Objective To summarize the methods of diagnosing and treating solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm of pancreas SPN so as to provide reference for its early clinical diagnosis.Methods We collected the clinical data of 62 patients with pathologically confirmed diagnosis of SPN treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University between Feb.2004 and Sep.2014.Then we retroactively analyzed and summarized the clinical characteristics,diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Results Among the 62 patients,55 were female and 7 were male;the mean age was (31.58±12.67) years old.The clinical features showed no specificity and the tumor was mostly detected upon physical check-up.The tumor was seen to be located mostly in the body and tail of the pancreas,and the average maximum diameter was (7.81±3.54)cm.We did not find obvious abnormality in routine pre-operative blood test results or liver and kidney functions.The imageological examination indicated tumor occupation in the pancreas.All the patients underwent surgical resection with no complications or death and had a good recovery after operation.Pathological diagnosis after operation was SPN without metastasis in lymph modes.Until the last time we followed up all the patients,we found relapse in two patients (3.2％).Conclusion SPN is a tumor that tends to affect young and middle-aged females.The malignancy grade of SPN is low,and patients with this disease show no specificity in clinical manifestation.The imageological examination is of vital importance in diagnosing SPN and surgical resection is an effective way to treat SPN.

Objective To investigate the relationship between MRI signal,pathological changes and neurological function after sciatic nerve injury in rabbits.Methods Twenty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly and evenly divided into 5 groups,and the right sciatic nerve crush models were established.T2 fat suppression fast recovery spin echo (T2 fs FRFSE) sequence scanning was performed 3 days,7 days,2 weeks,3 weeks and 4 weeks after injury,and TE was set as 30,60 and 90 ms,respectively.Signal intensity ratio (SIR) and relative signal intensity (△S) of proximal and distal part of injured nerve and control side nerve were measured.The relationship between SIR,△S,pathology and rabbit lower limb nerve function were analyzed.Results In the distal part of injured nerve,SIR and △S increased 3-7 days after injury,pathological results showed vacuolar degeneration,and basic toe function lost was found.SIR and △S reached the peak 2 weeks after injury,with most serious disintegration of myelin and toe function disable.SIR,△S and toe function disable gradually recovered,and the nerve regenerated at 3-4 weeks after injury.The injure display rate of T2 fs FRFSE images with TE=90 and 60 ms,SIR of both distal and proximal part of injured nerve were higher than those on images with TE=30 ms (all P＜0.05).Conclusion SIR and △S changes on T2 fs FRFSE imaging can be used to predict rabbit nerve injury.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of Allicin on the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons induced by lead in rats.Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 3 weeks were randomly divided into 6 groups,10 rats in each group,which were low dose group(A-L),medium-dose group(A-M) and high dose (A-H) Allicin group and lead exposure group (Pb group),dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) group and blank control group.The blank control group animals were treated with ultrapure water,and the other 5 groups received 1.0 g/L lead acetate aqueous solution instead of ultrapure water after 20 days and they were treated them with compounds by oral gavage.The doses of Allicin in group A-L,A-M group and A-H group were 2.7 mg/kg and 5.4 mg/kg,and 10.8 mg/kg,respectively.The DMSA dose was 10.8 mg/kg,and the Pb group was given 9 g/L saline.After the model was established,the rats were sacrificed to collect whole blood and hippocampus.Blood lead and tissue lead concentrations were measured,and the level of apoptosis in hippocampus was observed by TUNEL staining.The levels of cysteine-containing aspartate-specific proteases (caspase)-3,caspase-9,poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase (PARP) mRNA and caspase-3,caspase-9,PARP activated protein and cytochromes C distribution in the hippocampus cells were detected by using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR),Western blot,and immunofluorescence staining.Results (1) Lead levels in the blood lead and hippocampus of rats in A-L group,A-M group and A-H group [(190.54±11.33) μg/L,(0.28 ±0.03) μg/L;(159.55 ±16.94) μg/L,(0.22 ±0.06) μg/L;(l16.62 ±8.85) μg/L,(0.19 ±0.01) μg/L] were lower than those in Pb group [(271.34 ±21.23) μg/L,(0.31 ±0.04) μg/L],and there were significant differences (all P ＜ 0.05).The blood lead and hippocampal lead levels in the DMSA group [(50.12 ± 7.44) μg/L,(0.15 ± 0.03) μg/L] were lower than those in the A-L group,A-M group and A-H group.(2) The results of TUNEL staining showed that the apoptosis levels of hippocampus in A-L group,A-M group and A-H group were lower than that in Pb group [(2.81 ±0.17)％,(2.08 ±0.28)％,(1.33 ±0.08)％ vs.(4.23 ±0.17)％],and there were significant differences (all P ＜ 0.05);the apoptosis level of hippocampus in the DMSA group [(2.63 ± 0.32) ％] was higher than that in the A-M group and the A-H group,which was lower than that in the Pb group.(3) qPCR results showed that the levels of caspase-3,caspase-9 and PARP mRNA in A-H group were down-regulated compared with Pb group (1.07 ± 0.05,1.02 ± 0.02,1.11 ± 0.02 vs.1.34 ± 0.02,1.26 ±0.05,1.93 ± 0.07).The differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The expression levels of caspase-3 and PARP mRNA in A-L group and A-M group were down-regulated (1.21 ± 0.05,1.43 ± 0.12,1.16 ± 0.02,1.20 ± 0.06 vs.1.34 ± 0.02,1.93 ± 0.07),and there were significant differences (all P ＜ 0.05),and there was no significant change in caspase-9 mRNA;the mRNA levels of caspase-3,caspase-9 and PARP in A-H group (1.07 ± 0.05,1.02 ± 0.02,1.11 ± 0.02) were lower than those in DMSA group (1.14 ± 0.02,1.15 ± 0.08,1.32 ±0.05).(4) Western blot results:compared with Pb group,the expression levels of activated caspase-3,caspase-9 and PARP protein in A-H group were down-regulated (A-H group:0.44 ± 0.15,0.58 ± 0.25 and 0.31 ±0.19,0.23 ±0.07 vs.Pb group:0.69 ±0.13,0.72 ±0.22 and 0.55 ±0.21,0.43 ±0.10),the expression of activated caspase-9 protein in A-M group was lower than that in Pb group (A-M group:0.59 ±0.18 vs.Pb group:0.72 ± 0.22),and there were significant differences (all P ＜ 0.05);the expression of activated caspase-3 and RARP protein in A-H group was lower than that in DMSA group.(5) Fluorescence staining showed that the expression of cytochrome C in cytoplasm of A-L group,A-M group and A-H group were significantly lower than that of Pb group and DMSA group.Conclusion Allicin can inhibit the apoptosis of hippocampus cells in rats with lead poisoning through mitochondrial pathway.The effect of Allicin on apoptosis inhibition may be better than DMSA.

