Objective To explore the cause and treatment of chronic pain after tension-free repair of inguinal hernia.MethodsThe clinical data of 426 cases with inguinal hernia underwent the tension-free hernioplasty during February 2002 to September 2007 were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsTension-free hernioplasty was performed to all patients.According to operative methods,they were divided into two groups:polypropylene filling group(n=210)and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene(e-PTFE)mycromesh group(n=216).The chronic pain rate after operation,polypropylene filling group(9.0%,19/210)was significantly higher than e-PTFE mycromesh group(4.2%,9/216),P

Objective To review the clinical operation methods of abdominal incisional hernia. Methods Classification, operation method and fellow-up of 78 patients with abdominal incisional hernia were retrospectively analyzed. Results The average time of fellow-up was 26 months. Nineteen cases were repaired with simple suture with 3 cases (15.8%) recurrence, 57 cases were repaired with man-made material with 2 case (3.4%) recurrence. Conclusions Individual operation method should be chosen according to body condition, classification of the size of abdominal loss and abdominal hypertension. It is an effective method to repair the hernia of abdominal incision with man-made material.

Objective To study the drug resistance of neonatal sepsis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae and provide evidence for drug treatment. Method Retrospectively analysis was conducted on the clinical data and antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae in 50 neonates with sepsis. Results The majority of the 50 cases were infected in hospital. There were 13 ESBLs strains in 50 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains (26%), and the others were negative ESBLs starins (74%). All the strains were multidrug-resistance to the β-lactam antibiotics and only sensitive to few antibiotics such as Imipenem and Amikacin. The sensitive rate was 100%. Conclusions The first selected antibiotic for the treatment of neonatal sepsis caused by Klebsiella pnemoniae was Imipenem or Amikacin.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on changes of learning-memory ability, psychomotor coordination and anxiety-like behavior of cerebral hypoxic-ischemia (CHI) young rats, so as to explore its protective effect on neurons under hypoxic-ischemic conditions. METHODS: SD rats (aged 7 days) were randomly divided into sham operation (sham, n=12), model (n=11), and EA groups (n=12). In addition, 6 young rats in each group were used for observing the number of dendritic spines after Golgi staining. The CHI model was established by ligation of the left common carotid artery combined with hypoxia in a closed transparent vessel. EA was applied to "Baihui" (GV 20)and "Dazhui" (GV 14) for 20 min, once every other day, for 28 days. The rats' behavior changes were assessed by using rotarod performance (for psychomotor coordination), elevated plus maze (anxiety-like behavior) tests and Morris water maze (learning-memory ability) tests, separately. RESULTS: After modeling, the average escape latency and average escape distance of location navigation test within 70 seconds were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the average times and average duration of safe-platform quadrant crossing of spacial probing test were markedly reduced relevant to the sham group (P<0.05). After EA treatment, CHI-induced increases of escape latency and escape distance, and the decreased times and duration of platform quadrant crossing were significantly reversed (P<0.05). No significant differences were found among the three groups in the falling latency of rotarod performance test, and in the time of opening and closing arms of elevated plus maze tests (P>0.05). The density of dendritic spines was significantly lo-wer in the model group than in the sham group (P <0.05), and notably higher in the EA group than in the model group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: EA can improve the learning-memory ability of CHI young rats, which may be related to its effect in protecting the dendritic spines of CA 1 region of hippocampus from injury.

OBJECTIVETo construct plant expression pCAMBIA1301-PMI by substituting PMI for hygromycin resistance gene in pCAMBIA1301 and obtain transgenic Salvia miltiorrhiza f. alba using PMI-mannose selection system.

METHODThe 6-phosphomannose isomerase gene (PMI) of Escherichia coli was amplified by PCR. Sequence analysis showed that it shared 100% amino acids identities with the sequences of PMI genes isolates reported in the NCBI. Based on pCAMBIA1305, the plant expression pCAMBIA1305-PMI was constructed successfully by substituting PMI for hygromycin resistance gene in pCAMBIA1305. pCAMBIA1305-PMI was transformed into Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404, and then the leaves of S. miltiorrhiza f. alba were inoculated in LBA4404 with pCAMBIA1305-PMI.

RESULTPlant expression pCAMBIA1301-PMI was successfully constructed and the leaves of S. miltiorrhiza f. alba inoculated in LBA4404 with pCAMBIA1305-PMI were selected on medium supplemented with a combination of 20 g x L(-1) mannose and 10 g x L(-1) sucrose as a carbon source. The transformation efficiency rate was 23.7%.

CONCLUSIONGenetic transformation was confirmed by PCR, indicating that a new method for obtaining transgenic S. miltiorrhiza f. alba plants was developed using PMI-mannose selection system.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Biomarkers ; Cinnamates ; pharmacology ; Escherichia coli ; enzymology ; genetics ; Escherichia coli Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hygromycin B ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Mannose-6-Phosphate Isomerase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transformation, Genetic

