Objective To summarize the sonographic characteristics of parathyroid adenomas(PAs) and investigate the diagnostic values and best diagnostic thinking for an early detection. Methods Sixteen cases finally proved with PAs were retrospectively analyzed of their clinical complaints, the department for their initial consultation,indicative ultrasound findings for neck scanning, major manifestations of PAs on a series of three-mode ultrasound imagings,association of adenoma sizes to serum parathyroid hormone(PTH) levels. Results On multimode ultrasound images, the PAs were multidisciplinary morphologic, homogenously hypoeehoic,absent of calculus and necrosis,highly vascularized with color signals,and similar to thyroid in contrast agents perfusion. Serum PTH levels were elevated in accordance with increase of adenomas' size. Among the 16 cases 12 were defined as with parathyroid incidentalomas, to which liver or/ and kidney stones were contributed as indicatives. Conclusions High frequency ultrasound with multiple imaging modes are most suitable for scanning and detection of neck PAs. For those with stones in liver and urinary tracts, unknown bone fracture etc, ultrasound scanning of the neck parathyroids used to reveal latent PAs.

BACKGROUND:Epidural scar after laminectomy is one important reason for the secondary spinal stenosis, and local application ofSanqi sodium hyaluronate gel can prevent epidural scar adhesion after laminectomy. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects ofSanqisodium hyaluronate gel on α-smooth muscle actin expression in the process of rabbit's epidural scar formation. METHODS: In this study, there were ninety-six rabbits which were randomized into four groups and given 0.5 mL normal saline, 0.5 mLSanqi concentrated solution, 0.5 mL sodium hyaluronate and 0.5 mLSanqisodium hyaluronate gel around the dura. At 1, 2, 4, 8 weeks after treatment, immunohistochemistry staining was employed for analysis of α-smooth muscle actin expression. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At the end of weeks 1 and 2, the expression of α-smooth muscle actin antibody in the normal saline group was significantly higher than that in the other three groups (P < 0.01 orP < 0.05), but there were no significant differences among the Sanqi, sodium hyaluronate andSanqisodium hyaluronate gel groups (P> 0.05). At weeks 4 and 8, the expression of α-smooth muscle actin antibody in theSanqi sodium hyaluronate gel group was significantly lower than that in the other three groups (P < 0.01 orP < 0.05), and there was no significant difference among the latter three groups (P > 0.05). These findings suggest thatSanqi sodium hyaluronate gel can inhibit the expression of α-smooth muscle actin, and thus ease scar contracture.

A series of 4-phenyl-pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized through modifying the structure of the lead compound ruxolitinib by molecular hybridization strategy.It was synthesized from pyrimidine-4,6-diol by Vilsmeier-Haack reaction,SNAr reaction,cyclized,dehydration,Suzuki coupling and finally acylated to give 12 new compounds(12a-121).All structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR,13C NMR,and HRMS analysis.The biological activities were evaluated in vitro.Their JAK2 inhibitory activities were studied using JAK2 enzymatic and TF1-GMCSF cellular assays.The results indicated that compounds 12b,12e and 12h showed moderate activity.The anti-tumor activities were studied against JAK2-independent A549 cell line by the MTT assay.Results showed that the tide compounds exhibited potent antiproliferative effect on A549,especially compound 12c(IC50 =0.12 μmol/L),suggesting that this series compounds might be promising anti-tumor agents for futher investigation.

