A study aimed at identifying the common microbe and their changes and sensitivities to antibiotics. The antibiogram was implemented in 91 burned patients (male: 70) with average ages 0f 31, average burn area of 24.9% in the national institute of burn. The study found that the rate of patients had P. aeruginosa, enterobacter and S. aureus in burned region was 28%, 16% and 15,4%, respectively. The microbial sensitivity was highest within 7-10 days of burn. The rate of resistance to common antibiotics of these microbial was high. These microbial had sensitivity to cephalosporin class III, Amikacin and Nofloxacin.
burns ; Infection ; Calcium Hydroxide

Calcium hydroxyde derivatives indicated in the treatment of odontopathy including the generation of the dental pedicle in the teeth that their endodontic canal have not been generated and the endodontics was dead or was living (apexification or apexogenase); odontolysis and endodontic perforation; dental lesions due to trauma, dental dislocation or fracture
Calcium Hydroxide ; Dental Caries

No abstract available.
Calcium ; Calcium Hydroxide ; Dentin ; Hydroxides

The purpose of the present study were to evaluate microleakage of a fourth generation dentin-bonding agent following a walking bleaching treatment, to determine the effect of temporary postbleaching dressing with calcium hydroxide on microleakage and to investigate the effect of delayed intracoronal restoration on microleakage. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Bleached groups showed more microleakage than unbleached group. 2. Immediately restored group following bleaching procedure showed the highest microleakage score. 3. One-week delayed restorations showed less microleakage but there were no statistically significant difference between group II and III. 4. Provisional dressing with calcium hydroxide had no influence on microleakage. It is necessary to know the time that has elapsed from the bleaching treatment to the restoration procedure to achieve optimal seal, as well as to reduce the risk of microleakage in adhesive restoration.
Adhesives ; Bandages ; Calcium Hydroxide ; Walking

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of calcium hydroxide on dentin bonding strength of various dentin bonding systems as a function of time in composite resin restoration. Dentin adhesives used in this study were Scotchbond Multipurpose, Single Bond, SE Bond and Prompt L-Pop. Flat dentin surfaces adjacent to pulp chamber were created, then Ca(OH)2 and saline were mixed and applied on dentin surface of experimental group, then IRM was used to cover the mixture on dentin surface and the specimens were stored at 36.5degrees C for experiment period (7 days, 30 days). After removing IRM and Ca(OH)2, each dentin adhesives were treated on dentin surfaces. Composite resin (Z-250, 3M) was placed with 5 mm height and was light-cured for 20 seconds. After stored in distilled water for 24 hours, each dentin-composite bonded spicemen was embedded in epoxy resin and sectioned into 1.0 x 1.0 mm2 cross section composite-dentin beams. Specimen was mounted on zig of Universal testing machine and microTBS test was performed. SEM analysis was performed to examine the fractured surfaces. The results suggested that applying calcium hydroxide did not show significant difference in dentin bonding strength.
Adhesives ; Calcium Hydroxide* ; Calcium* ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; Dentin* ; Water

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of calcium hydroxide on dentin bonding strength of various dentin bonding systems as a function of time in composite resin restoration. Dentin adhesives used in this study were Scotchbond Multipurpose, Single Bond, SE Bond and Prompt L-Pop. Flat dentin surfaces adjacent to pulp chamber were created, then Ca(OH)2 and saline were mixed and applied on dentin surface of experimental group, then IRM was used to cover the mixture on dentin surface and the specimens were stored at 36.5degrees C for experiment period (7 days, 30 days). After removing IRM and Ca(OH)2, each dentin adhesives were treated on dentin surfaces. Composite resin (Z-250, 3M) was placed with 5 mm height and was light-cured for 20 seconds. After stored in distilled water for 24 hours, each dentin-composite bonded spicemen was embedded in epoxy resin and sectioned into 1.0 x 1.0 mm2 cross section composite-dentin beams. Specimen was mounted on zig of Universal testing machine and microTBS test was performed. SEM analysis was performed to examine the fractured surfaces. The results suggested that applying calcium hydroxide did not show significant difference in dentin bonding strength.
Adhesives ; Calcium Hydroxide* ; Calcium* ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; Dentin* ; Water

