No abstract available.
Cambodia

The genus Letrouitia is newly recorded for Cambodia, including the four species as L. domingensis, L. leprolytoides, L. sayeri, and L. subvulpina. A brief description and illustrations are provided.
Cambodia* ; Lichens*

The crosssectional study to acess on nutritional status and anemia in 438 children under 24 months. It is showed that: The rate of malnutrition in indicators are: Weight for Age ( W/A) 41 %, Hight for Age (H/A) 42.2% and Weight for Hight ( W/H) 14.9%. The rate malnutrition of children under 24 month olds in 4 communities at country of Phnom Penh which is higher than threshold of World Health Organization. Total rate of anemia based on lower hemoglobin level (<11g/dl) is 59%. Mild anemia is 21%, moderate is 35.4 % and severe is 1.9%. The children with anemia is more likely have malnutrition by 1.8 times (OR=1.82) compare to the children without anemia.
Nutritional Status, Anemia, Malnutrition, Child, Cambodia

Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) resistance is widespread throughout the Greater Mekong Subregion. This raises concern over the antimalarial treatment in Thailand since it shares borders with Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar where high ACT failure rates were reported. It is crucial to have information about the spread of ACT resistance for efficient planning and treatment. This study was to identify the molecular markers for antimalarial drug resistance: Pfkelch13 and Pfmdr1 mutations from 5 provinces of southern Thailand, from 2012 to 2017, of which 2 provinces on the Thai- Myanmar border (Chumphon and Ranong), one on Thai-Malaysia border (Yala) and 2 from non-border provinces (Phang Nga and Surat Thani). The results showed that C580Y mutation of Pfkelch13 was found mainly in the province on the Thai-Myanmar border. No mutations in the PfKelch13 gene were found in Surat Thani and Yala. The Pfmdr1 gene isolated from the Thai-Malaysia border was a different pattern from those found in other areas (100% N86Y) whereas wild type strain was present in Phang Nga. Our study indicated that the molecular markers of artemisinin resistance were spread in the provinces bordering along the Thai-Myanmar, and the pattern of Pfmdr1 mutations from the areas along the international border of Thailand differed from those of the non-border provinces. The information of the molecular markers from this study highlighted the recent spread of artemisinin resistant parasites from the endemic area, and the data will be useful for optimizing antimalarial treatment based on regional differences.
Cambodia ; Drug Resistance ; Laos ; Myanmar ; Parasites ; Plasmodium falciparum ; Plasmodium ; Thailand

Historically, Ewha University Medical Center roots from Boguyeogwan, which was founded by missionaries in 1887 as the first women's hospital. Inheriting the spirit of missions, Ewha Medical Care (EMC) is an official missionary activity of Ewha Womans University that provide regular mission trips to offer medical services in underdeveloped countries. The first EMC trip was to Nepal in 1989 at the request of Nepalese Sakura Rajbhandary, a graduate of Ewha Womans University Medical School. Mission trips continued to Nepal from 1989 to 2001, and since 2003 mission fields were changed to Cambodia, Vietnam, and Uzbekistan. Since 2014, EMC has sent 3 mission teams to each countries, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Uzbekistan, every year. The final mission of EMC in the future is to establish a missionary hospital in the third world where medical service is in need as Boguyeogwan was established by missionaries to protect and save poor Korean women in the past.
Academic Medical Centers ; Cambodia ; Female ; Humans ; Missionaries ; Nepal ; Religious Missions ; Schools, Medical ; Uzbekistan ; Vietnam

PURPOSE: This study, on the basis of a structural model that includes nurse image, image determinants, and self-esteem of Cambodian nursing students influenced by the Korean nursing education system, demonstrates distinctions between senior and junior according to experience in clinical practice. METHODS: Data were collected via a questionnaire from 194 nursing students in Cambodia and subsequently analyzed using the STATA IC 12 program. RESULTS: First, image determinants and their sub-factors-subjective, institutional, and media-effect both the nurse image and self-esteem of nursing students. Second, the study confirms that nurse image has no significant effect on self-esteem. Also, the individual factor, a sub-factor of nurse image, possesses a weak relationship with nurse image. Third, the structural model mediating between senior and junior reveals differences resulting from experiences derived from clinical practice. CONCLUSION: The study has significance in that Cambodian nursing students, who are rarely studied in terms of nurse image, have been systemically analyzed via a structural model incorporating image determinants and self-esteem.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Cambodia ; Education, Nursing ; Humans ; Models, Structural* ; Negotiating ; Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Students, Nursing*

