In the study of 43 cases of urinary stones in aldults in Thuy Van commune, Huong Thuy district, Thua Thien Hue province showed that: Hydronephrosis was 27.3%, level III examined by renal ultrasound was the highest rate of 23.3%, three cases of urinary stones had the complication of Hydronephrosis III grade. Urinary tract infection with nitrite and white blood cell (+) in urine was 18.6%. Chronic renal failure was 16.3% with the most was level I (9.3%). Hematuria was 18.6% and red blood cell in urine was the highest (25.6%).
Urinary Calculi/complications ; Epidemiology ; Aduld

From 1992 to 1997, 982 calculus in the upper urinary tract (UUT) was removed. There were 10 acute renal failure and 75 chronic renal failures. The study deserves special commentaries. Renal failure occurred in both groups patients bilateral calculi (group I) and calculus in the single kidney (group II). The members of chronic renal failure were much higher than that of acute renal failure. Renal failure in group II was 2.24 time higher than in group I. The risk was equal for both sex. In group I, the rate of renal failure increased with long history of disease and patients in very short time. Among high - risk factors for renal failure we noted: calculus in many location, bilateral Staghorn calculus multiple bilateral calculi or calculi with calculi in the single kidney, calculi urinary tract infection. Roentgenography, ultrasound, and radioisotope examinations were used as non-invasive techniques for those patients
Urinary Calculi ; Kidney Failure ; diagnosis ; complications

Child ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoaldosteronism ; complications ; Kidney Calculi ; complications

OBJECTIVETo study the etiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment of giant prostatic calculus with neurogenic bladder disease and prostate diverticulum.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of a case of giant prostatic calculus with neurogenic bladder disease and prostate diverticulum and reviewed the relevant literature. The patient was a 37-year-old man, with urinary incontinence for 22 years and intermittent dysuria with frequent micturition for 9 years, aggravated in the past 3 months. He had received surgery for spina bifida and giant vesico-prostatic calculus. The results of preoperative routine urinary examination were as follows: WBC 17 -20/HPF, RBC 12 - 15/HPF. KUB, IVU and pelvic CT revealed spina bifida occulta, neurogenic bladder and giant prostatic calculus.

RESULTSThe patient underwent TURP and transurethral lithotripsy with holmium-YAG laser. The prostatic calculus was carbonate apatite in composition. Urinary dynamic images at 2 weeks after surgery exhibited significant improvement in the highest urine flow rate and residual urine volume. Seventeen months of postoperative follow-up showed dramatically improved urinary incontinence and thicker urine stream.

CONCLUSIONProstate diverticulum with prostatic giant calculus is very rare, and neurogenic bladder may play a role in its etiology. Cystoscopy is an accurate screening method for its diagnosis. For the young patients and those who wish to retain sexual function, TURP combined with holmium laser lithotripsy can be employed, and intraoperative rectal examination should be taken to ensure complete removal of calculi.

Adult ; Calculi ; complications ; Diverticulum ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Diseases ; complications ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; complications

A clinical observation was made on 23 patients of renal staghorn calculi which were treated at the Department of Urology, Hangang sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym College. The results were as follows: 1. Patients ranged in age from 17 to 62 years and there were 12 males and 11 females, giving a male to female ratio of approximated 1.1 to 1. The right kidney was involved more than the left. Eleven patients (47.8%) had multiple renal calculi and 1 of the 23 patients had bilateral renal staghorn calculi. 2. As for methods of surgery, extended pyelolithotomy in 9 cases, nephrolithotomy in 5 cases, nephrolithotomy with partial nephrectomy in 1 case and nephrectomy in 8 cases were performed. 3. Postoperative complications included 3 cases of residual stone and 3 cases of urinary infection. 4. Recommendable surgical method for renal staghorn calculi is the preservation of kidney according to operation technique.
Calculi* ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Kidney Calculi ; Kidney* ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Postoperative Complications ; Urology

A clinical observation was made on 23 patients of renal staghorn calculi which were treated at the Department of Urology, Hangang sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym College. The results were as follows: 1. Patients ranged in age from 17 to 62 years and there were 12 males and 11 females, giving a male to female ratio of approximated 1.1 to 1. The right kidney was involved more than the left. Eleven patients (47.8%) had multiple renal calculi and 1 of the 23 patients had bilateral renal staghorn calculi. 2. As for methods of surgery, extended pyelolithotomy in 9 cases, nephrolithotomy in 5 cases, nephrolithotomy with partial nephrectomy in 1 case and nephrectomy in 8 cases were performed. 3. Postoperative complications included 3 cases of residual stone and 3 cases of urinary infection. 4. Recommendable surgical method for renal staghorn calculi is the preservation of kidney according to operation technique.
Calculi* ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Kidney Calculi ; Kidney* ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Postoperative Complications ; Urology

