OBJECTIVETo observe the preemptive analgesic effect of flurbiprofen axetil for post-operative pain relief.

METHODSSixty ASA class I or II patients undergoing postburn plastic surgery were randomly assigned into two groups to receive intravenous administration of 100 mg flurbiprofen axetil (group F, n=30) and 10 ml intravenous saline (group C, n=30) 30 min before surgery. After the operation, all the patients received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with tramadol for pain relief. The postoperative analgesic effect was assessed by visual analog scales (VAS) at 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after surgery, with tramadol requirements and the adverse effects were recorded.

RESULTAt 1, 2, 4, and 8 h after the operation, the patients in group F showed significantly lowered VAS scores as compared with the patients in group C (P<0.05). The requirement of tramadol was also significantly less in group F than in group C (182.9-/+37.4 vs 227.3-/+49.8 mg, P<0.05). No significant difference was found in the adverse effects between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONFlurbiprofen axetil can produce preemptive analgesia and reduce the tramadol dose during postoperative PCIA in patients undergoing postburn plastic operations.

Adult ; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled ; methods ; Analgesics, Opioid ; therapeutic use ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; therapeutic use ; Burns ; surgery ; Female ; Flurbiprofen ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain, Postoperative ; prevention & control ; Surgery, Plastic ; Time Factors ; Tramadol ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the differences in the clinical symptoms and magnetic resonance imaging (MPd) findings of the spinal cord lesions between patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and multiple sclerosis (MS) and explore the mechanisms that result in these differences. Methods The clinical symptoms and MRI findings of the spinal cord were retrospectively analyzed in 21 MS patients and 23 NMO patients admitted in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from January, 2004 to January, 2007. Results Female patients were more frequently affected by NMO, and the NMO patients had a older mean age at onset with higher Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score than the MS patients. Chi-square test showed significant differences in the rotes of bilateral deep sensory dysfunction, zonesthesia, and sphincter disturbance between the NMO and MS patients (P<0.05). The majority of these clinical symptoms were found to result form corresponding spinal cord lesions defined by MRI. Conclusion NMO is a demyelinating disease that represents an independent clinical entity from MS, and has special mechanisms responsible for its characteristic clinical symptoms and MRI findings of the spinal cord.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of combined preoperative chemotherapy with radiotherapy on locally advanced lower rectal carcinoma.

METHODSThirty- five patients with locally advanced lower rectal carcinoma were received a new regimen of combined preoperative chemotherapy with radiotherapy. Routine fr action of radiation was given with total dose of 46 Gy,2 Gy per fraction,five ti mes a week. Patients received oxaliplatin 130 mg/m(2) (infusion) on day 1, plus leu novorin 200 mg/m(2) and 5- FU 500 mg/m(2)(intravenous bolus) from day 1 to day 3 eve ry 3 weeks for total two cycles before irradiation. Operation was performed 4 to 6 weeks later after neoadjuvant therapy.

RESULTSAfter neoadjuvant therapy,all patients underwent surgical resection with complete pathologic response in 7 patients,average tumor size decrease of in 34.4%, tumor stage decrease in 65.7% o f patients and nodal- negative change rate of 55.6%. Radical resection was per formed in 34 patients,in whom 18 patients received abdominoperineal resection(AP R) and 16 patients received sphincter- preserving surgery with 45.7% of anal preservation rate. One patient received palliative resection. No local recurrence occurred in all patients who received radical resection,but two cases had liver metastasis.

CONCLUSIONCombined preoperative chemotherapy with radiotherapy is a better neoadjuvant therapy for lower advanced rectal cancer,which can decrease tumor stage,improve resectability and anal sphincter preservation rate,therefore ,this new neoadjuvant therapy with tolerable toxicity will has a promising application in the clinical setting.