The dosage-efficacy/toxicity relationship of the 50% alcohol extracts of Polygonum multiflorum was comparatively investigated on either normal or CCl4-induced chronic liver injury rats, by determining the general condition, serum biochemical indices and liver histopathology, coupled with the factor analysis. The dosages were 10 and 20 g raw materials per kg body weight. Compared with the normal control group, the normal high dose group showed significant increases of the serum alanine transaminase (ALT), total bilirubin (TBIL), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), as well the frequent incidences of inflammatory cell infiltration, hepatic sinus enlargement and fiber stripes formation in histopathological sections. Compared with the model control group, the model low dose group showed significant declines of serum ALT, aspartate transaminase (AST) and total bile acid (TBA) (P < 0.05), as well the alleviation of vacuoles of hepatocytes, but no amelioration of the inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrous tissue hyperplasia; moreover, the model high dose group showed significant degeneration declines of serum HMGB-1, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-1β (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), as well the evident alleviation of vacuoles degeneration of hepatocytes, inflammatory cells infiltration and fibrosis degree. The factor analysis showed that the low dosage treatment had almost neither injuring effect on the normal rats nor protective effect on the model rats; while the high dosage treatment showed observable injuring effect on the normal rats, expressed by the significant increases of the factor-1 (HMGB-1, TNF-α and IL-1β as the main contributors) and factor-2 (TBIL, ALT and TBA as the main contributors) relative to the normal control group. The liver protective effect of the high dosage treatment could be observed with the significant reduction of the factor-1, indicating the effective alleviation of the expression of inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, it could illustrated the phenomenon of symptom-based prescription theory of Polygonum multiflorum on rat livers: the high dosage of the herb had either an injuring effect on normal rats, or a therapeutic effect on the rats with chronic liver injury.

The dosage-efficacy/toxicity relationship of the 50% alcohol extracts of Polygonum multiflorum was comparatively investigated on either normal or CCl4-induced chronic liver injury rats, by determining the general condition, serum biochemical indices and liver histopathology, coupled with the factor analysis. The dosages were 10 and 20 g raw materials per kg body weight. Compared with the normal control group, the normal high dose group showed significant increases of the serum alanine transaminase (ALT), total bilirubin (TBIL), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), as well the frequent incidences of inflammatory cell infiltration, hepatic sinus enlargement and fiber stripes formation in histopathological sections. Compared with the model control group, the model low dose group showed significant declines of serum ALT, aspartate transaminase (AST) and total bile acid (TBA) (P < 0.05), as well the alleviation of vacuoles of hepatocytes, but no amelioration of the inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrous tissue hyperplasia; moreover, the model high dose group showed significant degeneration declines of serum HMGB-1, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-1β (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), as well the evident alleviation of vacuoles degeneration of hepatocytes, inflammatory cells infiltration and fibrosis degree. The factor analysis showed that the low dosage treatment had almost neither injuring effect on the normal rats nor protective effect on the model rats; while the high dosage treatment showed observable injuring effect on the normal rats, expressed by the significant increases of the factor-1 (HMGB-1, TNF-α and IL-1β as the main contributors) and factor-2 (TBIL, ALT and TBA as the main contributors) relative to the normal control group. The liver protective effect of the high dosage treatment could be observed with the significant reduction of the factor-1, indicating the effective alleviation of the expression of inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, it could illustrated the phenomenon of symptom-based prescription theory of Polygonum multiflorum on rat livers: the high dosage of the herb had either an injuring effect on normal rats, or a therapeutic effect on the rats with chronic liver injury.
Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Bile Acids and Salts ; metabolism ; Bilirubin ; blood ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Fallopia multiflora ; chemistry ; HMGB1 Protein ; metabolism ; Hepatocytes ; drug effects ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Liver ; drug effects ; pathology ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, SMO, beta-Catenin and Wnt5b mRNA in four hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines of SMMC-7721, Bel-7402, HepG2, MHCC-97 and normal hepatocellular cell line of L02, and to compare the response of these cell lines to all-trans retinoic acid.

METHODSRT-PCR was used to detect expression of Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, SMO, beta-Catenin and Wnt5b mRNA in four hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and normal hepatocellular cell line. Real time-PCR was used to quantify the expression of the genes.

RESULTSThere are different levels of expression of the stem cell-related gene in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and control cell line (P less than 0.05). There are significant differences in HepG2 and L-02 for the response to all-trans retinoic acid (P less than 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe stem cell-related genes are differentially expressed in different hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; DNA Methylation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Hep G2 Cells ; Homeodomain Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Nanog Homeobox Protein ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3 ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; SOXB1 Transcription Factors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Smoothened Receptor ; Stem Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology ; Wnt Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; beta Catenin ; genetics ; metabolism

The liver injury induced by Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (PM) was investigated based on idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity model co-treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a non-hepatotoxic dose. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were intragastrically administered with three doses (18.9, 37.8, 75.6 g crude drug per kg body weight) of 50% alcohol extracts of PM alone or co-treated with non-toxic dose of LPS (2.8 mg·kg(-1)) via tail vein injection. The plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities were assayed and the isolated livers were evaluated for histopathological changes. The dose-toxicity relationships of single treatment of PM or co-treatment of LPS were investigated comparatively to elucidate the idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity of PM. The results showed that no significant alterations of plasma ALT and AST activities were observed in the groups of solo-administration of LPS (2.8 mg·kg(-1), i.v.) or different dosage (18.9, 37.8 and 75.6 g·kg(-1), i.g.) of PM, compared to normal control group (P > 0.05); while significant elevations were observed in the co-administration groups of PM and LPS. Treatment with LPS alone caused slight infiltration of inflammatory cells in portal area but no evident hepatocytes injury. Co-treatment with LPS and PM (75.6 g·kg(-1), i.g.) caused hepatocyte focal necrosis, loss of central vein intima and a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration in portal areas. When further reduce the dosage of PM, significant increases of plasma ALT and AST activities (P < 0.05) were still observed in co-administration groups of LPS and PM (1.08 or 2.16 g·kg(-1)), but not in LPS or PM solo-administration groups. Nevertheless, the co-treatment of low dosage of PM (0.54 g·kg(-1)) with LPS did not induce any alteration of plasma ALT and AST. In conclusion, intragastric administration with 75.6 g·kg(-1) of PM did not induce liver injury in normal rats model; while the 2 folds of clinical equivalent dose of PM (1.08 g·kg(-1)) could result in liver injury in the LPS-based idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity model, which could be used to evaluate the idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity of PM.