This study evaluated the effect of two different calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) paste removal techniques on the apical leakage of canals obturated with gutta percha cones and sealer after removing a Ca(OH)2 dressing using an electrochemical method. Seventy extracted single-rooted teeth were instrumented on with Profile rotary files under NaOCl irrigation. Fifty-eight canals were filled with calcium hydroxide paste, which was then removed using one of the following two techniques. In group A, calcium hydroxide was removed using only NaOCl irrigation, and in group B, the canals were re-prepared with a Profile rotary files-one size larger than the previous instrument and were irrigated with NaOCl. In both groups, the root surfaces were coated twice with nail varnish from CEJ to an area 4 mm away from the apex after canal obturation. Apical leakage was measured using an electrochemical method for 24 days. All the specimens showed leakage that increased markedly in the first three days. There was no significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). The effect of two calcium hydroxide paste removal techniques on the apical leakage was not different during a short period.
Bandages ; Calcium Hydroxide* ; Calcium* ; Gutta-Percha ; Paint ; Tooth ; Tooth Cervix

Wet cement can cause caustic ulcers due to its alkalinity. Besides caustic ulcers frequently called cement burn, allergic and irritant contact dermatitides are common in cement workers. Alkalinity of calcium hydroxide in wet cement combined with the effect of pressure and occlusion against skin may result in cement burn. We report two cases of cement burn due to their occupational exposures.
Burns* ; Calcium Hydroxide ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Occupational Exposure ; Occupations ; Skin ; Ulcer

OBJECTIVES: This study was aimed to determine the effects of temporary sealing materials on microtensile bond strength between resin-coated dentin and resin inlay and to compare the bonding effectiveness of delayed dentin sealing and that of immediate dentin sealing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The teeth were divided into 4 groups: group 1, specimens were prepared using delayed dentin sealing after temporary sealing with zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE); group 2, specimens were prepared using immediate dentin sealing and ZOE sealing; group 3, specimens were prepared using immediate dentin sealing and Dycal (Dentsply) sealing; group 4, specimens were prepared using immediately sealed, and then temporarily sealed with a resin-based temporary sealing material. After removing the temporary sealing material, we applied resin adhesive and light-cured. Then the resin inlays were applied and bonded to the cavity with a resin-based cement. The microtensile bond strength of the sectioned specimens were measured with a micro-tensile tester (Bisco Inc.). Significance between the specimen groups were tested by means of one-way ANOVA and multiple Duncan's test. RESULTS: Group 1 showed the lowest bond strength, and group 4 showed the highest bond strength (p < 0.01). When temporary sealing was performed with ZOE, immediate dentin sealing showed a higher bonding strength than delayed dentin sealing (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Based on these results, immediate dentin sealing is more recommended than delayed dentin sealing in bonding a resin inlay to dentin. Also, resin-based temporary sealing materials have shown the best result.
Adhesives ; Calcium Hydroxide ; Dentin ; Eugenol ; Inlays ; Minerals ; Tooth ; Zinc Oxide

OBJECTIVES: This study compared the retention of BioAggregate (BA; Innovative BioCeramix) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA; Angelus) as coronal plugs after applying different intracanal medications (ICMs) used in regenerative endodontics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One-hundred human maxillary central incisors were used. The canals were enlarged to a diameter of 1.7 mm. Specimens were divided into 5 groups (n = 20) according to the ICM used: calcium hydroxide (CH), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), triple-antibiotic paste (TAP), double-antibiotic paste (DAP), and no ICM (control; CON). After 3 weeks of application, ICMs were removed and BA or MTA were placed as the plug material (n = 10). The push-out bond strength and the mode of failure were assessed. The data were analyzed using 2-way analysis of variance, the Tukey's test, and the χ2 test; p values < 0.05 indicated statistical significance. RESULTS: The type of ICM and the type of plug material significantly affected bond strength (p < 0.01). Regardless of the type of ICM, BA showed a lower bond strength than MTA (p < 0.05). For MTA, CH showed a higher bond strength than CON, TAP and DAP; CHX showed a higher bond strength than DAP (p < 0.01). For BA, CH showed a higher bond strength than DAP (p < 0.05). The mode of failure was predominantly cohesive for BA (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: MTA may show better retention than BA. The mode of bond failure with BA can be predominantly cohesive. BA retention may be less affected by ICM type than MTA retention.
Calcium Hydroxide ; Chlorhexidine ; Ciprofloxacin ; Endodontics ; Humans ; Incisor ; Metronidazole ; Miners ; Pemetrexed*