Adult ; Aged ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Neoplasm Staging ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Rectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) severely affects the life of women and the estrogen replacement therapy for it has obvious adverse effects. This article aimed to study the effect of polygoni multiflori radix preparata (PMRP) on DOR in rats and provide a therapeutic option for clinical medication. Methods Sixty female SD rats were randomly divided into six groups of equal number,normal control,DOR model control,high-dose PMRP (4 g/kg),medium-dose PMRP (2 g/kg),low-dose PMRP (1 g/kg),and positive control. The DOR model was established by gavage of tripterygium glycosides as 75 mg/kg every morning,followed by administration of PMRP in the PMRP groups,Estradiol valerate at 0.18 mg/kg in the positive control group and distilled water in the model control group in the afternoon,all for 30 consecutive days. The estrous cycle of the rats was observed,the levels of serum estradiol (E2),follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH),luteinizing hor-mone (LH),anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and inhibin-B (INH- B) were determined by ELISA,the ovarian and uterine indexes were obtained,and the ovarian morphology was observed by HE stai-ning,and the counts of follicles at different stages were recorded. Results Compared with the normal controls,the DOR model rats showed modeling time-related lengthening,irregularity and even disorder of the estrous cycle,with a few epithelial cells or keratino-cytes and leucocytes on the vaginal smear at 11-30 days. The estrous cycle was normal in the PMRP and positive control groups at 1-10 days and relatively prolonged at 11-30 days. In comparison with the normal control group,the DOR model rats exhibited a signifi-cantly decreased levels of serum E2 ([302.6±42.9] vs [155.7±46.8] pg/mL,P<0.05) and INH-B ([494.5±84.1] vs [299.2± 106.8] pg/mL,P<0.05) but increased levels of FSH ([7.2±0.5] vs [21.7±1.2] mIU/mL,P<0.05) and LH ([17.4±1.2] vs [25.0±1.0] mU/mL,P<0.05). The INH-B level was markedly elevated in the PMRP and positive control groups as compared with that in the DOR models (P<0.05). The counts of follicles and corpora lutea were remarkably lower in the DOR model rats (P<0.05) while that of developing follicles markedly higher in the PMRP and positive control groups than in the normal control group (P<0.05). The numbers of atretic follicles+corpora lutea were significantly increased in the high-dose PMRP group but decreased in the low-dose PMRP group (P<0.05) and positive controls (P<0.05). The counts of primordial and developing follicles were dramatically higher in the PMRP and positive control groups than in the DOR model controls (P<0.01) and so were the numbers of atretic follicles+corpora lutea in the high-and medium-dose PMRP groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Polygoni multiflori radix preparata can effectively protect the reproductive function of female rats by inhibiting tripterygium glycosides-induced toxicity to the ovary.

BACKGROUNDSystemic chemotherapy (SC) is the recommended treatment for gastric cancer with liver metastasis. However, the improvement in survival has been disappointing. The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic efficacy of gastrectomy with transarterial chemoembolization plus SC (GTC) and SC alone for gastric cancer with synchronous liver metastasis.

METHODSFrom January 2008 to December 2013, 107 gastric cancer patients with synchronous liver metastasis attending the four participating centers were enrolled in this multicenter, ambispective, controlled cohort study. Patients who underwent GTC (n = 32) were compared with controls who were received SC alone (n = 75). The primary endpoints of the study were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints were response rate to treatment and treatment-related adverse effects.

RESULTSThe median OS was 14.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI ]: 13.1-14.9 months) in the GTC treatment group and 8.0 months (95% CI : 6.6-9.4 months) in SC group, this difference being statistically significant (P < 0.001). The median PFS was significantly longer in the GTC than in the SC group (5 months, 95% CI : 2.2-7.8 months vs. 3 months, 95% CI : 2.3-3.4 months, respectively) (P < 0.001). The rate of response to treatment was significantly better in the GTC than the SC group (59.4% vs. 37.4%, respectively) (P = 0.035). According to multivariate analysis, OS in patients receiving combination treatment was significantly correlated with the size (P = 0.037) and extent of liver metastases (P < 0.001). PFS was also correlated with the extent of liver metastases (P = 0.003).

CONCLUSIONSGTC is more effective than SC alone in patients with gastric cancer with synchronous liver metastasis. GTC therapy prolongs the survival of selected gastric cancer patients with synchronous liver metastasis.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; administration & dosage ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Cohort Studies ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Deoxycytidine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography

OBJECTIVETo study the antifertility and anti-inflammatory effects of compound Kucen gel in vivo.

METHODSAs antifertility experiment, we randomly divided 60 female SD rats into six groups of equal number: normal saline, blank gel, low-, medium- and high-dose compound Kucen gel (0.05, 0.10 and 0.15 g/g), and positive control (4% nonoxynol gel) to receive intravaginal administration of 200 microl of respective agent, followed by copulation with male rats in a 1:1 ratio. At 12 days after successful mating, the female rats were dissected for calculation of the embryos and the rate of contraception. As an anti-inflammatory trial, we established a mouse model of inflammation by applying xylene to the pinna, and equally randomized 60 Kunming mice to six groups as in the former experiment. We determined the degrees and average rates of swelling inhibition in the left ear.

