No abstract available.
Calcinosis/*ultrasonography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Thyroid Neoplasms/*pathology/*ultrasonography ; Thyroid Nodule/*pathology/*ultrasonography

Amyloidosis is a rare disease characterized by the formation of pathological protein deposits in organs or tissues. It is typically a systemic disease which can occur in a localized form. Amyloidosis of the breast is uncommon. Common mammographic findings of breast amyloidosis are multiple nodules with or without calcifications. We report a case of primary localized breast amyloidosis presenting suspicious microcalcifications on mammography without associated masses. Mammography in a 72-year-old woman displayed multiple, linearly distributed, irregular and rod-like calcifications in the subareolar area of the left breast. The patient underwent surgical excision under mammo-guided needle localization and the pathology was confirmed to be breast amyloidosis.
Aged ; Amyloidosis/pathology/*ultrasonography ; Breast/pathology ; Breast Diseases/pathology/*ultrasonography ; Calcinosis/*diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Ultrasonography, Mammary

OBJECTIVETo screen out the sonogram features for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid small nodules (≤ 1.0 cm) by Logistics regression analysis, to establish the binary Logistic regression model of sonogram features as independent variable and investigate the value of wall configuration of ultrasonogrophic nodules in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid small nodules.

METHODSA total of 208 thyroid nodules ≤ 1.0 cm in diameter in 190 patients were evaluated. With postoperative pathological examination or fine needle aspiration biopsy, 106 nodules were confirmed as benign and 102 as malignant. Ultrasonic features of thyroid nodules were evaluated for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant small thyroid nodules based on pathological diagnosis as a gold standard, a Logistic model was obtained, and the odds ratio of variables were compared. The margin of thyroid nodule was divided into regular or irregular margin, and the latter was divided further into four subtypes: strip, triangular, antler and papillary. The border was divided into clear, fuzzy or both. The periphery was divided into those with normal and abnormal echo;. The calcification included no calcification, microcalcification and non-microcalcification.

RESULTSFour statistically significant features were obtained finally by Logistics regression analysis, including margin, border, periphery and calcification. A formula was constructed by two-variables logistic regression analysis and probability of malignancy = 1/(1 + e - z), in which z = 5.026 × margin + 4.218 × border + 4.024 × periphery + 3.892 × calcification - 15.247. The odds ratio of margin was higher than the other independent variables.

CONCLUSIONSLogistics regression analysis indicates that the calcification, border, periphery, and especially margin of thyroid nodules are significant features for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules. The margin score was more intuitionistic for the differentialtion of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Calcinosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Thyroid Nodule ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the use of an ultrasonography (US)-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy for microcalcifications of breast lesions and to evaluate the efficacy of the use of US-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy with long-term follow-up results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: US-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy cases of breast lesions that were performed between 2002 and 2006 for microcalcifications were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 62 breast lesions were identified where further pathological confirmation was obtained or where at least two years of mammography follow-up was obtained. These lesions were divided into the benign and malignant lesions (benign and malignant group) and were divided into underestimated group and not-underestimated lesions (underestimated and not-underestimated group) according to the diagnosis after a vacuum-assisted biopsy. The total number of specimens that contained microcalcifications was analyzed and the total number of microcalcification flecks as depicted on specimen mammography was analyzed to determine if there was any statistical difference between the groups. RESULTS: There were no false negative cases after more than two years of follow-up. Twenty-nine lesions were diagnosed as malignant (two invasive carcinomas and 27 carcinoma in situ lesions). Two of the 27 carcinoma in situ lesions were upgraded to invasive cancers after surgery. Among three patients diagnosed with atypical ductal hyperplasia, the diagnosis was upgraded to a ductal carcinoma in situ after surgery in one patient. There was no statistically significant difference in the number of specimens with microcalcifications and the total number of microcalcification flecks between the benign group and malignant group of patients and between the underestimated group and not-underestimated group of patients. CONCLUSION: US-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy can be an effective alternative to stereotactic-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy in cases where microcalcifications are visible with the use of high-resolution US.
Adult ; Aged ; *Biopsy/methods ; Breast/*pathology ; Breast Neoplasms/*diagnosis/pathology/radiography ; Calcinosis/*pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography ; Middle Aged ; *Ultrasonography, Interventional ; Ultrasonography, Mammary ; Vacuum