Objective To evaluate the opening level and optimal time window of the blood-brain barrier induced by adenosine A2 receptor agonist ( Lexiscan) via dynamic enhanced MRI. Methods Twen-ty New Zealand white rabbits were divided into experiment group ( group A, n=10) and control group ( group B, n=10) . Rabbits in group A were injected with Lexiscan and rabbits in group B were injected with physiological salt via ear vein, then the coronary scanning was performed. Contrast enhanced MRI was performed at different time points ( 5, 10, 15, 20 min, and then every 10 min, until 2 h) following the in-fusion of Gd-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA). The signal intensity (SI) of region of interest ( ROI) was measured and the percent enhancement of SI was calculated. Evens blue staining results in brain tissues were observed. Pair t test was used to analyze the data. Results The percent enhancement of SI in group A significantly increased to (40. 93±3.70)％ at 5 min, reached the maximum of (43.03±3.62)％ at 30 min, slowly decreased until 50 min, and got to a stable level at almost 80 min. At each time point, the per-cent enhancement of SI in group A was significantly higher than that in group B ( t values:6.88-20.28, all P<0. 05) . The staining was evident in group A. Conclusions Lexiscan can open blood-brain barrier tem-porarily and reversibly, and the optimal opening time window is 10-50 min post-injection.

Based on introducing the total price adjustments in pilot cities and analyzing the existing problems,it further analyzes the objectives of the total price adjustment allocation of medical service items,the characteristics of various types of medical service items and the possible impact of price adjustment,concludes that the priority of the total price adjustment allocation should be as follows:new items,special tasks,complex items,general items,and medical services for special needs.It also combines the practical experience of the pilot cities to establish the total price adjustment allocation mechanism,and provides opinions on the total price adjustment allocation before the dynamic adjustment of medical service prices in the future.

Based on introducing the total price adjustments in pilot cities and analyzing the existing problems,it further analyzes the objectives of the total price adjustment allocation of medical service items,the characteristics of various types of medical service items and the possible impact of price adjustment,concludes that the priority of the total price adjustment allocation should be as follows:new items,special tasks,complex items,general items,and medical services for special needs.It also combines the practical experience of the pilot cities to establish the total price adjustment allocation mechanism,and provides opinions on the total price adjustment allocation before the dynamic adjustment of medical service prices in the future.

Based on introducing the total price adjustments in pilot cities and analyzing the existing problems,it further analyzes the objectives of the total price adjustment allocation of medical service items,the characteristics of various types of medical service items and the possible impact of price adjustment,concludes that the priority of the total price adjustment allocation should be as follows:new items,special tasks,complex items,general items,and medical services for special needs.It also combines the practical experience of the pilot cities to establish the total price adjustment allocation mechanism,and provides opinions on the total price adjustment allocation before the dynamic adjustment of medical service prices in the future.

Based on introducing the total price adjustments in pilot cities and analyzing the existing problems,it further analyzes the objectives of the total price adjustment allocation of medical service items,the characteristics of various types of medical service items and the possible impact of price adjustment,concludes that the priority of the total price adjustment allocation should be as follows:new items,special tasks,complex items,general items,and medical services for special needs.It also combines the practical experience of the pilot cities to establish the total price adjustment allocation mechanism,and provides opinions on the total price adjustment allocation before the dynamic adjustment of medical service prices in the future.

Based on introducing the total price adjustments in pilot cities and analyzing the existing problems,it further analyzes the objectives of the total price adjustment allocation of medical service items,the characteristics of various types of medical service items and the possible impact of price adjustment,concludes that the priority of the total price adjustment allocation should be as follows:new items,special tasks,complex items,general items,and medical services for special needs.It also combines the practical experience of the pilot cities to establish the total price adjustment allocation mechanism,and provides opinions on the total price adjustment allocation before the dynamic adjustment of medical service prices in the future.

Based on introducing the total price adjustments in pilot cities and analyzing the existing problems,it further analyzes the objectives of the total price adjustment allocation of medical service items,the characteristics of various types of medical service items and the possible impact of price adjustment,concludes that the priority of the total price adjustment allocation should be as follows:new items,special tasks,complex items,general items,and medical services for special needs.It also combines the practical experience of the pilot cities to establish the total price adjustment allocation mechanism,and provides opinions on the total price adjustment allocation before the dynamic adjustment of medical service prices in the future.