3 in 64% (n=39), T4 in 36% (n=22) and N1-2 in 82% (n=50) of these patients. Fifty-six (92%) patients completed the chemoradiation as initially planned and a complete resection performed in 58 (95%). Down-staging was observed in 45 patients (74%) and a pathologic complete response in 6 (10%). Among the 37 patients with tumors located within 5 cm from the anal verge on colonoscopy, 27 (73%) underwent a sphincter-preserving procedure. No grade 3 and 4 proctitis or hematological toxicities were observed. CONCLUSION: Preoperative chemoradiation therapy with capecitabine achieved encouraging rates of tumor down-staging and sphincter preservation, with a low toxicity profile. This combined modality can be regarded as a safe and effective treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer.
Adenocarcinoma ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Colonoscopy ; Humans ; Proctitis ; Prospective Studies* ; Radiation-Sensitizing Agents ; Rectal Neoplasms* ; Rectum ; Capecitabine

PURPOSE: For decades, systemic medical treatment for colorectal cancer has been limited almost entirely to 5- fluorouracil (5-FU). In cases of advanced colorectal cancer, the response rate to standard 5-FU regimen was lower than 20%. Recently, new drugs that have another action mechanism have been introduced-irinotecan, oxaliplatin, raltitrexed, capecitabine, etc. Clinicians have to choose the appropriate drug for advanced cases. Until recently, choice of chemotherapeutic agents was based on the experience of clinicians, or on retrospective or prospective clinical trial reports. In this study, we performed HDRA (histoculture drug response assay) to assess the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents in colorectal cancer. METHODS: Tumor specimens of 33 colorectal cancers were collected in 15 ml tubes containing PBS buffer. Tissues were minced using an autoclaved knife and histocultured on collagen sponge gel matrix, followed by treatment with 5-FU, 5-FU & leucovorin, oxaliplatin, oxaliplatin & 5-FU, irinotecan, or irinotecan & 5-FU. After 48 hours, cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. The inhibition rate of each drug was calculated for relative survival. Cases of drug responsibility below 30% were regarded as drug resistant cases. RESULTS: Thirty cases were tested. Three cases had synchronous lesion. Thirty-three tissues were evaluated using HDRA. Seventeen cases (53.3%) were rectal cancer. The initial 6 cases were tested using a single agent the other 27 cases were tested using combined agents. The regimen showing the best responses was oxaliplatin with 5-FU (8/26 cases, 30.8%). Seven cases were regarded as chemoresistant cases because they showed low IR below 30% for all agents. Synchronous lesions showed similar drug responses. CONCLUSION: HDRA is relatively simple and easily applicable to in vitro study to determine the appropriate chemotherapeutic agents. Further study is necessary to assess the effectiveness including tumor recurrence and survival.
Capecitabine ; Cell Survival ; Collagen ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Fluorouracil ; Leucovorin ; Porifera ; Prospective Studies ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify clinical predictive factors for tumor response after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in rectal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 51 patients who underwent preoperative CRT followed by surgery between January 2005 and February 2012. Radiotherapy was delivered to the whole pelvis at a dose of 45 Gy in 25 fractions, followed by a boost of 5.4 Gy in 3 fractions to the primary tumor with 5 fractions per week. Three different chemotherapy regimens were used (5-fluorouracil and leucovorin, capecitabine, or tegafur/uracil). Tumor responses to preoperative CRT were assessed in terms of tumor downstaging and pathologic complete response (ypCR). Statistical analyses were performed to identify clinical factors associated with pathologic tumor response. RESULTS: Tumor downstaging was observed in 28 patients (54.9%), whereas ypCR was observed in 6 patients (11.8%). Multivariate analysis found that predictors of downstaging was pretreatment relative lymphocyte count (p = 0.023) and that none of clinical factors was significantly associated with ypCR. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment relative lymphocyte count (%) has a significant impact on the pathologic tumor response (tumor downstaging) after preoperative CRT for locally advanced rectal cancer. Enhancement of lymphocyte-mediated immune reactions may improve the effect of preoperative CRT for rectal cancer.
Chemoradiotherapy ; Deoxycytidine ; Fluorouracil ; Humans ; Leucovorin ; Lymphocyte Count ; Multivariate Analysis ; Pelvis ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Capecitabine