Aged ; Calcinosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Leiomyoma ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Radiography ; Uterine Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology

Calcifying aponeurotic fibroma is a rare, benign fibroblastic tumor. The lesion has a propensity for local invasion and a high recurrent rate. Therefore, accurate preoperative diagnosis and complete excision are important to prevent the recurrence of the tumor after surgical removal. However, radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging findings of calcifying aponeurotic fibroma have been extremely rarely described in the radiology literature. Thus, we report a rare case of calcifying aponeurotic fibroma affecting the dorsal wrist in a 67-year-old man, describe radiographic and MR findings, and discuss the differential diagnosis of the tumor.
Aged ; Calcinosis/*diagnosis/pathology/radiography ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fibroma/*diagnosis/pathology/radiography ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Male ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnosis/radiography ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms/diagnosis/pathology/radiography ; *Wrist/pathology/radiography

No abstract available.
Aged, 80 and over ; Calcinosis/complications/*diagnosis/radiography ; Calculi/complications/*diagnosis/radiography ; Humans ; Ileum/pathology ; Intestinal Diseases/*diagnosis/etiology/radiography ; Intestinal Obstruction/*diagnosis/etiology/radiography ; Male ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the use of an ultrasonography (US)-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy for microcalcifications of breast lesions and to evaluate the efficacy of the use of US-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy with long-term follow-up results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: US-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy cases of breast lesions that were performed between 2002 and 2006 for microcalcifications were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 62 breast lesions were identified where further pathological confirmation was obtained or where at least two years of mammography follow-up was obtained. These lesions were divided into the benign and malignant lesions (benign and malignant group) and were divided into underestimated group and not-underestimated lesions (underestimated and not-underestimated group) according to the diagnosis after a vacuum-assisted biopsy. The total number of specimens that contained microcalcifications was analyzed and the total number of microcalcification flecks as depicted on specimen mammography was analyzed to determine if there was any statistical difference between the groups. RESULTS: There were no false negative cases after more than two years of follow-up. Twenty-nine lesions were diagnosed as malignant (two invasive carcinomas and 27 carcinoma in situ lesions). Two of the 27 carcinoma in situ lesions were upgraded to invasive cancers after surgery. Among three patients diagnosed with atypical ductal hyperplasia, the diagnosis was upgraded to a ductal carcinoma in situ after surgery in one patient. There was no statistically significant difference in the number of specimens with microcalcifications and the total number of microcalcification flecks between the benign group and malignant group of patients and between the underestimated group and not-underestimated group of patients. CONCLUSION: US-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy can be an effective alternative to stereotactic-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy in cases where microcalcifications are visible with the use of high-resolution US.
Adult ; Aged ; *Biopsy/methods ; Breast/*pathology ; Breast Neoplasms/*diagnosis/pathology/radiography ; Calcinosis/*pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography ; Middle Aged ; *Ultrasonography, Interventional ; Ultrasonography, Mammary ; Vacuum

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between coronary artery calcium score (CACS) assessed by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and plaque components assessed by virtual histology-intravascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS) in 172 coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with 250 coronary lesions. CACS was assessed according to Agatston scoring method by MDCT and patients were divided into four groups: Group I (CACS = 0 [n = 52]); Group II (CACS = 1-100 [n = 99]); Group III (CACS = 101-400 [n = 84]); and Group IV (CACS > 400 [n = 15]). Total atheroma volume was greatest in Group IV (152 +/- 132 microL vs 171 +/- 114 microL vs 195 +/- 149 microL vs 321+/-182 microL, P < 0.001). The absolute dense calcium (DC) and necrotic core (NC) volumes were greatest, and relative DC volume was greatest in Group IV (5.5 +/- 6.6 microL vs 11.0 +/- 10.3 microL vs 15.6 +/- 13.6 microL vs 36.6 +/- 18.2 microL, P < 0.001, and 14.8 +/- 18.2 microL vs 19.5 +/- 18.9 microL vs 22.5 +/- 19.1 microL vs 41.7 +/- 27.9 microL, P < 0.001, and 6.4 +/- 5.3% vs 11.0 +/- 6.2% vs 14.0 +/- 6.5% vs 20.0 +/- 7.8%, P < 0.001, respectively). The absolute plaque and DC and NC volumes and the relative DC volume correlated positively with calcium score. CAD patients with high calcium score have more vulnerable plaque components (greater DC and NC-containing plaques) than those with low calcium score.
Adult ; Aged ; Calcinosis/*diagnosis/radiography/ultrasonography ; Calcium/*analysis ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease/*diagnosis/radiography/ultrasonography ; Coronary Vessels/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Multidetector Computed Tomography ; Necrosis ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic/*pathology ; *Ultrasonography, Interventional

