Objective To observe the effects of sulfentanil with various doses on the Bispectral index and Narcotrend index without nociceptive stimulus under the sevoflurane anesthesia.Methods Forty-eight ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients undergoing gynecological operations were randomly divided into four groups（n=12）.All patients were induced with sevoflurane,the end-tidal concentrations of sevoflurane in all groups were adjusted to 1.0 MAC after tracheal intubation. Fifteen minutes later,sufentanil was injected in groups of B,C,D with the doses of 0.25,0.5,1.0 μg/kg respectively. The observations were finished when the values of Bispectral index and the Narcotrend index reached the minimum over 5 min. The values of Bispectral index and the Narcotrend index were recorded every minutes after the sufentanil injection. Results Among all groups,the BIS,Narcotrend values and tmax produced no statistical difference. Compared with the time when conscious lost,BIS and Narcotrend values were significantly lower when sevoflurane anesthesia reached steady state in all groups. The values of BIS and Narcotrend were significant lower after the injection of sufentanil in the groups of B,C and D（P0.05）. Conclusion Under the sevoflurane anesthesia with the steady end-tidal concentration of 1.0MAC,sufentanil could reduce the values of BIS and Narcotrend index without nociceptive stimulus without distinction among different doses.

Objective To evaluate the changes in the expression of isolectin B4 (IB4) and calcium gene-related peptide (CGRP) in neurons in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of rats with neuropathic pain (NP).Methods Forty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 250-280 g,were divided into 2 groups (n =20 each) using a random number table method:solvent group (group S) and group NP.NP was induced by intraperitoneally injecting resiniferatoxin 210 μg/kg,and the solvent of resiniferatoxin was intraperitoneally injected in group S.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) were measured in 5 rats selected before establishing the model and at 1,3,7 and 42 days after establishing the model.Five rats were sacrificed at 1,3,7 and 42 days after establishing the model,and the L4-6 segments of the DRGs were removed to determine the expression of CGRP and IB4 in neurons using immunofluorescence.Results Compared with the baseline before establishing the model,the MWT was signilicantly decreased at 3,7 and 42 days after establishing the model,and the TWL was prolonged at 1,3,7 and 42 days after establishing the model in group NP (P＜0.05).Compared with group S,the MWT was significantly decreased at 3,7 and 42 days after establishing the model,the TWL was prolonged at 1,3,7 and 42 days after establishing the model,and the expression of IB4 and CGRP in neurons in DRGs was down-regulated at 1,3,7 and 42 days after establishing the model in group NP (P＜0.05).Conclusion Down-regulated expression of IB4 expression in neurons in DRGs may be involved in the development and maintenance of mechanical hypersensitivity to pain,and down-regulated expression of CGRP may be involved in the development and maintenance of thermal analgesia in rats with NP.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of gender factor on sufentanil-induced inhibition of responses to endotracheal intubation when combined with dexmedetomidine.Methods:American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients, aged 18-64 yr, with body mass index <30 kg/m 2, undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia requiring tracheal intubation, were divided into 2 groups according to gender: male group (group M) and female group (group F). Dexmedetomidine 0.4 μg/kg was intravenously infused over 5 min, and 10 min later propofol 3 μg/ml and sufentanil were given by target-controlled infusion.In the two groups, the initial target concentration of sufentanil was set at 0.35 ng/ml in the first case, the target concentration of sufentanil in the next case was determined according to whether responses to endotracheal intubation occurred, and the ratio between the two consecutive target concentrations was 1.2.The median effective concentration (EC 50) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of sufentanil inhibiting responses to endotracheal intubation were determined by Dixon′s up and down sequential trial. Results:There were 26 cases in group M and 28 cases in group F. The EC 50 (95% CI) of sufentanil was 0.264 0 (0.240 9-0.289 3) ng/ml in group M. The EC 50 (95% CI) of sufentanil was 0.158 9 (0.138 2-0.182 6) ng/ml in group F. The EC 50 of sufentanil was significantly lower in group F than in group M ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Gender-related differences exist in sufentanil-induced inhibition of responses to endotracheal intubation when combined with dexmedetomidine.