Objective To investigate the effect of calcification on the ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation(RFA)of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).Methods We retrospectively analyzed the preoperative and follow-up data of 164 patients(182 nodules)with PTC treated by percutaneous ultrasound-guided RFA in the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 1,2018 to December 31,2021.The tumor status 12 months after RFA was taken as the endpoint event.The univariate Logistic regression analysis was employed to predict the influencing factors of incomplete ablation.The factors were then included in the multivariate Logistic regression analysis for prediction of the independent risk factors of incomplete ablation.Results The maximum nodule diameter(OR=1.16,95%CI=1.04-1.29,P=0.009)and calcification ratio >2/3(OR=19.27,95%CI=4.02-92.28,P<0.001)were the factors influencing the disappearance of lesion 12 months after RFA.Conclusions PTC with calcification can be treated with ultrasound-guided RFA.In the case of calcification ratio ≤ 2/3,this therapy demonstrates the effect equivalent to that of no calcification.
Humans ; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Radiofrequency Ablation/methods* ; Calcinosis ; Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology* ; Ultrasonography, Interventional

Dystrophic calcification can be defined as a calcification that occurs in degenerated or necrotic tissue. It is associated with multiple clinical conditions, such as collagen vascular diseases. It involves the deposition of calcium in soft tissues despite no generalized disturbance in the calcium or phosphorus metabolism, and this is often seen at sites of previous inflammation or damage. Potassium-titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser vaporization of the prostate is safe and relatively bloodless procedure that results in a shorter catheterization, immediate symptomatic improvement, and less severe postoperative irritative symptoms. However, longer follow-up studies or reports about complications are lacking. Here in we report a case of dystrophic calcification and stone formation on the entire bladder neck after performing KTP laser vaporization of benign prostate hyperplasia. That was treated by lithotripsy and transurethral resection.
Aged ; Calcinosis/*diagnosis/pathology ; Humans ; Lasers, Solid-State/*adverse effects ; Lithotripsy ; Male ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/*surgery ; Urinary Bladder Calculi/*diagnosis/etiology/ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder Diseases/*diagnosis/etiology/ultrasonography

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical application of high-frequency ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy for breast microcalcifications.

METHODSSixty-six patients with 70 lesions of microcalcifications detected at mammography underwent high-frequency ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy from July 2009 to October 2010. All patients were female, aged 24 to 61 years (median age 40 years). Among 70 lesions of microcalcifications, unilateral lesions were 62 cases and bilateral lesions were 4 cases. The clinical factors that affected the success of biopsy were investigated by χ(2) test and Logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSAmong 70 lesions of microcalcifications, the successful rate of biopsy was 72.9% (51/70). The biopsy successful rate of microcalcifications without and with masses were 65.2% (30/46) and 87.5% (21/34) respectively (χ(2) = 3.960, P = 0.047). The biopsy successful rate of microcalcifications of maximal diameter more than 5 mm was higher than that of maximal diameter less than 5 mm (88.9% vs. 55.9%, χ(2) = 9.633, P = 0.002). The Logistic regression analysis showed that the types and maximal diameter of microcalcifications were the main factors that affected the success of biopsy.

CONCLUSIONThe clinical application of high-frequency ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy was an effective option for the diagnosis of breast microcalcifications, especially for the type of microcalcifications with masses and the maximal diameter more than 5 mm.