Objective To develop a new system of computer-aided design(CAD) for individual metacarpophalangeal joint prosthesis based on rapid prototyping technique. Methods A hand of cadaver was scanned with PLUS-4 spiral computed tomography (CT).Then the transaxial 2D image data of digitus metacarpophalangeal joint were reconstructed into 3D digitized contour data by 3DMSR that was designed by ourselves. Then,the intramedullary stem was designed in software of Surface 9.0. Results The 3D contour image of metacarpophalangeal joint presented was reconstructed by 3DMSR and edited by Surface 9.0 easily for CAD of individual metacarpophalangeal joint.The intramedullary cavity was like choanoid. The intramedullary stem longitude of articular head and fossa were 47.31 and 35.20 mm.The intramedullary stem fit cavity.The model fit anatomical shape. Conclusion The 3D contour image of metacarpophalangeal joint can be obtained by spiral CT scanning,and the digitized data can be applied directly to CAD of individual artificial joint and subsequently rapid prototyping fabricating.In addition,the reconstruction method is simple and can be applied widely to clinical implant fabricating practice of orthopaedics.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of Alberta stroke program early CT score on diffusion-w eighted imaging (DWI-ASPECTS) for predicting new cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in patients w ith acute middle cerebral artery infarction. Methods The patients w ith acute middle cerebra artery infarction w ere enroled prospectively. MRI examinations w ere completed w ithin 48 h on admission and they w ere examined again at 10 to 14 d after onset. Susceptibility-w eighted imaging (SWI) w as use to detect
CMBs. DWI-ASPECTS w as used to assess the infarction extent. Results A total of 82 patients w ith acute middle cerebra artery infarction w ere enroled, including 27 females and 55 females. Their ages w ere 71.7 ± 8.9 years. Eighteen patients (22.0%) had old CMBs, 25 (30.5%) had new CMBs, 57 (69.5%) did not have new CMBs. Compared w ith the non-new CMB group, DWI-SPECTS (3.20 ±1.73 vs.7.11 ±1.69;t = 9.573, P <0.001) w as low er, NIHSS scores (16.20 ±4.06 vs.12.63 ±5.06; t = 3.111, P = 0.003) w ere higher, there w ere more patients w ith atrial fibrilation ( 40.0% vs.15.8%; χ2 = 5.722, P = 0.017), proportion of intensive antiplatelet therapy ( 0% vs.28.1%; P = 0.002) w as low er, there w ere more large artery atherosclerosis type ( 60.0% vs.29.8%; χ2 = 6.650, P = 0.010 ), more cardiogenic cerebral embolism type (36.0% vs.5.3%; P = 0.001), and less smal artery occlusion type ( 0% vs.57.9%; P <0.001) in the new CMB group, and there w ere no statistical differences in the other indexes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis show ed that after adjusting age, sex, alcohol, histories of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, atrial fibrilation and previous stroke or transient ischemic attack history, the higher the DWI-ASPECT scores ( > 5), the risk of new CMBs w ould decrease 86 % (odds ratio 0.14, 95%confidence interval 0.17 -0.48; P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis show ed that the sensitivity of prediction of DWI-ASPECTS ≤5 for the new CMBs w as 87.7%, specificity w as 88.3%, and the area under the curve w as 0.940. Conclusions DWI-ASPECTS can effectively predict the new CMBs in patients w ith acute middle cerebra artery infarction.

Based on the research of plant taxonomy and botanical investigation, microscopic characteristics of the root, stem, leaf transverse section and powder of Atropa belladonna were studied for identification of the herb. The research detailed and made clear to the description identification and microscopic characteristics of officinal parts of the herbs. The work provided reference for the identification of A. belladonna herbs and pieces of work in the future, as well as a theoretical basis for the further research, development, medicinal use and the upgrading of quality standards.
Atropa belladonna ; anatomy & histology ; cytology ; Microscopy ; methods ; Plant Epidermis ; anatomy & histology ; cytology ; Plant Leaves ; anatomy & histology ; cytology ; Plant Roots ; anatomy & histology ; cytology ; Plant Stems ; anatomy & histology ; cytology ; Plant Stomata ; anatomy & histology ; cytology ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; cytology

