Parotid sialolithiasis accounts for 10 to 20% of all cases of sialolithiasis that involves the head and neck and presents management challenges for a variety of reasons. In this report, we present a rare case of removing a double stone in Stensen's duct by anexternal approach (open parotid sialolithotomy).
Head ; Neck ; Salivary Duct Calculi ; Salivary Ducts ; Salivary Gland Calculi

Sialolithiasis is a major cause of salivary gland dysfunction. The majority of sialolithiasis or salivary stones are found in the submandibular glands or in its duct. As such, the sublingual gland is a very rare site for stone formation. We described a 30-year-old woman with multiple sialoliths in the sublingual gland. These sialoliths were removed by transoral sublingual sialadenectomy. A total of 11 calculi were found.
Adult ; Calculi ; Female ; Humans ; Salivary Duct Calculi ; Salivary Gland Calculi ; Salivary Glands ; Sublingual Gland ; Submandibular Gland

Manufacturing method and technical procedure of 'SNU Sialoop', which was a new device designed for removal of sialolith, were introduced. Two cases about removal of Wharton' duct sialolith using SNU Sialoop were presented.
Calculi* ; Equipment Design ; Salivary Duct Calculi ; Salivary Ducts ; Salivary Gland Calculi ; Submandibular Gland

INTRODUCTION: Sialolithes are initiated by localized deposition of calcified material in the salivary glands. And that may even cause various symptom especially swelling and pain. This study purposes to collect statistical data of sialolithiasis for clinical analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among forty seven patients who have visited Seoul National University Dental Hospital during 2004-2009, patients' age, sex, location and size of stone, radiodensity of stone, symptom, surgical procedure were investigated. Statistical correlation between size, location, symptom was evaluated. Chemical composition was analyzed for 3 sialolithes. RESULTS: The average age was 41.4 years. Sialolithiasis had slight female predilection (57.4%). Most cases occurred in the submandibular glands (91.5%). And most cases had radiopaque features (95.8%). The average size was 7.17 mm. The most frequent location of the stones were the duct orifice and the submandibular gland hilum (16 cases in each), followed by the middle part of the duct (n=8), the intraglandular area (n=4), and the proximal part of the duct (n=3). Eleven cases were asymptomatic. Thirty six cases had complaints of pain, swelling, hardness, and decrease in saliva flow (multiple symptoms). Various methods of surgery was performed. Two cases were self-removed. Thirty seven cases underwent procedure involving stone removal alone. Six cases underwent gland extirpation, and two cases underwent ductoplasty. CONCLUSION: There was no statistical correlation between size, location, and symptoms. Sialolith was composed of Ca (58.5-69.3%), P (30.7-35.7%), organic material, and trace inorganic material.
Female ; Hardness ; Humans ; Saliva ; Salivary Duct Calculi ; Salivary Gland Calculi ; Salivary Glands ; Submandibular Gland

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Obstructive lesion of salivary glands by salivary duct calculi and stenosis is the main inflammatory disease of major salivary glands. Recently, the sialendoscopy has been introduced for the diagnosis and intervention of salivary ductal disease. The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of the sialendoscopy for the treatment of inflammatory salivary gland diseases. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Diagnostic and interventional sialendoscopy were performed in 19 patients (7 parotid glands, 12 submandibular glands), who had salivary duct calculi or recurrent sialadenitis without calculi from 2003 Sep. to 2004 Jun. Diagnostic sialendoscopy was performed for obstructive lesions and evaluation of ductal status. Interventional sialendoscopy was performed for the removal of salivary duct calculi and dilatation of duct stenosis in cases with calculi and stenosis. RESULTS: Diagnostic sialendoscopy was performed in all cases successfully. Sixteen glands had obstructive lesions and 3 glands had sialadenitis with no evidence of obstruction. Only one case with salivary duct calculi was failed. The remaining 10 calculi were removed with microforceps and basket with or without laser fragmentation. The average size of sialoliths was 5.2 mm and multiple stones were found in 2 cases. Five cases with stenosis of parotid and submandibular gland duct were dilated with balloon catheter or endoscopy sheath successfully. In the remaining 3 glands with no obstruction, the finding of ductal inflammation was identified. No major complications were noted. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnostic sialendoscopy is a new and minimal invasive technique for complete exploration of ductal system and evaluating salivary duct disease. Interventional sialendoscopy allows the extraction of salivary duct calculi in most cases and the dilatation of stenotic duct. This technique might be useful in preventing open gland surgery in well indicated cases.
Calculi ; Catheters ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis* ; Dilatation ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Parotid Gland ; Salivary Duct Calculi ; Salivary Ducts ; Salivary Gland Calculi ; Salivary Gland Diseases* ; Salivary Glands* ; Sialadenitis ; Sialography ; Submandibular Gland

Salivary duct lithiasis is a condition characterized by the obstruction of a salivary gland or its excretory duct due to the formation of calcareous concretions or sialoliths resulting in salivary ectasia and even provoking the subsequent dilation of the salivary gland. It most commonly involves submandibular gland (80 to 90%) and less frequently parotid (10 to 20%). The authors report 2 cases of parotid sialolithiasis. The first case involved a 46-year-old male patient complaining of the left parotid area pain and swelling, and presenting with a salivary calculus in the left parotid duct. When the patient was diagnosed, he refused surgical removal. The second case involved a 41-year-old male patient complaining of the right parotid area pain and swelling, and presenting with a salivary calculus in the right parotid duct. The sialolith was surgically removed under general anesthesia. In this paper, we also reviewed a series of concepts related to the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of sialolithiasis.
Adult ; Anesthesia, General ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation, Pathologic ; Humans ; Lithiasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parotid Diseases ; Salivary Calculi ; Salivary Duct Calculi ; Salivary Ducts ; Salivary Gland Calculi* ; Salivary Glands ; Submandibular Gland