No abstract available.
Animals ; Calcinosis ; Echinococcosis, Hepatic/diagnosis/*parasitology/surgery ; Echinococcus granulosus/*isolation & purification ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver/*parasitology/pathology/radiography/surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Colonic wall thickening is frequently encountered in various conditions, from acute or chronic inflammatory disease to colorectal carcinoma. Colonic wall thickening may be accompanied by calcifications in mucinous adenocarcinoma of the colon, leiomyosarcoma of the colon, schistosomiasis japonica, and phlebosclerotic colitis. Phlebosclerotic colitis is a rare entity of chronic ischemic colitis associated with sclerosis and fibrosis of mesenteric veins. Although its development is usually insidious, and, thus its diagnosis can be delayed, characteristic findings in phlebosclerotic colitis are calcifications of mesenteric veins as well as colonic wall thickening with calcifications. We report on a 71-year-old woman who presented with chronic diarrhea and intermittent hematochezia, who was first misdiagnosed as mucinous adenocarcinoma of the colon, but finally diagnosed as a rare entity of chronic ischemic colitis, phlebosclerotic colitis. Differential points of phlebosclerotic colitis from other diseases, including leiomyosarcoma and schistosomiasis japonica, are also described.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/diagnosis ; Calcinosis/pathology ; Chronic Disease ; Colitis, Ischemic/*diagnosis ; Colonic Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Colonoscopy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa/pathology ; Mesenteric Veins/pathology ; Radiography, Abdominal ; Sclerosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

To realize the medical semantic annotation of mammogram, a semantic modeling approach for micro-calcifications in mammogram based on hierarchical Bayesian network (BN) was proposed. Firstly, support vector machines (SVM) were used to map low-level image feature into feature semantics, then high-level semantic was captured through fusing the feature semantics using BN. Finally semantic model was established. To validate the method, the model was applied to annotate the semantic information of mammograms. In this experiment, 142 images were chosen as training set and 50 images as testing set. The results showed that the accuracy of malignant samples was 81.48%, and that of benign samples was 73.91%.
Bayes Theorem ; Breast Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Calcinosis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; Models, Theoretical ; Radiography ; Semantics ; Support Vector Machine

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is a rare chronic disease with paucity of symptoms in contrast to the imaging findings. We present a case of a 24-year-old Malay man having an incidental abnormal pre-employment chest radiograph of dense micronodular opacities giving the classical "sandstorm" appearance. High-resolution computed tomography of the lungs showed microcalcifications with subpleural cystic changes. Open lung biopsy showed calcospherites within the alveolar spaces. The radiological and histopathological findings were characteristic of PAM.
Biopsy ; Calcinosis/*diagnosis/surgery ; Chronic Disease ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn/*diagnosis/surgery ; Humans ; *Incidental Findings ; Lung Diseases/*diagnosis/surgery ; Male ; Pulmonary Alveoli/pathology/radiography ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted/methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/*methods ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was associated with the presence and morphology of coronary atherosclerotic plaques shown by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in asymptomatic subjects without a history of cardiovascular disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 772 consecutive South Korean individuals who had undergone both dualsource 64-slice MDCT coronary angiography and hepatic ultrasonography during general routine health evaluations. The MDCT studies were assessed for the presence, morphology (calcified, mixed, and non-calcified), and severity of coronary plaques. RESULTS: Coronary atherosclerotic plaques were detected in 316 subjects (40.9%) by MDCT, and NAFLD was found in 346 subjects (44.8%) by hepatic ultrasonography. Subjects with NAFLD had higher prevalences of all types of atherosclerotic plaque and non-calcified, mixed, and calcified plaques than the subjects without NAFLD. However, the prevalence of significant stenosis did not differ between groups. After adjusting for age, smoking status, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome, NAFLD remained a significant predictor for all types of coronary atherosclerotic plaque [odds ratio (OR): 1.48; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05-2.08; p=0.025] in binary logistic analysis, as well as for calcified plaques (OR: 1.70; 95% CI: 1.07-2.70; p=0.025) in multinomial regression analysis. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that NAFLD was significantly associated with the presence and the calcified morphology of coronary atherosclerotic plaques detected by MDCT. Further prospective clinical studies are needed to clarify the exact physiopathologic role of NAFLD in coronary atherosclerosis.
Adult ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/statistics & numerical data ; Calcinosis/ethnology/*radiography ; Case-Control Studies ; Coronary Angiography/*methods ; Coronary Artery Disease/ethnology/pathology/*radiography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multidetector Computed Tomography/*methods ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/epidemiology/*ultrasonography ; Odds Ratio ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic/*diagnosis/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Regression Analysis ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Ultrasonography