Objective To analize the relationship of imaging findings of lumbar disc herniation with the clinical efficacy after percutaneous lumbar diskectomy (PLD). Methods 52 patients were undergone PLD, includinog 40 cases of disk confined protrusion, 4 with calcification of posterior edge of the disc and posterior longitudinal ligament, 3 severe degeneration, 2 shown narrowing of the intervertebral space, 2 mild herniation and 1 obvious herniation. Results The total effective rate reached 84.6%, including markedly improved 50.0%, moderately improved 34.6% and no change in 15.4%. No complication occurred. Conclusions PLD is an efficient, safety method to treat the protrusion of lumbar intervertebral disc. Imaging is helpful for exploring the indication and evaluating efficacy of PLD.

OBJECTIVE　To determine the concentrations of dopamine (DA) in human urine,studying the change of uric dopamine content before and after laser acupuncture treated Parkinsons disease patients.To estabilsh attemptly the standard of apprasing the treatment method which is combined traditional medical theory with modern technology.METHODS　The urine samples were extracted with organic solvent and determined by HPLC-RF.RESULTS　A good correlation was obtained between dopamine over 20～400 ng*mL-1 and peak height,r=0.9996.The recoveries of DA were (89.69±3.95)%～(92.99±6.5)% for urine samples.There was a close correlation between DA content and the severity of parkinsons disease.The DA content in urine of patients before acupuncture was less than healthy ones.DA content in urine increased most at 4 h and content still maintained high as normal scope at 12 after acupuncture.CONCLUSION　This HPLC-RF assay was sensitive,accurate stable and convenient.It is an important method to evaluate the effects of treated Parkinsons disease by laser acupunctrue.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of clinical pharmacists on the community hypertension and coronary heart disease management.Methods: The clinical pharmacy service management program for community chronic disease patients was designed, and the medication files of the patients with hypertension and coronary heart disease were established, and then the medication safety cognition and chronic disease medication of the patients were investigated.Pharmaceutical interventions were given twice for the irrational drug use and living habits and the views of pharmacy were put forward.The improvement of medication compliance, pharmaceutical opinion acceptance and blood pressure etc was evaluated, and then the drug cost and the cost of health care products were analyzed and evaluated.Results: The medication and hypertension compliance increased, the patients were satisfied with the clinical pharmacy service, and the acceptance rate of pharmaceutical intervention opinions was improved significantly.The total cost of medication was without significant change, and the cost of health care products decreased significantly.Conclusion: It is an effective way to expand the impact of clinical pharmacy performed by clinical pharmacists on chronic disease medication management in communities, which can improve the rationality and safety of drug use in the patients with chronic diseases and has positive effects in promoting the management of community chronic diseases.

Tacrolimus (Tac) is a commonly used immunosuppressant after organ transplantation, which has high immunosuppressive efficacy. However, the pharmacokinetics of Tac significantly differ among individuals, and gene polymorphism is the main influencing factor. In recent years, the gene polymorphism of drug transporter has become a novel research hotspot. Nevertheless, the effect of the gene polymorphism of transporter on Tac pharmacokinetics remains controversial. Consequently, the correlation between the gene polymorphism of transporter and Tac blood concentration plays a significant role in guiding Tac-based individualized immunosuppressive therapy. In this article, the research progresses on the gene polymorphism of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporter and solute carrier (SLC) transporter in organ transplantation was reviewed. The correlation between the gene polymorphism of transporter and Tac blood concentration was summarized, aiming to provide reference for Tac-based individualized therapy.

Rejection has constantly been an unresolved challenge in the field of organ transplantation. The research on the mechanism of rejection plays a significant role in improving the efficacy of organ transplantation and enhancing the survival rate of graft. The innate and specific immune responses of the human body jointly participate in the graft rejection, leading to graft injury. In recent years, multiple researchers have conducted in-depth studies on the mechanism underlying the role of microRNA (miR) in regulating rejection. Among them, miR-155 has been widely considered as a key factor involved in immune regulation. The expression level and functional status of miR-155 may be intimately associated with the occurrence of rejection, which may become a new target for overcoming rejection. In this article, relevant studies on the role of miR-155 in regulating key immune cells in innate and specific immune responses were reviewed, aiming to provide novel ideas for the development of new immunosuppressants and rejection therapy.

The outbreak of COVID-19 has infected millions of people and caused hundreds of thousands of deaths worldwide. As there is no specific medicines or effective vaccines against 2019-nCoV at present, it is an alternative strategy to repurpose existing drugs for new diseases. Cyclosporin A inhibits the replication of coronaviruses by binding to cellular cyclophilins. Chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine can block virus-receptor binding through interfering with terminal glycosylation of the cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Trastuzumab prevents the binding of IL-6 to both sIL-6R and mIL-6R and thereby inhibits the cytokine storm syndrome induced by COVID-19. This paper discussed the potential anti-2019-nCoV effects of some common immunosuppressant including cyclosporine, chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine, and tocilizumab.

OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation between SLCO1B3 gene polymorphisms and early postoperative tacrolimus concentrations in renal transplant recipients. METHODS A total of 68 patients who underwent kidney transplantation in the First Hospital of Kunming were selected, tacrolimus plasma concentrations were monitored by chemoluminescence, CYP3A5*3, SLCO1B3 T334G and G699A gene polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction, and genotyping was performed to analyze the correlation between each genotype and tacrolimus plasma concentrations. RESULTS Different genotypes of CYP3A5*3 had significant effects on postoperative tacrolimus plasma concentration and standardized plasma concentration(P＜0.05), and different genotypes of SLCO1B3 T334G and G699A gene loci had no significant effect on postoperative tacrolimus plasma concentration and standardized plasma concentration. CONCLUSION Compared with CYP3A5*3/*3 genotype, CYP3A5*1 allele carriers need to reach the same tacrolimus concentration to increase tacrolimus dose. SLCO1B3 T334G and G699A gene polymorphisms has no effect on tacrolimus plasma concentration in the early stage after renal transplantation.

OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of Cefazolin sodium for injection， Cefuroxime sodium for injection， and Ceftazidime for injection from nationally organized centralized drug procurement （hereinafter referred to as “centralized procurement”） and non-centralized procurement in patients with bacterial infection. METHODS The case data of hospitalized patients who had used 3 kinds of Cephalosporins for injection from centralized procurement or non-centralized procurement in the treatment of bacterial infections were retrospectively collected from 19 medical institutions in Kunming from January 2020 to September 2022. After balancing the baseline differences between the groups with the propensity score matching method， the effectiveness and safety differences of 3 kinds of Cephalosporins for injection from centralized procurement or non- centralized procurement were compared respectively. RESULTS After balancing the baseline differences among the groups， 394 cases in each group of Cefazolin sodium for injection from centralized procurement or non-centralized procurement， 472 cases in each group of Cefuroxime sodium for injection from centralized procurement or non-centralized procurement， 504 cases in group of Ceftazidime for injection from centralized procurement and 590 cases in group of non-centralized procurement were included in the analysis. In terms of effectiveness， there were no significant differences in clinical response rate， 72 h response rate， bacterial clearance rate， and the recovery rate of body temperature， white blood cell count， neutrophil count， neutrophil percentage， C-reactive protein， procalcitonin recovery between the centralized procurement group and non-centralized procurement group of Cefazolin sodium for injection and Cefuroxime sodium for injection （P＞0.05）. The proportion of patients in centralized procurement group of Ceftazidime for injection with C-reactive protein restored to normal reference range was significantly higher than that in non-centralized procurement group （46.9% vs. 27.9%， P＜0.05）， but there were no statistically significant differences in other effectiveness indicators among groups （P＞0.05）. In terms of safety， there was no statistical difference in the incidence of adverse drug reactions between centralized procurement group and non-centralized procurement group of 3 kinds of Cephalosporins for injection （P＞0.05）； the incidence of platelet count reduction in centralized procurement group of Cefazolin sodium for injection was significantly higher than non-centralized procurement group （20.7% vs. 7.1%， P＜0.05）， the incidence of eosinophilia elevation in centralized procurement group of Ceftazidime for injection was significantly higher than non-centralized procurement group （5.3% vs. 1.9%， P＜0.05）. In addition， there was no statistically significant difference in the abnormal rates of other laboratory indicators among the three types of injection Cephalosporins （P＞ 0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy of 3 kinds of Cephalosporin for injection from centralized procurement is not inferior to non- centralized procurement varieties， and the safety is equivalent to that of non-centralized procurement varieties.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the accuracy of three individualized drug delivery tools， i.e. JPKD， SmartDose and NextDose， in predicting tacrolimus dose and blood concentration after kidney transplantation， and analyze the influential factors of prediction accuracy. METHODS The clinical data of adult hospitalized patients treated with tacrolimus after kidney transplantation from January 2021 to June 2023 were retrospectively collected. Three individualized dosing tools， i.e. JPKD， SmartDose and NextDose， were used to predict the dose and plasma concentration of tacrolimus. The absolute prediction error （APE） and prediction error （PE） between the measured value and the predicted value， and prediction success rate were calculated （APE＜30% indicating a good forecast）. Pearson assay or Spearman assay was used to analyze the correlation between the predicted dosage and actual dosage， as well as the predicted and measured blood concentration values using three software； univariate analysis was used to investigate the influential factors for prediction accuracy of JPKD， SmartDose and NextDose. RESULTS A total of 110 hospitalized patients were included in this study， and tacrolimus doses and plasma concentrations were monitored. The predicted doses of JPKD， SmartDose and NextDose were （2.0±0.7）， （2.7±1.9）， （1.8±0.8） mg， their measured value was （1.9±0.6） mg， and the correlation coefficients between the predicted values and the measured value were 0.841， 0.450， 0.247 （P＜0.001）； the median APEs were 6.00%， 52.07% and 30.40%， and the median PEs were 5.00%， 18.50% and －3.50%； the prediction success rates were 98.45%， 30.05% and 49.22%. The predicted values of tacrolimus concentrations using JPKD， SmartDose， NextDose were （6.74±3.36）， （6.93±5.02）， 9.00（5.80±12.60） ng/mL， the measured value was 8.64（7.11，9.77） ng/mL， and the correlation coefficients between the predicted values and the measured value were 0.997 （P＜0.001）， －0.066 （P＝0.360）， 0.920 （P＜0.001）. The median APEs were 5.54%， 45.91% and 35.56%， and PEs were －4.94% （median）， －17.050% （median） and 36.93% （average value）； the prediction success rates were 97.93%， 32.64% and 37.31%. Univariate analysis showed that the dosage， blood concentration， body weight， transplantation time and others were related to the prediction accuracy （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The good prediction rates of tacrolimus dose and blood concentration in kidney transplant patients using three personalized drug delivery tools， from high to low， are JPKD， NextDose， and SmartDose， suggesting that JPKD can be prioritized in clinical use.