The antimicrobial abuse has become an indisputable fact as well as a global public health concern.At the 2016 G20 summit in Hangzhou,the issue of antimicrobial resistance was also put on the agenda of world leaders.This paper analyzed the status quo of global antimicrobial resistance.With reference to the report Tackling drug-resistant infections globally: final report and recommendation written by British Lord Jim O′Nell published in May 2016,the main influencing factors of antimicrobial resistance were described.In addition,this paper proposed countermeasures for antimicrobial resistance,including carrying out large-scale promotional activities,improving global public health conditions,reducing antimicrobial use in agriculture,strengthening the global surveillance of antimicrobial resistance,developing new treatment products for infectious diseases,and building a new pattern of global response.

Objective To investigate effect of arterial embolization therapy in the mid-late pancreatic head carcinoma.Methods 13 cases with pancreatic head carcinoma were treated with superselective intra-arterial infusion of gemcitabine by superior pancreaticoduodenal artery followed by arterial embolization using sodium-iodinated oil and 200 mg gemcitabine.Clinical therapeutic effectiveness was evaluated by CT 4 weeks after treatment.Results The clinical symptoms of all patients had obvious improvement and the tumor's size was reduced.Conclusion The therapy of arterial embolization has good clinical effect for pancreatic head carcinoma,and it is one of the most effective therapy at present.

Objective To investigate the general rules and features of drug adverse reaction induced by Reduning injection inorder to provide reference for clinical rational administration.Methods The literatures about the advers reaction induced by Reduning injection published from 2008 -2014 in China were retrieved.The articles were analysed using literature metrology methods.Results 25 articles related to 282 individual cases were retrieved. The adverse reactions were related to sexuality and drug combination.Children were the high risk group.Incidence rate of the adverse reaction of boys was much higher than that of girls.Combination with antibacterials might increase the incidence rate of adverse reaction.The major clincal manifestation was the adverse reaction of dermal system (208 case)and anaphylactic response (36 case).Anaphylactic shock was the serious reaction in clinical (11 case). Conclusion Clinician and pharmacists should understand the rules and characteristic of adverse reaction caused by reduning injection.Using drug must according to the direction in clinical.It must pay more attention to medication mo-nitoring in order to reduce the occurrence of drug adverse reaction.

Objective To develop a nested-real-time PCR method for the detection of FOXP3 mRNA in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC).Methods The outer primers were designed by span intron,and the inner primers and TaqMan probe were designed according to the amplified sequence.During the nested real-time PCR,decrease primers concentration and cycle times were decreased in first PCR amplification to increase specific templates,then quantitative real-time fluorescence was detected in the second PCR amplification.The standard curve was created by FOXP3 and beta-actin recombined plasmid DNA respectively,and the results were presented as the ratios of FOXP3 mRNA to beta-actin mRNA.Results Total mean Ct(threshold cycle) in 6 tests was 14.66.The mean CV(coefficient of variation) was 5.81%.The standard curve showed a fine linear relationship between Ct and template concentration,and the correlation coefficient was 0.999.The sensitivity was 100 times higher than normal real-time PCR by reach 100 copy.Conclusions Nested-real-time-PCR for the detection of FOXP3 mRNA in human PBMC is a simple,repeatable,high specific and sensitive method to evaluate immune function and observe therapeutic effects in certain diseases for clinical routine application.

Anatomy and histology embryology are the major courses in basic medical sci-ence. According to the evaluated target,practice and reforms of constructing the quality course have been taken positively by intensifying teaching group,optimizing teaching content,innovating teaching methods,constructing laboratory,and strengthening teaching administration etc. As a con-sequence,satisfying result has been achieved.

The commercial gene test is a kind of detection service different from genetic diagnosis in medical institutions.There is no specific legislation on gene discrimination and genetic information security related to it.This paper adopted the method of comparative study to sort out the related legal issues of commercial gene test,and put forward the regulation ideas and scheme.

OBJECTIVETo observe treatment efficacy of acupuncture at different distal acupoints for acute lumbar sprain after massage.

METHODSOne hundred and fifty patients with acute lumbar sprain were randomly divided into a Yaotongdian (Extra) group, a Houxi (SI 3) group, a Weizhong (BL 40) group, a Chengshan (BL 57) group and a Shuigou (GV 26) group, total 5 groups, 30 cases in each one. After the same massage treatment and based on groups divided, different distal acupoints above-mentioned were selected to be acupunctured. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, lumbar activity and treatment efficacy of patients in 5 groups were evaluated.

RESULTSWith acupuncture at distal acupoints after massage,VAS scores of patients in 5 groups were decreased compared with those after massage treatment (all P<0.05); lumbar activity was all obviously improved (all P<0.01); and cured and markedly effective rates were all increased in comparison with those after massage (all P<0.01). But among 5 groups the differences of VAS scores, lumbar activity and cured and markedly effective rates were not statistically significant(all P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONBased on massage treatment, acupuncture at distal acupoints could further improve the treatment efficacy for acute lumbar sprain, but there is no obvious effective difference among every distal acupoint. As long as choosing acupoints with lower pain threshold and stimulating enough, good efficacy could be acquired for acute lumbar sprain.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Acute Disease ; therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbosacral Region ; injuries ; Male ; Massage ; Middle Aged ; Sprains and Strains ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Cerebral autosomal recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CARASIL) is an autosomal recessive hereditary cerebral artery disease in the adolescence,and its main clinical manifestations are dementia,stroke,low back pain and alopecia.At present,most cases are from Japan.3-6 exon point mutations in the HTRA1 gene are associated with the onset of CARASIL.Brain histopathological examination showed a small arterial intimal thickening medial smooth muscle cell loss and hyalinization.Brain MRI showed a diffuse white matter abnormal signal and multiple subcortical infarcts.The diagnosis mainly depends on the characteristic clinical symptoms,imaging characteristics and genetic testing.It should be differentiated from cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with sulcortical infarcts and leucoencephalopathy.

Respiratory tract infection remains a hot clinical topic.Disappointingly, routine microbiology tests do not meet the needs of target antimicrobial therapy.Widespread practice of antibiotic empiricism has lead to dramatic use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance.The application of new clinical microbiology tests to identify the offending pathogen may allow administration of narrow spectrum antibiotic therapy.To do so,the full clinical microbiology armamentarium with newer point-of-care tests and polymerase chain reaction tests must be exploited.The return of the sputum gram stain and introduction of newer molecular tests would provide information for judicious selection of antimicrobials.

This paper analyzed the procedure and organization for developing the clinical guidance by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence(NICE).Focusing on the balancer role of NICE in the UK healthcare system as a statutory criteria maker,it analyzed the implementation and assurance mechanism of the clinical guidance for policy recommendations to the making and effective implantation of such a guidance in China.