Human Interleukin-11 (hIL-11) is a multifunctional cytokine which plays an important role in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of cells in the hematopoeitic,lymphoid system etc. To obtain the IL-1 1 cDNA, a primary culture of Chinese fetal lung fibroblast was prepared from fresh tissue. Then the human IL-11 cDNA without the N-terminal signal peptide sequence was cloned by RT-PCR from the cells induced by PMA. The sequnce indicated that there are three bases different from those previously reported,but with no change of the amino acids. The cDNA was inserted into the 3′ end of trxcA gene in thioredoxin gene fusion expression system pTRXFUS to construct the trxA and hIL-1 1 fusion expression vector, and expressed in E. coli. The fusion hIL-11 accounts for more than 20 % of the total bacteria proteins.The expression product is present in soluble forms and has the full biological and immunological activities.

Objective To explore the molecular mechanisms of primary amenorrhea by using arrayCGH technology. Methods Ten patients with primary amenorrhea and 10 female volunteers with regular menstrual cycles as healthy controls were selected. All patients and control samples were analyzed by conventional chromosome analysis (G-banding technology) and array-CGH technology, respectively. ArrayCGH was performed using Affymetrix Cytogenetic 2. 7M arrays following the manufacturer's standard protocol. Results Both the patient group and control group analyzed by conventional G-banding karyotype technology showed a negative result with a normal female karyotype: 46, XX. The result of array-CGH analysis demonstrated a microdeletion of approximately 110 000 bp located at the end of the short arm of X chromosome [46, X, del (X) (p22. 33 )] were identified in 5 patients, which was not detected in the control group. All healthy control samples by array-CGH analysis showed no pathological DNA copy number variation. Conclusions Array-CGH technology can improve the diagnosis rate of chromosomal disease at the DNA level. It is necessary to provide array-CGH for higher resolution genetic analysis of idiopathic primary amenorrhea patient who can not be identified by conventional technology.

Objective To establish a treatment proposal of thyroid adenoma by using percutaneous radiofrequency ablation(RFA) and investigate its techniques and skills, means and steps, and safety and efficacy. Methods Contrast-enhanced ultrasound-guided percutaneous RFA of thyroid adenomas were conducted on 202 patients by using an auto-controlled bi-polar electrode system. The indications of thyroid RFA,the optimal puncture route,the ways of anesthesia administration, protection of vital neck vessels and recurrent laryngeal nerve(RLN) and reduction of bleeding from core biopsy, indicators of ending ablation procedure following a complete ablation were investigated and analyzed. Resalts An adenoma smaller than 20 mm in maximal diameter was the optimal candidate for RFA. Either of two puncture routes could be selected upon the target lesion's location. Areas surrounding to the thyroid capsule needed adequate local anesthesia to kill pain. Liquid-isolating maneuver could effectively protect carotid artery and RLN from core needle cutting and electrode heating injury. Advanced block of supplying arteries with heating markedly reduced bleeding involved in the biopsy. Multipoint and multicenter ablation was essential to a complete coagulation. Filling-defect in the ablated adenoma on CEUS was the key sign to terminate ablation procedure. Conclusions Percutaneous bi-polar RFA was proved feasible, effective, safe and supermicroinvasive for treating thyroid adenoma under the way stated here of puncture and technical points and use of CEUS for monitoring.

Objective To study the possibility of the plasma level of heat shock protein 70(HSP70) being used as a bi-ological marker of military stress .Methods Soldiers who returned from a 6-month-navigation were chosen as subjects , the HSP70 level of plasma was measured with the ELISA assay and stress questionnaires and Self -rated Health Measurement Scale (SRHMS) were used to measure the stress level .Results The soldiers′plasma level of HSP70 was 31.40%higher than that of the control .The stress questionnaire indicatesd that the level of thinking and anxiety , negative mood and somat-ic symptoms were higher than normal .The SRHMS indicated that the level of physiological health ,mental health and social health was lower than normal .The plasma level of HSP70 was associated with the level of military stress .Conclusion The plasma level of HSP70 may be used as an important predictor of military stress .It can predict the level of military stress injury.