Adult ; Biopsy, Needle ; methods ; Breast Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Calcinosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Ultrasonography, Mammary ; methods

We present a rare case of main pulmonary artery stenosis secondary to protruding fibrous material in the main pulmonary artery associated with patent ductus arteriosus. A 1-month-old baby boy manifested cardiac murmur. Echocardiogram showed circumferential high echogenic mass inside the main pulmonary artery with pressure gradient of 49 mmHg and patent ductus arteriosus. The mass did not regress during 3 months' follow-up period. Angiographic images showed that the circular filling defect was located at the main pulmonary artery distal to pulmonary valve, and pulmonary valve and both pulmonary arteries were normal. After surgical removal of the circumferential material and ductus ligation, the pressure gradient became negligible. The material was consisted of scarcely cellular fibrous tissue, abundant coagulum of fibrinous material and dense calcification.
Angiography ; Calcinosis ; Constriction, Pathologic/etiology/pathology/surgery ; Echocardiography ; Heart Murmurs ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pulmonary Artery/*pathology/radiography/surgery/ultrasonography

PURPOSE: To evaluate radiological findings of non-calcified ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and to correlate those with histological features. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From July 2002 to March 2006, 22 patients with histologically-proven non-calcified DCIS were included. Mammography was obtained in 19 patients, ultrasound in 18 patients, and both examinations in 15 patients. Radiological findings were evaluated according to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System by American College of Radiology. Histological tumor subtype and Van Nuys classification of DCIS were assessed. RESULTS: Histological subtypes consisted of mixed type in 11 patients (50%), comedo in 4 (18%), cribriform in 4 (18%), papillary type in 2 (9%), and solid in one (5%). According to Van Nuys classification, group 3 DCIS was observed in 13 (59%) patients. In the 19 patients who underwent mammography, 13 patients presented with abnormal findings: focal asymmetry in 7 patients (37%), masses in 4 (21%), skin thickening in one (5%), and architectural distortion in one (5%). In the 18 patients who had received breast ultrasound, a mass was present in 15 (83%) patients and ductal changes in 3 patients (17%). Sixty percent of patients with masses on ultrasound had group 3 DCIS and 100% of patients with ductal change had group 1 DCIS (p=0.017). CONCLUSION: Diagnosis of non-calcified DCIS by mammography is not an easy task due to the lack of typical malignant calcifications or masses. High resolution ultrasound can be useful for detecting non-calcified DCIS, and ultrasound findings are correlated with histological features.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Breast Neoplasms/metabolism/pathology/*radiography/*ultrasonography ; Calcinosis/metabolism/pathology ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVE: We wanted to evaluate the degree of conformity of papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma to the reported ultrasonographic findings of malignant thyroid tumor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2003 and December 2004, fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed in 1,036 patients with palpable and non-palpable thyroid lesions. We retrospectively reviewed the ultrasonographic findings of patients with papillary carcinomas (n = 127) and follicular carcinomas (n = 23) that were proven by operation or fine needle aspiration biopsy. We analyzed the ultrasonographic findings of these nodules based on the reported ultrasonographic findings of malignant thyroid tumor: hypoechogenicity, a taller than wide orientation, a microlobulated or irregular margin, a thick hypoechoic rim (halo sign), microcalcification and cystic change. RESULTS: The echogenicity was hypoechoic in 72.4% (92/127) of the papillary carcinomas, but it was isoechoic in 65.2% (15/23) of the follicular carcinomas (p < 0.001). The nodule shape was tall or round in 74.1% of the papillary carcinomas, but it was flat in 72.7% of the follicular carcinomas (p < 0.001). The tumor margin was microlobulated or irregular in 92.9% of the papillary carcinomas and in 60.9% of the follicular carcinomas (p < 0.001). A hypoechoic rim was seen in 26% of the papillary carcinomas (thin rim: 13.4%, thick rim: 12.6%) and in 86.6% of the follicular carcinomas (thin rim: 39.1%, thick rim: 47.8%, p < 0.001). Microcalcifications were demonstrated in 33.9% of the papillary carcinomas and in none of the cases of follicular carcinoma (p < 0.001). A solid mass without cystic change were seen in 98.4% of the papillary carcinomas and in 82.6% of the follicular carcinomas (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The previously reported ultrasonography findings of malignant thyroid tumor are in conformity with most of the papillary carcinomas, but not with follicular carcinomas. The current ultrasonographic features for thyroid malignancy should be cautiously applied as the indication for needle aspiration biopsy so that follicular carcinomas are not missed by too narrow and strict biopsy criteria.
Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/*ultrasonography ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Calcinosis/ultrasonography ; Carcinoma, Papillary/*ultrasonography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroid Gland/pathology ; Thyroid Neoplasms/*ultrasonography