Hypoxanthine,the pre_substance of uric acid,was used to create mouse model with hyperuricemia.The dose_effect relationship and time_effect relationship of hypoxanthine during the model establishment were observed.The effect of sex and xanthine oxidase inhibitor on the establishment of mouse model was studied.The results showed this method is effective for the establishment of a stable mouse model with hyperuricemia.

Objective To know the cosmetics quality in Yunnan Province and to research the security countermeasure in order to protect the the health of people. Methods According to the state,standard test methods and criterion,the physical,chemical,biological and toxicological indicators of cosmetics were determined and evaluated. The results were treated by statistic methods. Results From 1996 to 2005,1 581 cosmetics samples were determined. The eligible rate of the cosmetics samples was 90.1%(1 425/1 581). The eligible rate was increasing from 1996 to 2005(?2=19.487,P

Animals ; Creatine Kinase ; blood ; Lactate Dehydrogenases ; blood ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Male ; Rabbits ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; Weight-Bearing

Animals ; Creatine Kinase ; blood ; Energy Metabolism ; Lactate Dehydrogenases ; blood ; Male ; Pressure ; adverse effects ; Rabbits ; Serum ; enzymology

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Homeodomain Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Transcription Factors ; biosynthesis ; genetics

Atrial fibrillation ( AF) is an abnormal heart rhythm characterised by rapid and irregular beating.It is caused by multiple factors and can lead to ischemia-associated thrombosis, heart failure and other complex symptoms. Based on the etiology and characteristics of AF, animal models have 3 main categories including electrical, neurohormonal or vessel-related, and structural remodeling models.New technologies such as microRNA knock-down/overexpression or CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing provide tools for constructing animal AF models and directions in the development of AF thera-peutic strategies.Currently these strategies have largely focused on the cellular and molecular therapeutics rather than tradi-tional invasive electrophysiological methods or antiarrhythmic drugs.With the aid of new tools, progress has been greatly made in a broad range of therapeutic research areas including molecular mechanisms, drug targeting and screening.This re-view summarizes the animal models of atrial fibrillation currently used in studies of the molecular and cellular therapeutics and notes their contributions to this research area.

Objective To evaluate the application of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in diagnosis and screening of thalassemia. Methods Automated HPLC was used to measure HbF and HbA2 in 100 genetically diagnosed thalas-semic patients and 35 normal children. The results were compared with those from traditional tests including alkali denaturation test and cellulose acetate electrophoresis. The diagnose accordance rates, sensitivity and specificity were compared. Results Seventy-fourβthalassemia, 64 were heterozygous with single mutations and 10 were compound heterozygous with double muta-tions. Twenty-sixαthalassemia, 25 were compound mutations and one was heterozygous with single mutation. The HbF percent-age from HPLC was higher than that from alkali denaturation tests in either thalassemia or normal children (P<0.01). HbF level from HPLC inα-thalassemia was signiifcantly different from that in the normal children (P=0.011). The percentage of HbA2 from HPLC was higher than that from cellulose acetate electrophoresis (P=0.010). HbA2 in the single heterozygousβ-thalassemia were twice higher than that in the double heterozygous mutatedβ-thalassemia (P<0.01). The combination of HbF-HbA2 (≥4.0%) from HPLC with MCV (<80 lf) and MCH (<27 pg) had high accordance rates (99.3%), sensitivity (99.0%) and speciifcity (100.0%) in diagnosis of thalassemia. Conclusions When the results of HPLC are combined with MCV and MCH, it can be applied to the diagnosis of thalassemia with high speciifcity, high sensitivity and has high diagnostic accordance rate with genetic results. HPLC can be an ideal approach to screenβthalassemia.

Objective To explore the mechanism of Exenatide-induced rat pancreatic tissue lesion.Methods Thirty SD male rats were divided into three groups according to complete random design,and each group had 10 rats,namely Exenatide group,diabetes-model group and control group.Diabetes-model rats were induced by streptozotocin (STZ,35mg/kg) and high-sugar and high-fat diet.The Exenatide group and diabetes group were subcutaneously administered with Exenatide at a dose of 5 μg/kg twice a day.The control group was treated with same amount of saline.Ten weeks later,all the rats were sacrificed and the pancreatic tissues were harvested for routine pathological examination.Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and type Ⅲ collagen protein in pancreatic tissue,and ELISA was applied to measure the expression of matrix metalloprotei-nase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 in pancreatic tissue.Results In control group,there was no pathological change in pancreatic tissue.In Exenatide group,chronic inflammatory changes were observed; and the degree of inflammatory changes were much severe in diabetes group,and the pathological scores were gradually increased in the 3 groups (P ＜0.05).The expressions of MMP 2 in pancreatic tissue in control group,Exenatide group,diabetes group were (186.98 ± 23.24),(306.07 ± 59.82),(365.08 ± 89.55) μg/L,and the expressions of MMP-9 were (49.37 ± 7.08),(67.24 ±14.73),(87.37 ±13.39)μg/L.The values were significantly higher in Exenatide group and diabetes group than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05),but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant.The numbers of α-SMA positive cells per high power field were (13.4 ± 5.97),(29.5 ± 8.80),(79.3 ± 27.23) in control group,Exenatide group,diabetes group,and the numbers of type Ⅲ collagen positive cells were (10.6 ± 4.93),(29.3 ± 12.95),(56.0 ± 27.21).The values were significantly higher in Exenatide group than those in control group,and the values were significantly higher in diabetes group than those in Exenatide group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Long-term subcutaneous injection of Exenatide may activate pancreatic stellate cells and cause expression of α-SMA,Ⅲ collagen protein,and MMP-2,MMP-9,then induce chronic inflammatory changes.

Objective To investigate the pharmacodynamic action of Yunkang Capsule(YKC).Methods The animals were divided into YKC groups(at high-,moderate-and low-dosage respectively),diphenidol control group,model control group and blank control group.The action of YKC on vertigo and thrombosis,hemorrheologic indexes,piamatral microcirculation and free radicals of the animal models were observed.Results YKC could significantly prolong the latency of vertigo,reduce wet weight of thrombus,decrease blood viscosity,plasma viscosity and hematocrit,promote the dilation of piamatral micro-vessels,increase the amount of interweave microdot,increase plasma SOD activity and decline plasma MDA content of animal models.Conclusion YKC has actions of counteracting vertigo and thrombosis,improving hemorrheology and microcirculation,and clearing away free radicals.

Cisplatin is effective in the treatment of various solid tumors. However, its clinical application is limited because of the severe side-effects such as nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, ototoxicity and so on. Drug combination is advocated in clinics for synergism and detoxication. In order to provide some referencs for the research of drug combination and clinical treatment regimen, the research advances in the synergism and detoxication of drug combination of cisplatin with chemicals/ traditional Chinese medicines in recent years are reviewed in the paper.