From June 1989 to October 1991. 52 patients with renal staghorn calculi (34 with incomplete staghorn renal calculi and I8 with complete staghorn calculi) underwent extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. monotherapy by Northgate SD-3 Iithotriptor. Of 52 patients, 27 were treated without preoperative double-J stenting. while 25 underwent double-J stenting before extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. The mean shock waves per patients were gradually increased in proportion to stone burdens rather than the insertion of double-J stent. The average duration of hospitalization was shorter for The group who received prophylactic double-J stenting. The incidence of postoperative complications such as ureteral obstruction, colic, fever decreased in double-J stenting group, but was not statistically significant (p>0.05). 62% (32 cases) of the patients were free of stones after 6 months but double-J stenting did not influence the rate free of stones.
Calculi* ; Colic ; Fever ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney Calculi ; Lithotripsy* ; Postoperative Complications ; Shock* ; Stents* ; Ureteral Obstruction

PURPOSE: The developments and advances in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and endourological procedures have greatly diminished the need for open surgery in the treatment of renal and ureteral stones. We reviewed our experience of open stone surgery to determine current indications and efficacy of this treatment modality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We undertook a review of hospital and office charts, operative records, and pertinent radiographic studies of all patients that had undergone open stone surgery from May 1986 to June 2001 at a single tertiary university hospital. Of 5,533 procedures performed for stone removal, 355 were open surgical procedures (6.4%), these included ureterolithotomy in 215 (60.6%), pyelolithotomy in 50 (14.1%), anatrophic nephrolithotomy in 43 (12.1%), and nephrectomy in 47 (13.2%). RESULTS: The indications for open surgery were complex stone burden (61%), failure of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy or endourological treatment (9%), other co- operation (10.4%) and anatomical abnormalities, such as: ureteropelvic junction obstruction, infundibular stenosis and/or renal caliceal diverticulum (6.5%). Stone free rate, following surgery, was 90.7%. All patients had minor postoperative complications that were resolved with appropriate therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Open stone surgery continues to be a reasonable alternative modality for a small proportion of patients with urinary stones. Those patients with large urinary stone, failed less invasive method, anatomical abnormality and serious medical diseases would be recommended for open stone surgical correction.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Diverticulum ; Humans ; Lithotripsy ; Nephrectomy ; Postoperative Complications ; Shock ; Ureter* ; Ureteral Calculi* ; Urinary Calculi

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility of retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery combined with ureteroscopic lithotomy through the pelvis for treatment of renal and ureteral calculi.

METHODSIn February 2010, 2 patients with renal and ureteral calculi underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery combined with ureteroscopic lithotomy through the pelvis.

RESULTSThe operation time in these two cases was 70 and 80 min, and the volume of intraoperative blood loss was about 20 ml. The exposure was excellent, and the patient recovered rapidly without complications or residual calculi.

CONCLUSIONRetroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery combined with ureteroscopic lithotomy through the pelvis is feasible for treatment of renal and ureteral calculi.

Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Calculi ; complications ; surgery ; Kidney Pelvis ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Treatment Outcome ; Ureteral Calculi ; complications ; surgery

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Sialendoscopy was introduced with favorable results in the management of salivary duct stones. We recently attempted this new procedure to diagnose and remove sialoliths for the first time in Korea. In this paper, we aimed to find out the clinical efficacy and limitations of sialendoscopy. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Nine patients, 2 males and 7 females with the average age of 27, who consented to the trial of a new procedure were enrolled in this study beginning in April 2003. Diagnostic sialendoscopy was performed first, and then intervention was attempted after sialoliths were identified. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the characteristics of sialoliths, preoperative work-up, postoperative complications and outcomes. RESULTS: All but one case had sialoliths in the duct of the submandibular gland. In view of diagnostic sialendoscopy, the success rate was 100%, that is, we could detect sialoliths in all cases. In interventional sialendoscopy, however, the success rate was 44% (4 of 9 cases). In 3 cases, the basket broke down or got caught with the stone. Other complications such as salivary duct perforation, bleeding and nerve injury did not occur. CONCLUSION: Sialendocopy is a new, less invasive procedure to visualize the entire salivary ductal system for the diagnosis of salivary duct stone. However, interventional sialendoscopy for the removal of sialolith is a delicate and technically challenging procedure, requiring strict size criteria of the sialolith and much experience of the operator.
Diagnosis ; Endoscopes ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Salivary Calculi ; Salivary Duct Calculi* ; Salivary Ducts* ; Salivary Gland Calculi ; Submandibular Gland