BACKGROUND: Dental porcelain crown containing Ni-Cr alloy has been widely used in modern dentistry. The dispute of its safety is limited in oral cavity and neighbor tissues, however, the relevance between Ni-Cr alloy and systemic disease, such as nephridium toxicosis, are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the possibility of Ni-Cr porcelain crown resulted nephropathy and to explore its long-term clinical safety.METHODS: Databases of VIP, CNKI, Wanfang, CBMdisc, Biosis Previews and BioOne were researched by computer with key words of "nickle chromium alloy, porcelain crown, nephridium toxicosis" both in Chinese and English. Literatures concerning Ni-Cr porcelain crown and toxicity of related metal ion were included, repetitive research was excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: By consulting literatures, the possibility of erosion and release of heavy metal ion lead to nephridium toxicosis were analyzed with following aspects: effects of Ni-Cr alloy corrosivity and its accumulation on oral cavity or systemic disease; direct toxicity of released metal ions from Ni-Cr alloy and susceptivity of nephridium toxicosis; and the possible ways for renal damage resulted by Ni-Cr ion. This study can provide a basis for the further research concerning security of dental porcelain crown containing Ni-Cr alloy.

Objective To summarize the methods of diagnosing and treating solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm of pancreas SPN so as to provide reference for its early clinical diagnosis.Methods We collected the clinical data of 62 patients with pathologically confirmed diagnosis of SPN treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University between Feb.2004 and Sep.2014.Then we retroactively analyzed and summarized the clinical characteristics,diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Results Among the 62 patients,55 were female and 7 were male;the mean age was (31.58±12.67) years old.The clinical features showed no specificity and the tumor was mostly detected upon physical check-up.The tumor was seen to be located mostly in the body and tail of the pancreas,and the average maximum diameter was (7.81±3.54)cm.We did not find obvious abnormality in routine pre-operative blood test results or liver and kidney functions.The imageological examination indicated tumor occupation in the pancreas.All the patients underwent surgical resection with no complications or death and had a good recovery after operation.Pathological diagnosis after operation was SPN without metastasis in lymph modes.Until the last time we followed up all the patients,we found relapse in two patients (3.2％).Conclusion SPN is a tumor that tends to affect young and middle-aged females.The malignancy grade of SPN is low,and patients with this disease show no specificity in clinical manifestation.The imageological examination is of vital importance in diagnosing SPN and surgical resection is an effective way to treat SPN.

Objective:To explore the value of problem-originated clinical medical curriculum (PCMC) and problem-based learning (PBL) in obstetric nursing teaching.Methods:A total of 80 rotary nursing interns from the Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University between July 2018 and June 2019 were selected as the research subjects, and were divided into observation group (40 cases, taking PCMC and PBL teaching method) and control group (40 cases, taking traditional teaching). The periodic assessment results of interns, theoretical results and operational results of the out-department examination, nursing-mini-clinical evaluation exercise (Nursing-Mini-CEX) and students' evaluation of teaching work were compared after departure from the department. SPSS 21.0 was used for t test and chi-square test. Results:①After intervention, the theoretical results of term interpretation, judgment question, fill-in-blank question and case analysis question were higher in observation group than those in control group ( P<0.05). ② After intervention, the scores of operational assessment results such as clothing, operational purpose, supplies preparation, evaluation, operational process, precautions and health education in observation group were higher compared with those in control group ( P<0.05). ③After intervention, the scores of eight dimensions such as nurse-patient communication, nursing skills, humanitarian spirit, counseling and patient teaching skill, nursing observation, organizational effectiveness, record reporting and overall competence were higher in observation group than those in control group ( P<0.05). ④The teaching evaluation (in addition to theoretical practical learning ability and comprehensive quality) of interns in observation group after intervention was higher than that of interns in control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The implementation of PCMC and PBL teaching method can significantly improve the clinical comprehensive abilities and teaching evaluation of nursing interns, and it is helpful to guide the clinical improvement of teaching model.

Objective:To explore the effect of mini-clinical evaluation exercise (Mini-CEX) combined with simulation teaching + case-based learning (CBL) in pediatric clinical teaching.Methods:A total of 60 medical students who practiced in Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College from August 2019 to August 2020 were selected as the research objects. According to different teaching methods, they were divided into control group ( n=30) and observation group ( n=30). The control group received traditional teaching, and the observation group received Mini-CEX combined with simulated teaching + CBL. The assessment results, comprehensive ability of medical interview, critical thinking ability and teaching satisfaction of the two groups were compared. SPSS 20.0 was performed for t-test and Chi-square test. Results:The test scores and total scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05). After teaching, the Mini-CEX scores, the CTDI-CV (critical thinking disposition inventory Chinese version) scores and the total scores of the two groups increased significantly, and the above scores were significantly higher in the observation group than the control group ( P<0.05). The scores of the teaching program satisfaction questionnaire in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The application of Mini-CEX combined with simulation teaching + CBL in pediatric clinical teaching can help to cultivate the medical interview ability, clinical practice ability and critical thinking ability of interns, improve the examination results, and improve the teaching satisfaction.