Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ievamlodipine besylate and felodipine for patients with mild and moderate essential hypertension. Methods One hundred and four eases with essential hypertension were divided randomly into two groups:levamlodipine besylate group and felodipine group. Treatment lasted for 4 weeks. Parameters of blood pressure were measured before and after treatment. Results There was no significant difference in responder rates between patients taking levamlodipin besylate(84.62%) and patients taking felodipine(80.77%)(P>0.05). The untoward reaction in patients taking levamlodipine besylate(7.69%) was lower than that in patients taking felodipine(17.31%)(P < 0.05). Conclusion Levamlodipine besylate has effective at lowering blood pressure and light untoward reaction.

Emerging pollutants are a class of environmental chemicals characterized by bioaccumulation, environmental persistence, and high toxicity. Their long-term accumulation poses severe threats to the environment and human health. In recent years, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology has enabled the analysis of transcriptomes at the single-cell level, revealing cellular heterogeneity and the complexity of intercellular communication. In toxicological studies, scRNA-seq technology has been applied to identify the responses of different cell types to pollutants and to elucidate the mechanisms of pollutant action during embryonic development, providing novel perspectives on the toxicity mechanisms of emerging pollutants. This paper reviewed the classification and characteristics of single-cell sequencing technologies and their applications in investigating the developmental toxicity of emerging pollutants, including perfluorinated and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), antibiotics, microplastics, phthalates, and bisphenols. It also discussed the limitations of current studies and proposed future research directions. Through methods such as cellular heterogeneity analysis and pseudotemporal chronological analysis, single-cell sequencing can explore and validate the specific toxicity mechanisms of emerging pollutants in embryonic development. However, challenges remain, including dataset bias, batch effects, and developmental differences between humans and model organisms. Future research should focus on optimizing data analysis methods, integrating multi-omics sequencing data, and exploring the use of human organoid models in toxicological studies. Such efforts will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the toxicity mechanisms and long-term health impacts of emerging pollutants, providing a theoretical basis for their stringent regulation and control.

Objective Chlorination is often used to disinfect recreational water in large amusement parks;however,the health hazards of chlorination disinfection by-products(DBPs)to occupational populations are unknown.This study aimed to assess the exposure status of chlorinated DBPs in recreational water and the health risks to employees of large amusement parks. Methods Exposure parameters of employees of three large amusement parks in Shanghai were investigated using a questionnaire.Seven typical chlorinated DBPs in recreational water and spray samples were quantified by gas chromatography,and the health risks to amusement park employees exposed to chlorinated DBPs were evaluated according to the WHO's risk assessment framework. Results Trichloroacetic acid,dibromochloromethane,bromodichloromethane,and dichloroacetic acid were detected predominantly in recreational water.The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of the five DBPs did not exceed the risk thresholds.In addition,the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of mixed exposure to DBPs were within the acceptable risk limits. Conclusion Typical DBPs were widely detected in recreational water collected from three large amusement parks in Shanghai;however,the health risks of DBPs and their mixtures were within acceptable limits.