No abstract available.
Calcaneus*

No abstract available.
Calcaneus*

No abstract available.
Calcaneus*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this report is to evaluate the measured values of normal Korean calcaneus by conduct of a cadaveric study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 42 calcanei were obtained from Korean cadavers. A digital goniometer was used for measurement of Bohler's angle, Gissane angle, posterior facet articular inclination angle, and Fowler-Philip angle of calcaneus. A vernier caliper was used for measurement of the maximal antero-posterior length, maximal transverse width, and maximal height of calcaneus. RESULTS: The average Bohler's angle, Gissane angle, posterior facet articular inclination angle, and Fowler-Philip angle was 32.3degrees+/-5.0degrees, 114.4degrees+/-8.2degrees, 61.2degrees+/-4.4degrees, and 60.3degrees+/-7.6degrees. The average maximal antero-posterior length, maximal transverse width, and maximal height of calcaneus was 74.2+/-3.0 mm, 43.0+/-4.0 mm, and 42.5+/-3.0 mm. CONCLUSION: The measured values of normal Korean calcaneus were lower than the values reported in the international literature. Therefore, development of appropriate instruments reflecting the anatomical characteristics of Koreans will be needed.
Cadaver* ; Calcaneus*

PURPOSE: To find out whether or not the computed tomographic (CT) classification systems of the calcaneal fracture are efficient in illuminating displaced posterior facet fragment and the degree of displacement can be evaluated by analyzing serial CT images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-seven hundred calcaneal fractures were classified by CT classification systems including Sanders classification, and the sagittal rotation angle of the posteior facet fragment was measured on the plain lateral radiograph. Among the serial axial CT images, a number of images with the cortical bone embedded in the cancellous portion were recorded and any significant relationship between each data were evaluated. RESULTS: The conventional CT classification systems are rather insufficient in illuminating the extent of sagittal rotatory displacement. However, the number of CT images in which the cortical radiodensity was observed showed a significantly related with the degree of displacement. CONCLUSION: The conventional CT classification of the calcaneal fractures is unsatisfactory in expressing the degree of sagittal rotatory displacement of the posterior facet fragment; this problem may be alleviated by observing the number of axial CT images in which cortical radiodensity was revealed within the calcaneal body.
Calcaneus ; Classification

Calcaneal fractures are the most common type of tarsal fracture, and comminuted and bursting fractures are common due to the anatomic characteristics of the calcaneus. Assessment and treatment of calcaneal fractures has improved significantly over time. Despite advancements in surgical techniques and equipment, these fractures remain difficult to treat. In this review article, the physiopathology, classification, and surgical treatments of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures are updated.
Calcaneus ; Classification

No abstract available.
Calcaneus* ; Osteomyelitis*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation and ratio between the calcaneal length and width for predicting the width of calcaneus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 190 feet (190 patients) were included based on computed tomography scans. The length of calcaneus (CL) was measured on the line connecting the center of a circle tangent to the cortical margin in the anterior and posterior parts of the calcaneus in a sagittal plane (W1, W2). The width of the calcaneus was defined as the horizontal line of each part (W1, W2, W3) on the same axial plane. The relationship between the measurement was determined through a correlation analysis. The reliability was assessed based on intraclass correlation coefficients. RESULTS: The CL and widths of calcaneus (W1, W2, W3) had a good positive correlation (r=0.848 [W1/CL], r=0.738 [W2/CL], r=0.769 [W3/CL]; p<0.001). The mean CL and widths ratios were 0.33 (W1/CL), 0.37 (W2/CL), and 0.37 (W3/CL). Using these ratios to estimate the widths by multiplying each ratio by the measured calcaneal length, we found a difference between the estimated calcaneal widths and the actual measured calcaneal widths values was 0.25 mm, 0.43 mm, and 0.16 mm. All measurements showed good-to-excellent inter- and intraobserver reliability. CONCLUSION: This study analyzed the correlation and ratio between the length and width of the calcaneus. The results will help orthopedic surgeons fixate screws in a stable manner to prevent iatrogenic injuries to the medial neurovascular structures of the calcaneus.
Calcaneus ; Foot ; Orthopedics ; Surgeons

We present a case of medial plantar nerve injury by screw tip after open reduction and internal fixation of intraarticular calcaneus fracture. We reviewed the risk and prevention technique of medial plantar nerve injury in fixing the calcaneus fracture.
Calcaneus* ; Tibial Nerve*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to analyze radiological change of Kager's triangle in patients with retrocalcaneal disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Areas of Kager's triangle and calcaneus were calculated with Heron's Formula. Average of area ratio (area of Kager's triangle / area of calcaneus) was calculated for comparison and analysis, according to disease activity and aging process. One-tailed Z-test was done with the average of area ratio. RESULTS: Average of area ratio (area of Kager's trianlge / area of calcaneous) tends to decrease according to aging process and disease existence. CONCLUSION: Because area of Kager's triangle in patients with retrocalcaneal disorders tends to change according to disease activity and aging process, we should consider clinical correlation between the anatomical structure of Kager's triangle and retrocalcaneal symptoms.
Aging ; Calcaneus ; Humans