The PMT-air airplane crash accident occurred in June 25, 2007 in Sihanoukville, Cambodia. All 22 passengers and crew, including 13 Korean victims, were found dead. Human identification was done at the Cambodian-Russian Soviet friendship hospital. All of Korean victims were identified with fingerprint comparison, age estimation, comparison of belongings and examination of past medical history. In this identification process, the examination of antemortem data source with searching personal blog of internet had been proved efficient in human identification. The antemortem data collection with internet access may be useful and should be combined with classical antemortem data collection process because it is beyond spatial and time limitation.
Aircraft* ; Blogging ; Cambodia ; Information Storage and Retrieval ; Dermatoglyphics ; Forensic Anthropology ; Friends ; Humans ; Internet

OBJECTIVE: Annually, the prevalence of indigenous and imported malarial infections is steadily increasing since 1993 in Korea. In order to understand the current characteristics of malarial infections and to prevent, the present research reviewed twenty-seven cases between January and September 1998. METHOD:In this study, all the twenty-seven (twenty- six patients) cases were obtained from admitted patients between January and September 1998. We had performed routine blood chemical studies, peripheral blood thin and thick smear, physical examination and abdominal sonography. Any patient with a previous history of a narcotic drug injection or had blood transfusion was excluded. RESULTS: Twenty cases (74.1%) were indigenous and seven (25.9%) were imported malaria. Yeonchon-Gun (nine cases) was the most prevalent area in the indigenous cases; Cambodia (three cases) were the most one in the imported cases. Peripheral blood thin smear revealed Plasmodium vivax in all (100%) indigenous malaria, while four cases (57.1%) were P. vivax and one (14.3%) was P. falciparum and two (28.6%) were mixed infections with P. vivax and P. falciparum in the imported cases. In a 3-month period between July and September, peak prevalence (80.4%) was observed. The negative conversion of peripheral blood smear was achieved much earlier in the indigenous (3.9+/-1.4day) than in the imported (5.7+/-1.9day) after the treatment but, was not statistically signifcant. CONCLUSION: Plasmodium ovale was the only unique causative species in the indigenous malaria. Also Yeonchon-Gun and Cheolwon-Gun had been the most important endemic areas as previous reports. One relapse case had been occurred in the imported malaria. On the basis of our data, more efforts for control of malaria should be necessary for eradication and prevention of indigenous and imported malarial infections in Korea.
Blood Transfusion ; Cambodia ; Coinfection ; Humans ; Korea ; Malaria ; Physical Examination ; Plasmodium ovale ; Plasmodium vivax ; Prevalence ; Recurrence

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between short message service and social media use, and sexual intercourse of high school students in Cambodia. METHODS: Four hundred and eighty-three high school students from three schools in rural provinces were interviewed with structured questionnaires. RESULTS: Sexual intercourse was found significantly more frequent among male students than among female students (p=.001), among alcohol drinkers than among non-drinkers (p<.001), among those who were not taking pictures with mobile phones than among those who were (p=.045), and among those who were exchanging SMS between boyfriend and girlfriend than among those who were not (p=.006). The students who were sending SMS by mobile phones were 5.83 times as likely to have sexual intercourse as their counterparts (p=.020), who were taking pictures with mobile phone were 0.04 times as likely as those who were not (p=.045) and the odds ratio was 15.19 times as high in alcohol drinkers as in non-drinkers (p=.001). CONCLUSIONS: Efforts should be made to encourage positive and effective use of social media among adolescents to maintain their sexual health.
Adolescent ; Cambodia ; Cell Phones ; Coitus ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Odds Ratio ; Reproductive Health ; Social Media ; Text Messaging

OBJECTIVES: A group consisted of 32 Korean rural people had been travelled to Cambodia and Vietnam. During their travel for 7 days, first diarrheal case had occurred on 3rd day of travel and overall 8 people had diarrhea during travel. So we investigated the case for determination of the cause and route of infection. METHODS: We interviewed all 32 people by visiting or telephone and took 23 stool samples from them, which are examined by Gyeungsangbuk-do Government Public Institute of Health & Environment in Korea. We interviewed travel agency for travel route and schedule. RESULTS: The attack rate was 25.0% (8 cases) among 32 people. Of them, 3 cases were microbiologically confirmed to have the infection of Shigella flexneri (Serotype 3a). The result of this epidemiological investigation showed that the infection of shigellosis was happened in foreign countries. We assumed the water from Angkor-Watt was contaminated by S. flexneri. We could not able to test environmental specimens because of the infection is thought to be occurred in foreign countries. CONCLUSIONS: Most common infectious diseases from foreign countries are transmitted by water or food. Travellers to foreign countries must take caution for communicable diseases and must do report and get appropriate treatment when symptoms developed after travel.
Cambodia ; Communicable Diseases ; Diarrhea ; Disease Outbreaks ; Drinking ; Dysentery, Bacillary ; Korea ; Shigella flexneri ; Telephone ; Vietnam ; Water