RESULTSHigh-dose compound Kucen gel achieved a fertility-inhibition rate of 100% in the female rats, the number of embryos significantly lower than in the normal saline group (0.00 +/- 0.00 vs 11.00 +/- 2. 00, P < 0.05), but with no statistically insignificant difference from that of the positive control (0.00 +/- 0.00, P > 0.05). High-dose compound Kucen gel also markedly suppressed swelling in the left ear of the mice, with an inhibition rate of 52.3%, the average swelling degree significantly lower than in the normal saline group (10.17 +/- 2.56 vs 21.32 +/- 3.17, P < 0.01), but not remarkably different from that of the positive control (8.53 +/- 1.89, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCompound Kucen gel, with its strong antifertility and anti-inflammatory effects, deserves further study and clinical application.

Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; pharmacology ; Contraceptive Agents ; pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Gels ; Inflammation ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo observe the spermicidal effect of alcohol extracts from different ratios of Sophora flavescens Ait/Chinese Bulbul in vitro.

METHODSSemen samples aseptically obtained by masturbation and prepared by density gradient centrifugation from 15 healthy men were incubated in the alcohol extracts from 9 different ratios of Sophora flavescens Ait/Chinese Bulbul for 20 seconds, 2 minutes and 4 minutes. Then the motility and movement parameters of the sperm were detected by computer-assisted semen analysis, and the minimal effective concentrations of the instant spermicidal effect of the extracts were determined.

RESULTSAt the ratio of 3:1, the extract at 0.5 mg/ml significantly inhibited the sperm motility and other sperm movement parameters VCL, VSL, VAP, ALH, WOB and MAD, as compared with the control group. The minimal effective concentration of the instant spermicidal effect of the extracts was 3.5 mg/ml at 3:1.

CONCLUSIONThe alcohol extracts from Sophora flavescens Ait and Chinese Bulbul at the ratio of 3:1 have the best spermicidal effect in vitro.

Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Pulsatilla ; Semen Analysis ; Sophora ; Sperm Motility ; drug effects ; Spermatocidal Agents ; pharmacology ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate clinical effects of coracohumeral ligament reconstruction with autologous double-strand of long palmaris longus tendon and artificial ligament for the treatment of acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

METHODSFrom April 2006 to June 2009, 31 patients with acromioclavicular joint dislocation were treated with coracohumeral ligament reconstruction using autologous double-strand palmaris longus tendon and artificial ligament. There were 18 males and 13 females, ranging in age from 18 to 60 years, with an average of 35 years. Twenty-six patients were acute trauma and other 5 patients were chronic trauma. Preoperative symptoms included different degrees of pain, restricted movement, and instability of acromioclaviecular joint. The X-ray showed acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

RESULTSThe patients had good incision union without vascular and nerve injuries. All the patients were followed up, and the average duration was 23 months. The JOA scores decreased from preoperative (38.8 +/- 1.5) to (73.2 +/- 1.1) at 1 month after operation,and (93.5 +/- 0.8)at the last follow-up. Twenty-eight patients got an excellent result, 2 good and 1 fair.

CONCLUSIONThe reconstruction of coracohumeral ligament using autologous double-strand palmaris longus tendon and artificial ligament is an effective method for the treatment of acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

Acromioclavicular Joint ; injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Artificial Organs ; Clavicle ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Ligaments, Articular ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Scapula ; Tendons ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate four candidate variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) loci for genotyping Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains.

METHODSGenomic sequences for two M. tuberculosis strains (CCDC5079 and CCDC5180) were generated, and using published sequence data, four candidate VNTR loci were identified. The VNTRs were used to genotype 225 Chinese clinical M. tuberculosis complex strains. The discriminatory power of the VNTRs was evaluated using BioNumerics 5.0 software.

RESULTSThe Hunter-Gaston Index (HGI) for BJ1, BJ2, BJ3, and BJ4 loci was 0.634, 0.917, 0.697, and 0.910, respectively. Combining all four loci gave an HGI value of 0.995, thus confirming that the genotyping had good discriminatory power. The HGI values for BJ1, BJ2, BJ3, and BJ4, obtained from Beijing family strain genotyping, were 0.447, 0.878, 0.315, and 0.850, respectively. Combining all four loci produced an HGI value of 0.988 for genotyping the Beijing family strains. We observed unique patterns for M. bovis and M. africanum strains from the four loci.

CONCLUSIONWe have shown that the four VNTR loci can be successfully used for genotyping M. tuberculosis complex strains. Notably, these new loci may provide additional information about Chinese M. tuberculosis isolates than that currently afforded by established VNTR loci typing.

Cluster Analysis ; Genotyping Techniques ; Humans ; Minisatellite Repeats ; Mycobacterium bovis ; genetics ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; genetics