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Sialendoscopy was introduced with favorable results in the management of salivary duct stones. We recently attempted this new procedure to diagnose and remove sialoliths for the first time in Korea. In this paper, we aimed to find out the clinical efficacy and limitations of sialendoscopy. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Nine patients, 2 males and 7 females with the average age of 27, who consented to the trial of a new procedure were enrolled in this study beginning in April 2003. Diagnostic sialendoscopy was performed first, and then intervention was attempted after sialoliths were identified. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the characteristics of sialoliths, preoperative work-up, postoperative complications and outcomes. RESULTS: All but one case had sialoliths in the duct of the submandibular gland. In view of diagnostic sialendoscopy, the success rate was 100%, that is, we could detect sialoliths in all cases. In interventional sialendoscopy, however, the success rate was 44% (4 of 9 cases). In 3 cases, the basket broke down or got caught with the stone. Other complications such as salivary duct perforation, bleeding and nerve injury did not occur. CONCLUSION: Sialendocopy is a new, less invasive procedure to visualize the entire salivary ductal system for the diagnosis of salivary duct stone. However, interventional sialendoscopy for the removal of sialolith is a delicate and technically challenging procedure, requiring strict size criteria of the sialolith and much experience of the operator.
Diagnosis ; Endoscopes ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Salivary Calculi ; Salivary Duct Calculi* ; Salivary Ducts* ; Salivary Gland Calculi ; Submandibular Gland

PURPOSE: Sialolithiasis is one of the most prevalent large obstructive disorders of the submandibular glands. The aim of this study was to investigate submandibular sialolithiasis with computed tomography (CT) and scintigraphy, with a particular focus on the relationship between CT values of the submandibular glands and their excretion rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients with submandibular sialolithiasis who underwent CT and salivary gland scintigraphy were included in this study. The relationship between the CT values of submandibular glands with and without sialoliths and salivary gland excretion measured using salivary gland scintigraphy was statistically analyzed. Dynamic images were recorded on the computer at 1 frame per 20 seconds. The salivary gland excretion fraction was defined as A (before stimulation test [counts/frame]) / B(after stimulation test [counts/frame]) using time-activity curves. RESULTS: The CT values in the submandibular glands with and without sialoliths was 9.9±44.9 Hounsfield units (HU) and 34.2±21.8 HU, respectively (P=.233). Regarding the salivary gland excretion fraction using scintigraphy, the A/B value in the submandibular glands with sialoliths (1.09±0.23) was significantly lower than in the submandibular glands without sialoliths (1.99±0.57, P=.000). CONCLUSION: Assessments of the CT values and the salivary gland excretion fraction using scintigraphy in the submandibular glands seem to be useful tools evaluating submandibular sialolithiasis.
Gamma Cameras ; Humans ; Multidetector Computed Tomography ; Radionuclide Imaging* ; Salivary Duct Calculi ; Salivary Gland Calculi* ; Salivary Glands* ; Submandibular Gland*

The antegrade manipulation with stone dislodger was applied in 7 cases of unilateral multiple ureteral calculi or ureteral calculi accompanied with ipsilateral renal calculi who were admitted to the Department of Urology, Korea University Hospital during the period of 3 years and 7 months from August 1975 to March 1979. After surgical operation including pyelolithotomy, partial nephrectomy or ureterolithotomy for removal of proximal calculi, stone dislodger was passed downward to the distal calculi through the opening made in the kidney pelvis or ureter. When loop catheter is used a sufficient length of catheter is passed to ensure placement of the loop segment is in the bladder. When the stone is snared, a slow and gentle withdrawal motion will facilitate extraction. Compared with the cystoscopic manipulation, the antegrade use of stone dislodger had advantages and high success rate. Results and advantages are described below. 1. In six cases among seven, distal stone was extracted successfully with this procedure. 2. Among the six successful cases, one was upper ureteral stone and five were lower ureteral stones. 3. Each case had one distally located stone in the ureter and the largest one among them was 0.7 X 0.9cm in size. 4. No specific complications were noted during or after procedure in all six cases 5. Advantages of the antegrade manipulation were as followings. 1) Calculi which was snared, could be extracted without difficulty or ureteral trauma because the ureter proximal to the calculi was usually dilated. 2) Appropriate control of traction power and easy manipulation could be performed. 3) When loop catheter was used it was safe because the loop was formed in wide space of the urinary bladder. 4) There was no urethral injury. 5) Another surgical procedure or retrograde cystoscopic manipulation for removal of distal calculi was not necessary.
Calculi ; Catheters ; Kidney Calculi ; Kidney Pelvis ; Korea ; Nephrectomy ; SNARE Proteins ; Traction ; Ureter ; Ureteral Calculi ; Urinary Bladder ; Urology

Sialolithiasis is a condition characterized by the obstruction of a salivary gland or its duct due to the formation of calcareous material or sialoliths resulting in salivary ectasia and even provoking the subsequent dilation of the salivary gland or salivary duct. The most difficult cases involve sialoliths in the posterior part of the Stensen's duct, the presence of multiple stones with stenosis of the distal part of the duct. We report on a case of Stensen's duct abscess with multiple sialolithiasis in a 46-year-old man. The patient's cheek was swollen, and showed no evidence of any other lesions. The patient was treated with surgical removal of stones by the intraoral approach, sialodochoplasty and antibiotics therapy. There has been no recurrence nor duct problem during the 12 months period of follow up.
Abscess ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cheek ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dilatation, Pathologic ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Parotid Gland ; Recurrence ; Salivary Duct Calculi ; Salivary Ducts ; Salivary Gland Calculi ; Salivary Glands